second-generation desktop virtualization Technology The first generation technology realizes the combination of remote operation and virtual technology, the reduction of the cost makes the popularization of virtual desktop technology known as possible, but the influence is not only the procurement cost, management cost and efficiency is also a very important link in this process. Throughout the history of IT technology application, architecture changes and the Three Kingdoms in the same way: The long will be together, a long time will be divided. From the earliest host-dumb terminal centralized mode, to the PC distribution mode, to today's virtual desktop mode, is actually a computing right to use and management of the game development. Start the host mode, centralized management, but the application is difficult, must go to the computer room to use; the PC era, all computing is happening on the PC, but it management has become distributed, which is why IT department of desktop administrators the most pressure, the need for distributed management of all users of the PC, the cost of management also increased significantly. Desktop virtualization solves this problem by splitting the user operating environment from the actual operating environment of the system, without having to be in one place at a time, which satisfies the user's flexibility and helps it to achieve centralized control. But if you just turn 1000 employees ' PCs into 1000 virtual machines, the management pressure on the IT admin may not be reduced, but it's going up instead of running around. In order to improve the management, the second generation of desktop virtualization technology to further the desktop system running environment and installation environment split, application and desktop split, configuration file splitting, thereby greatly reducing the complexity of management and cost, improve management efficiency. As shown in the following illustration: Let's simply calculate: If an enterprise has 200 users, if it is not split, IT administrators need to manage 200 images (including the apps and profiles installed in them). And if the operating system installation and application there is a split configuration file, assuming that there are 20 applications, the use of Application Virtualization technology, do not install the application on the desktop, dynamic application assembly to the desktop, the administrator only need to manage 20 applications, and the configuration file can also use the Windows built-in features, and file data are stored on the file server, this information does not require administrator management, the administrator only need to manage a file server, and the application and profile of the disassembly, so that 200 people with the operating system is no difference in Windows XP, The administrator only needs to manage one image (using this image to generate 200 running virtual operating systems, which can be easily understood as a pattern similar to diskless workstations). So in general, IT administrators only need to manage 20 applications, 1 file servers, and one image. Management complexity is greatly reduced. This split also significantly reduces the amount of storage required (199 XP storage), reducing procurement and maintenance costs. More importantly, from the management efficiency, the administrator only need to a mirror or an application to patch, or upgrade, all users will get the latest updated results, thus improving the security and stability of the system,The workload has also declined significantly. At present, 3 major manufacturers in this level of the use of different split technology, which is due to its own development history, known as the different genres, VMware as a "sword" representative, the use of physical split method, that is, based on the server's differencing disk technology, to realize the difference of the image, For example, 200 users can use a common "master" XP image, each user's own difference information, including the application (VMware's own application Virtualization thin app is actually a packaging method, need to store on-premises) and configuration information, use the combination of the two to provide services, This completely binary-based split method is a typical server virtualization technology that greatly reduces storage. However, this technique still requires the administrator to manage the image of each user to some extent, as this one-to-one correspondence still exists. As the traditional manufacturer of application virtualization, Citrix uses its own mature "logic" split method, which is split by logical classification, that is, the operating system, application and configuration files are split, the time to assemble on demand, so as to ensure the mutual independence of different logical units, to prevent the change of one side, The impact on other aspects, such as application and system upgrades and maintenance, is typical of the "gas pope", which is also quite relevant to the "Xen"-Zen brand. Microsoft is between 2, according to the official introduction, users can put their own VPC created virtual machine uploaded to the server, you can see a user and mirror one by one corresponding management method. Of course, Microsoft has its own Terminal service and RDP, which can take the same approach as Citrix, and it has soft grid (now called App-V, a packaging technology like thin app) and virtual server's differencing disk technology, VMware's technical roadmap can also be used. However, based on its extensive cooperation with Citrix in desktop virtualization technology, it should be biased towards the "gas" development route.
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