Old Boys Education 32-08-09 times on-machine test questions

1th Chapter 50Full-network backup solution for Cluster Server1.1Basic Backup Requirements

known 3 server host names are a (WEB01),B (Backup) ,C (nfs01), respectively

requirements: Every night , the whole point on the Web server A Packaging backup system configuration files, Web site program directory and visit

ask the log and push backup on server B via the rsync command (backup ideas can be local by date

package, and then push to the backup server B ).

The specific requirements are as follows:

1) The backup directory for both Web server A and backup server B must be/backup.

2) The system configuration files to be backed up include, but are not limited to:

A. the configuration file for the scheduled task Service (/var/spool/cron/root).

B. Boot -up configuration file (/etc/rc.local).

C. directory of daily Scripts (/server/scripts).

D. firewall iptables configuration file (/etc/sysconfig/iptables).

E. What else do you need to back up when you think about it?

3) The WEB Server site Directory is assumed to be (/var/html/www).

4) Web server A Access log path assumed to be (/app/logs)

5) The Web server retains the packaged 7 days of backup data ( local retention cannot be more than 7 days, because too many hard drives are full )

6) on backup server B, Keep all copies of the data for every Monday, and the other to retain a copy of the data for 6 months.

7) Backup server B on the backup data server to the IP for the directory to save the backup, the backup file is saved by the time name

===========================================================================================1.1.1 Preparation Environment:

1.1.1.1 #Server-side environment:

Rpm-qa rsync

Yum Install Rsync-y

Useradd-s/sbin/nologin-m rsync

ID rsync

Vim/etc/rsyncd.conf

echo "Rsync_backup:oldboy" >/etc/rsync.password

chmod 600/etc/rsync.password

Mkdir/backup-p

Chown-r Rsync.rsync/backup

Rsync--daemon

Ps-ef|grep rsync|grep-v grep

1.1.1.2 #Client Environment:

echo "Oldboy" >/etc/rsync.password

chmod 600/etc/rsync.password

Mkdir/backup-p

================================== Client Push script ===========================================

#!/bin/sh

ip=$ (Ifconfig eth0|awk-f "[:]+" ' Nr==2{print $4} ')

Path= "/backup"

[!-D ${path}/$ip] && mkdir-p${path}/$ip &>/dev/null

Date= ' Date +%u-d ' -1day '

If [$DATE-eq 1];then

Date=${date}_mon

Fi

#tar

CD/&& \

Tar zcf/$path/$ip/conf_${date}.tar.gzvar/spool/cron/root etc/rc.local server/scripts etc/sysconfig/iptables& &\

Tar zcf/$path/$ip/www_${date}.tar.gzvar/html/www && \

Tar zcf/$path/$ip/logs_${date}.tar.gzapp/logs && \

#md5sum

Find $path-type f-name "*.tar.gz" |xargs md5sum >/$path/$ip/bak_${date}.flag

#rsync

rsync-az/$path/[email protected]::backup--password-file=/etc/rsync.password

#delete

Find $path/$ip-type f-mtime +7|xargs rm-f

===================================== server-side scripting ============================================

#!/bin/sh

ip=$ (Ifconfig eth1|awk-f "[:]+" ' Nr==2{print $4} ')

Path= "/backup"

[!-D ${path}/$ip] && mkdir-p${path}/$ip &>/dev/null

Date= ' Date +%u-d ' -1day '

If [$DATE-eq 1];then

Date=${date}_mon

Fi

find/backup/-type f-name "Bak_*.flag" |xargs md5sum-c >/$path/$ip/mail.${date}.log

Mail-s "Backup WEB_${DATE}-LM" [email protected] < $path/$ip/mail.${date}.log

Find $path-type f! -name "*mon*"-mtime +180|xargs rm-f

2nd Chaptersite cluster back endNfsshared storage setup and optimization solutions

1. Configure NFS services:

Requirements:

1) share/data/w_shared and /data/r_shared two file directories on NFS server C (NFS01), allowing NFS Client read-only from a (WEB01),B (Backup)/data/r_shared When a shared directory is mounted on a (WEB01), B (Backup), respectively , can write /data/w_shared.

2) mount point on NFS client A (WEB01) is/data/b_w(write),/data/b_r(Read), NFS client B ( Backup) on the mount point for /data/w_ your name in English (write) ,/data/r_ your name in English (read).

3) create arbitrary files from NFS writable mount point directory on NFS client B (Backup) from NFS client A (WEB01) You can delete this created file, or vice versa.

4) Question and answer: How to optimize service for NFS

• hardware:sas/ssd disk, buy multiple pieces, hardware raid, specify raid5 or raid10. network card throughput is large, at least gigabit (multi-block bond)

• server-side configurationfor NFS:/data 10.0.0.0/24 (rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534)

• NFS Client Mount Optimization configuration command:

Mount-t Nfs-o nosuid,noexec,nodev,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=131072,wsize=13107210.0.0.31:/data//mnt← Safety Performance

• the when all server cores for the NFS service are optimized, the following commands are executed:

Cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf<<eof

Net.core.wmem_default = 8388608

Net.core.rmem_default = 8388608

Net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

Net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

Eof

Sysctl-p

• If the uninstall prompt "umount:/mnt:deviceis busy", you need to exit the Mount directory and then uninstall, if the NFS Server is down, you need to force uninstall, can execute umount -lf/mnt

• Large web site The Alternative Software for NFS Web file systems is Distributed File System Moosefs (NFS),GlusterFS(large file),Fastnfs.

NFS the advantages and disadvantages of system application

==================================== Service-side environment =============================================

Yum Install nfs-utils rpcbind-y

Mkdir/data/w_shared-p

Mkdir/data/r_shared-p

Chown-r nfsnobody.nfsnobody/data/

/etc/init.d/rpcbind start

/etc/init.d/nfs start

Vim/etc/exports

/data/r_shared 172.16.1.0/24 (Ro,sync,all_squash)

/DATA/W_SHARED172.16.1.0/24 (Rw,sync,all_squash)

==================================== Client Mount =============================================

[Backup]

Mount-t NFS 172.16.1.31:/data/r_shared/data/r_luoming/

Mount-t NFS 172.16.1.31:/data/w_shared/data/w_luoming/

[WEB01]

Mount-t NFS 172.16.1.31:/data/r_shared/data/b_r

Mount-t NFS 172.16.1.31:/data/w_shared/data/b_w

Examples of operations:

[Email protected] b_w]# pwd

/data/b_w

[email protected] b_w]# Touch oldboy{1..5}.txt

[[email protected] b_w]# ls

Oldboy1.txt oldboy2.txt oldboy3.txt oldboy4.txt oldboy5.txt

[Email protected] w_shared]# pwd

/data/w_shared

[[email protected] w_shared]# ls

Oldboy1.txt oldboy2.txt oldboy3.txt oldboy4.txt oldboy5.txt

[Email protected] w_luoming]# pwd

/data/w_luoming

[[email protected] w_luoming]# ls

Oldboy1.txt oldboy2.txt oldboy3.txt oldboy4.txt oldboy5.txt

[[email protected] b_r]# Touch 123.txt

Touch:cannot Touch ' 123.txt ': read-onlyfile system--- read-only

3rd Chapterresolve a site cluster back endNfsshared storage single point for real-time data synchronization

1, real-time data synchronization requirements:

when a user writes data to NFS server C (nfs01) through a Web server , it is replicated to backup server B at the same time (backup)

NFS Server configuration file:

[Email protected] data]# Cat/etc/exports

#share/data by LM at 20161228

/data 172.16.1.0/24 (Rw,sync,all_squash)

Shared directory:

[Email protected] data]# ll-d/data/

Drwxr-xr-x 4 nfsnobody nfsnobody 266240 Jan 7 20:52/data/

NFS Server-side script:

vim/server/scripts/inotify.sh

#!/bin/sh

Path=/data

ip=172.16.1.41

/usr/bin/inotifywait-mrq--format '%w%f '-ecreate,delete,close_write/data/|while read line

Do

if [-f$line];then

Rsync-az $line--delete [email protected] $Ip:: Nfsbackup--password-file=/etc/rsync.password

Else

CD $Path && \

rsync-az/data/--delete [email protected] $Ip:: Nfsbackup--password-file=/etc/rsync.password

Fi

Done

Web client Mount:

[Email protected] mnt]# df-h

Filesystem Size used Avail use% mounted on

/dev/sda3 6.9G 1.5G 5.1G 23%/

Tmpfs 491M 0 491M 0%/dev/shm

/DEV/SDA1 190M 33M 147M 19%/boot

172.16.1.31:/data 6.9G 1.6G 4.9G 25%/mnt

To create a file:

[email protected] mnt]# Touch lidao.txt

NFS Server View:

[email protected] data]# ll Lidao.txt

-rw-r--r--1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 0 Jan 7 20:58 lidao.txt

To view the backup server:

[email protected] nfsbackup]# ll Lidao.txt

-rw-r--r--1 rsync rsync 0 Jan 7 20:58 lidao.txt

Old Boys Education 32-08-09 times on-machine test questions