On the practice of Hawking's Theory of "great design"

In his famous book "Big Design", Hawking proposes a theory of the so-called dependency model: a physical or World picture is a model (usually mathematical) and a set of rules that link model elements to observations. In such a realism, Hawking proposes a good model of the four criteria, namely

1 it is graceful;

2 does not contain arbitrary, adjustable elements;

3 in accordance with and able to interpret all existing observations;

4 can predict the future observation in detail, if the prophecy is not established can be falsified model.

Four standards, the first standard is more subjective, because the beautiful itself does not have any standards, but I always think that the United States is an objective, beautiful things, always get people to admire. The second standard can also be called the simple principle, using the Austrian razor principle of the word is "if not necessary, do not add entities", of course, many times, the first standard and the second standard is unified, that is, "simple is the United States." The third criterion is better understood, but it is still important to emphasize that the standard is to explain the existing "all" observations rather than "recent observations", which, although taken for granted, are often easily overlooked in practice. The key word of the fourth standard is "can be falsified", a model or argument to achieve "can be falsified", then its prophecy must be clear. Hawking's four standard of realism, I think is a combination of practice theory and physics research practice model. Through the study of this combination model, we can further deepen our understanding of the theory of practice, and explore how to combine the practice of universal Truth with concrete practice.

Practice, the human understanding of the affairs of the process is always practice, summary, re-practice, and then summarize, until the business thoroughly mastered. In the practice of physics research, scientific observation is an important practical means, and the theoretical model based on observational results is a "summary" in practice. In practical practice, we always hope that the conclusion is simple and clear, and is able to explain all the results of the previous practice, and most importantly, the theory of practice tells us that the purpose of the summary is for the next practice, that is summed up the law can guide the next practice, This is evident in Hawking's fourth standard.

Simple theory preaching is very dull, we have two examples to illustrate the pros and cons are more interesting.

The first example is a positive example, the proposition that the earth is a sphere or a slab. I believe that at first humans should be convinced that the earth is a slab, and then more observations before the "Earth is a flat" assertion or model is consistent with Hawking's four standards, and also in line with the level of human production practice at that time (ie, productivity level). With the gradual deepening of human practice, it is found that ships sailing from the horizon are always exposed to the sails and then the hull. This discovery makes "the earth is a flat plate" This summary does not conform to the third criterion, therefore, the theory must be revised. The new summary is that the earth is a sphere, and is a big ball, with this theory can be very good explanation of the sail problem, but also can explain the previous human observation and practice, and the theory also predicts a future practice, that is, if someone goes in a direction all the time, then one day, he will return to the starting point after a round. Now we know that this prophecy was later proved by Magellan's practice of navigation for the first time.

The second example is an example of a negative one. We often hear similar "next time I must be more careful and careful", "sometimes to believe in themselves" and so on such a summary, this summary is not very meaningful, in general, the actual effect of the summary is not ideal. In contrast to Hawking's four standards, it is graceful and simple and does not speak first, focusing on the third and fourth standards. "Careful careful" such words I generally use them to describe the character of people, people's character to change is very difficult, but any character does not hinder us to do a specific thing, the key to prevent us from accomplishing one thing is that we do not have the means to complete this matter, as long as the correct method summed up, Then anyone with a character can achieve the goal as long as it is done in the way it is summed up. In addition, the summary of similar "sometimes" such keywords also do not appear, a word, as long as the inclusion of "sometimes", then basically will become the so-called right nonsense, the most typical "right nonsense" is "man has something to do", this kind of words is obvious is correct, but said and did not say the same, is the sentence nonsense , it clearly does not conform to the fourth of the Hokin standard. From the point of view of practice, it is such a summary can not guide our next practice, therefore, such a summary is very bad summary. In a sense, this sum is the same as "all this is God's will". Similar summaries include "I'm too stupid to do something" and so on.

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