One of the project management study notes. Project Management Overview

I. Introduction: Understanding Project Management

Three paragraphs of the three management masters:
1. "In today's society, everything is a project, and everything will become a project ." ---- Paul, president of the American Project Management Association
2. "project management will be in the center of the 21 st Century Management stage, and the 21 st century will enter the project management era !"
---- Management Master Tom Peters
3. "in dealing with global market activities, two management measures will play a key role.
The first is strategic management, and the second is project management.
Strategic management is based on the long-term and macro aspects of an enterprise. It considers the core competitiveness of an enterprise,
Project management is the main means and important guarantee for realizing the company's strategy and supporting the rapid and healthy development of the company ."
---- American scholar David keland
[Evaluation]
As the saying goes: "ass determines the head ",
Technical Personnel think that technology has changed the world;
People who work on the Internet think that the future world is the Internet;
The first and second items above, as if there is only one hammer in his hand, think of everything as a nail and want to use this hammer to knock it down.

Frankly speaking, the management field involves two things: "doing the right thing" and "doing the right thing ",
Strategic management is the right thing, while project management is the right thing;
It is actually a method system that teaches people how to do things and how to make one thing effective and disciplined.
Therefore, from different perspectives, senior management personnel and grass-roots management personnel do different things and have different positions,
However, the process and method of doing things can be the same.

Ii. Four Elements in project management-sppt 2.1 warm-up exercises-Project Management of housework

Case:
During the weekend, you and your lover will do housework at home.
You have three things to do:
First, you need to drag the ground, and there is only one mop, it takes 30 minutes;
Second, you need to wipe the window, and there is only one rag, it takes 30 minutes;
Third, you cut vegetables and only have a knife. It takes 30 minutes;
The problem is that, if you can only use the above tools to complete these three tasks, you cannot destroy the tools, or add tools,
How long will it take for both of you to complete these tasks.
The simplest answer:
60 minutes:
The two are responsible for one job in parallel, and the rest of the work will be done for another 30 minutes;
Or 90 minutes:
Give it to one person, and the other person is resting. It's good to make a flirt;

There is also an answer that is considered, optimized, and completely feasible:
45 minutes:
The specific method is to break down the matter into 15 minutes, and then the two rotate, as for the arrangement and combination can be casual;
For example:
In the first 15 minutes, you cut food and your lover wiped the window;
In the second 15 minutes, you drag the ground and your lover will continue to clean the window;
The third 15 minutes, you continue to drag the ground, your lover cut vegetables, complete;

2.2 sppt-four elements of Project Management 1. Strategy-strategy

Is the purpose and significance of doing this;
Take the warm-up exercises above for example,
For the weekend, it would be no matter whether it was 90 minutes or two hours for two people to adjust their daily lives and do housework together.
This is totally different from two people going out to watch a movie in order to quickly complete the housework.

Here, the trainees can be divided into three types:
The first type of trainees is volunteer, a volunteer,
They are very interested in project management courses and have been interested in learning and learning.
Now they have the opportunity to bring questions and confusions to the classroom and improve through learning.
It can be said that they are learning.
The second type of student is vacationer.
The leaders informed them that they had worked hard. Let's go to training for two days. The company treats this training as a consolation or reward.
So they are on vacation, and their mentality is different. They are relaxed, listen to their courses, and take a rest if they are not good.
The third type of student is hostage.
They were kidnapped, and enterprises had to attend some training courses, so they were not at home.
Therefore, the purpose and significance of doing things are different, which may lead to completely different processes and results.
Whether or not we can correctly understand the purpose and significance of things will greatly affect the process and results of things.

For example, when I was at Huawei, some people communicated with me,
"I really don't understand the project launched by the company. Why do I need to do it ?"
In fact, the launch of a Company project is not necessarily for making money, but also for strategic purposes.
So understanding this will help the project develop in a good direction.

2. people-people

We only need to find a very competent and outstanding person to take charge of this project,
In this project management mode, if you select a person, even if the system and process are not perfect, the project can be well prepared.
[Evaluation]
In the computer industry, there are two common types of managers who are programmers.
One is the shopkeeper type:
The division of labor in the computer industry is very detailed, and there is a big difference in changing the direction;
This kind of leadership management method is to clarify the requirements, and then find the person who can do the demand, and then the subsequent things will be handed over to this person.
As for the implementation process and final results of this project, we can fully view the abilities, professional qualities, and sense of responsibility of the person we are looking.
Therefore, this kind of management method is most worried about capturing requirements and finding people in the early stage of the project, and the subsequent work will be very easy.
But the risks are also obvious-the project process and results are easy to get out of control;
One is hands-on:
Programmers, especially programmers with a certain level, will have a bit of arrogance and bad temper like "simple text.
Such a leader will ask questions about everything, including architecture, staffing, and program bugs.
Sometimes I can't even see it, just roll up my sleeves.
Therefore, such a leader will be busy with various details from day to night,
There are negligible risks in project risks, progress and results, and team training.

We previously had a CTO, which is of this type.
The last part of the recruitment process is him. He needs to sign the device,
In specific projects, we will also provide hands-on guidance on the language used and how to improve the degree of parallelism of the program.
He is too busy for a day and often sends emails late at night,
As for the middle-level management under him, lack of opportunities to break through and innovate, and lack of motivation to actively cooperate with the project, it became mediocre.
Finally, the project was quickly removed shortly after it was launched for non-technical reasons,
The results of one year's overtime work by the entire project team did not achieve the desired results, and more than 20 teams were scattered.

In fact, the two types mentioned above are two extremes, which should be avoided or used incorrectly in project management.
The third type is people who can use this course scientifically and skillfully to manage projects.

It should also be noted that the project management method, the method used, and the amount of work should depend on the management level you are in.
The management level can be basically divided into three layers: grass-roots management, middle-level management and high-level management.
At each layer level, the attention to and use of the same method and means are different.
For grass-roots management:
You are only responsible for a small piece, with three, four, or less than ten people. At this time, the management means are more inclined to be close to each other,
The focus is on implementation, bug resolution, and efficiency optimization.
For middle-level management:
You will pay more attention to department coordination, resource scheduling, project risks, and team gradient construction;
You need to use a large number of management tools to arrange jobs, track the project progress in the middle, and report the results upwards.
For high-level management:
Will be more inclined to hand-held treasurer type,
The focus of our work is to focus on market trends, capture demands, find people, point out directions, boost morale, establish a system, and reward and punish people.

3. Process -- order and Arrangement

In fact, project management often focuses on the order and arrangement of work.
In the above warm-up exercises, the 45-minute solution is a good arrangement and can achieve better efficiency.

4. Tools -- tools

In project management, some tools, technologies, and methods need to be used for project content decomposition and sorting.

3. quality and ability required by an excellent project manager: 3.1 hard skills + soft skills

Aside from the specific requirements on professional competence, a person must have six capabilities in project management,
These six capabilities can be divided into hard and soft skills:
The first three soft skills are:
Leadership)
Influence)
Communication and coordination skills
The following three hard skills are:
Plan decomposition capability to simplify complex problems
The performance analysis capability can accurately understand the current status of the project and predict the trend of the project.
Risk management capability
Therefore, we will carefully introduce these six capabilities in the course.
These six capabilities are what we call the first P, that is, the abilities and qualities that people and project managers should possess.

4. Four indicators in the project management process

What are the requirements and realm for doing one thing? It can be described as "many, fast, good, and save" in four words ".

More than 4.1 -- Scope Management

Multiple, that is, the scope of project management.
During project creation, the scope of the project may change,
Therefore, managing changes, defining the project content and boundaries, and clarifying the objectives are all part of the basic scope management.
The clearer the goal and boundaries of a project, the more likely the project is to succeed.
At the same time, the more standardized the management of changes during the project implementation process, the higher the final success rate of the project.
Therefore, "multiple" corresponds to a range.

4.2 fast -- Time Management

Fast, corresponding to the Project Progress Management.
All projects are subject to time constraints. In fact, the pressure on delivery is very high in terms of time,
Because we know that the time must be handed in, or the efforts of the past few months will be wasted.
There is a project management statement called "the back wall does not fall down ",
That is, when determining the time, you should not come with me to talk about other conditions, or discuss with me any restrictions,
I will tell you that if this time is not enough, this project will be meaningless.
This means that the time node cannot be changed.
We need to find a way to effectively manage the progress of the project as soon as possible.

4.3-cost

Each project is subject to budget, cost, and resource restrictions.
We must be very keenly aware of the most restrictive factors in projects, especially resource restrictions.
Therefore, managing and controlling scarce and common resources in project management is an important element in project management.

4.4 good -- quantity

Quality, in many cases in China, it is often because our project management does not follow this simple approach.
Why did the Great Leap Forward fail during the Cultural Revolution?
It does a lot, fast, and saves time, but it is in violation of the project principles.
The first three factors can be adjusted, but the last one cannot be lost.

4.5 Project Management Triangle

You can use a diagram to summarize the learning content of project management:

4.6 additional project management indicators

Currently, there are not four project management indicators, but seven.
In addition to the previously added resources, there are two other resources: risk management and stakeholder satisfaction management.

1. Risk management

Risk Management (Risk management) is a management project that prevents projects from unexpected problems.

2. stakeholder satisfaction management

It satisfies stakeholders through communication and communication.
This is important in project management in China.
Once, I made a summary of the project. The project was a national key project and was delayed for more than half a year.
In terms of project management, this is actually not good, but when the leaders speak up, they give a high comment on this project.
"When our resources were severely restricted last year, almost all projects in our company were delayed,
Your project has the lowest latency among all our projects, so I am very satisfied with you"

The following are the seven management indicators under the project's three constraints.
Figure:

The following two skills will be developed based on project management's personal abilities,
Hard skills, including plan decomposition, performance analysis, and risk management
Soft skills, including communication and coordination, influence, and leadership
We will analyze and explain these six aspects one by one.

One of the project management study notes. Project Management Overview