One-time help you solve all the typographical problems of your graduation thesis

Typographical layout is a headache for many people, especially when the paper needs to be modified multiple times. This article will provide you with some skills to use Microsoft Word 2003 to typeset your papers, making them easier and easier, in order to focus more on the content of the paper, rather than the arrangement of text. These skills can be used not only in thesis writing, but also in other documents. This article will be divided into five topics to explain how to solve the coexistence problem in the paper layout process. The sixth part is some tips.
I. Automatic Number of charts and formulas

Ii. Use of table making

Iii. Directory Creation 4

Iv. Document No. and reference 5

5. Create a header and footer 6

6. Other Tips: Ctrl + enter Line Break (SHIFT + enter) double-click the icon and align it to the right

 

I. Automatic Number of charts and formulas
In this paper, charts and formulas must be numbered according to the order in which the chapters appear, for example, 1-1, Table 2-1, and Formula 3-4. The number maintenance during the insertion or deletion of graphs, tables, and formulas becomes a major problem. For example, if you insert a graph before the first graph in Chapter 2 (Figure 2-1, then the original figure 2-1 is changed to 2--2 to 2-3 ,..., What's worse, there are still many references to these numbers in the document, for example, "the flowchart is shown in Figure 2-1 ". If there are a lot of figures, there are also a lot of references. Imagine how hard it is to manually modify these numbers, and it is easy to miss out! Tables and formulas have the same problem.
Can I allow word to automatically number the chart formula and automatically update the reference in the document when the number changes? The answer is yes! The following figure uses the serial number as an example to describe the specific practice.
The automatic number can be achieved through the word "question note" function. According to the format requirements of the paper, the figure number in Chapter 1 is in the format of "Fig 1-× ". After inserting a graph into a document, select the newly inserted graph, and select "question note" from the "insert" menu to create a new tag "Figure 1 -", the number format is Arabic numerals (if you do not click "Number" to modify), the location is below the selected project, click "OK" and then word inserts a text box below the graph, insert the label text and serial number. Enter the description after the serial number, for example, "morphological expansion calculation example". You can also move the position of the text box and change the text alignment mode. When you insert a graph again, the question note is added in the same way. The difference is that you do not need to create a new tag. You can simply select it. Word is automatically numbered according to the order in which the graph appears in the document.
When referencing these numbers in the document, such as "1-1", we will do this in two steps. After inserting the question note, select "Figure 1-1" in the text in the question note, select "bookmarks" in the "insert" menu, type the name of the bookmarks, and click "add ". In this way, the question text "Figure 1-1" is made into a bookmarks. Place the cursor at the place where it needs to be referenced (in the above example, it is behind the word "for example"), and select "cross reference" in the "insert" menu ", in the dialog box that appears, select "bookmarks" for the reference type, set "reference content" to "bookmarks", and click "insert" after the name of the bookmarks you just typed ", word inserts the text "Fig 1-1" into the place where the cursor is located. You can directly Insert the cross-reference of the corresponding bookmarks when you need to reference the bookmarks again elsewhere.
So far, we have implemented automatic maintenance of the Image number. After inserting another image before the first image, word automatically changes the question note "Fig 1-1" to "Fig 1-2", and "Fig 1-1" in the document to "Fig 1-2 ".
The table number method is the same as that of the graph. The only difference is that the question mark of the table is above the table and must be left aligned. The number of the formula is slightly different. After the formula is inserted, the formula is placed in a separate paragraph. The layout is "embedded" (default word), and the cursor is placed after the formula. Do not (note that it is "not ") select the formula and select "topic note" from the "insert" menu. Because no project is selected, the "position" item is gray. Create the "Formula 1-" label and click "insert ", word inserts the label text and the generated sequence number into the cursor position. The method for referencing the formula number in this document is the same as that in the graph, which is not described here. The number of the formula must be at the end of the right row. The specific method is described in the "use of tabulation" section.
By the way, cross-reference, bookmarks, and question injection are all word fields. Domain is the content that may change in the Document. Word uses the domain to automate the document. The combined use of multiple domains can implement more complex functions. For more information about how to use each domain, see the help of word.
Note:
When creating a tag in the question note, word automatically adds a space between the tag text and the serial number, which looks uncomfortable. You can delete the space after inserting the question note, then, the text is bookmarks. 2.
It is best to use the description text of a chart (table or formula) for the bookmarked name, so that you can see the "Graph" as far as possible ". 2.
When the number of an image (table or formula) is changed, the reference in the document is sometimes not updated automatically. You can right-click the reference text and select "Update domain" in the pop-up menu ". Close the document and then open Word to update all fields. 2.

 

Ii. Use of table making
A tab refers to the position on the horizontal ruler. It specifies the text indent distance or the start position of a column of text, allowing you to align text rows to the left, right, or center; or align the text with decimal or vertical lines. You can automatically insert specific characters, such as periods or dashes, before a tab. By default, word inserts a tab in the document at an interval of 0.74 cm by pressing the tab key once.
Table store can be left-aligned, center-aligned, right-aligned, decimal point-aligned, or vertical-aligned, here, the use method and effect of the tabulation are described based on the requirements of the formula layout and the creation of the directory in the paper. For more details, refer to the help document of word.
The formulas in this paper must be placed in a separate section, and the formulas are centered. The sections are numbered and the numbers are enclosed in parentheses and placed at the end of the right row. First, enter the formula and number. Select "embedded" for the formula layout, and enclose The number in parentheses. Place the cursor in the section where the formula is located, click the tab icon in the upper-left corner of the page, switch to the center tab, and click around the middle of the horizontal ruler, in this way, a center table is placed at the place where you click it. If the position is not suitable, you can drag the cursor to adjust it. Then, switch the "tab icon" in the upper left corner to the right-aligned tab, and place a right-aligned tab at the end of the row in the same way as the "center" tab.
After you have set the tab, place the cursor in front of the formula and press the tab key to insert a tab in front of the formula. At this time, the formula is centered and aligned with the center table, move the cursor between the formula and the left brace, and press the tab key to insert a tab. Then the number is displayed at the end of the row.
It is very easy and convenient to use the tabulation method to process the formula layout. You do not need to press a lot of spaces to move the formula to the middle and push the number to the end of the row. Another benefit is that if the length of a formula or number changes, word will automatically adjust so that the formula is always in the middle of the page and the number is always at the end of the row, it does not wrap a line because of the formula or number length. The simpler way is to save the settings of the formula section as a style. All Formula sections apply this style, which is simple and convenient, and can maintain the consistency of all the formula sections. You can manually set a table to make sure that the position of each center table is the same ?!
There is also a concept involved in table preparation: A leading character. A leading character is a space sign generated by filling a tab. It is usually solid, dotted, or dotted, and is often seen in a directory (the dot between the title and the page number ). When creating a directory, enter the title and page number, and set a right-aligned tab at the end of the line. Click "format | Tabulation". The tabulation dialog box displays the tabulation information of the section where the cursor is located. Select the right-aligned tab, and select the dot as the leading character (no leading character in Word by default). After confirmation, a tab is inserted between the title and the page number, and the page number is displayed at the end of the line, the page number and title are filled with dots. When the page number or title Length changes, word automatically adds or deletes dots. The example of using a directory here only describes how to use the leading character. In fact, there are still better ways to create a directory, which will be detailed below.
Note:
1) One tab key is used to insert a tab. Therefore, do not use tabs instead of spaces in the document to generate a blank interval. Otherwise, the layout will be messy if you paste the text into other sections with different tabs or the tab settings of the document are changed by default.
2) Sometimes, after pressing the tab key, word will generate a gray arrow, which is actually the tab format mark of word, the format mark as well as the paragraph mark (Turn Arrow), Space (gray dot). These format tags are not printed when printing documents. They are displayed and displayed on the "View" tab of "Tools | options.

 

Iii. Directory Creation
A directory is used to list titles at all levels of a document and the corresponding page numbers of titles in the document. First, we will introduce the concept of word: outline level. Word uses a hierarchical structure to organize documents. The outline level is the level Number of the section level. Word provides 9 levels of outline level, which is sufficient for general documents. Word directory extraction is based on the outline level and paragraph style. In the normal template, you have provided a built-in title style named "Title 1", "title 2 ",..., "Title 9", corresponding to the outline level 1-9. We can also use a custom style without using the built-in title style, but it is a little troublesome. The Directory Creation Method in the following section uses the built-in title style of word directly. For more information about the custom style method, see the help document of word.
Directory creation is divided into three steps.
1) Modify the title style format. Generally, the title style built in the word does not meet the paper format requirements and needs to be manually modified. On the menu bar, click "format | style", select "all styles" from the drop-down list, click the corresponding title style, and click "change ". The editable content includes the font, paragraph, tabulation, and number. You can modify the format of the Title 1-3 according to the format requirements of the paper.
2) apply the corresponding format to the title section of each chapter. The title of the chapter uses the "Title 1" style, the title of the section uses "title 2", and the title of the third level uses "Title 3 ". Another advantage of using styles to set the title format is that it is very convenient to change the title format. If you want to change the font size of all level 1 titles to three, you only need to change the format settings of the "Title 1" style, and then automatically update the font size of all Chapter titles to three, you do not need to manually modify them one by one, which is troublesome and error-prone. For more information about how to apply styles and automatically update styles, see the word help.
3) extract the directory. As required by the paper format, the directory is placed before the body. Insert a new page before the body (insert a paging character before the title of the first chapter), move the cursor to the beginning of the new page, add the word "directory", and set the format. Click "insert | index and directory" on the menu bar, click the "directory" tab, and set "display level" to three levels. If you do not need to change other settings, the word will automatically generate a directory. If the title of a section is not in the directory, the title style is not used or improperly used. If the word directory is not generated, check the corresponding section. If the title or page number of a chapter changes, you only need to update the directory.
Note:
After a directory is generated, sometimes the directory text will have a gray background, which is the domain background of the word and will not be printed (if you are willing to waste a piece of paper, you can try to print the directory ). On the "View" tab of "Tools | options", you can set the display mode of the domain shading. 2.

 

4. Document reference numbers and references
It is not a difficult task to mark references, but it is a troublesome task to mark references, the problem is the same as that of the chart Formula number. Manual maintenance of these numbers is a laborious and error-prone task. Our goal is to allow word to automatically maintain these numbers. Fortunately, it can be done in a similar way to chart formulas. Place the cursor in the reference area, select "insert | footer and end note" on the menu bar, and select "End note" in the pop-up dialog box ", click the "options" button to change the numbering format to Arabic numerals and the position to "End of the document". After confirmation, word inserts the reference document number in the cursor, and automatically jump to the corresponding number at the end of the document. Please enter a description of the reference document. Here, add the relevant document according to the format of the reference document recording table. Reference annotations require that the numbers be enclosed in brackets. So far, I have not found a method for automatically adding brackets to word. You need to manually add brackets.
if you need to reference the same document multiple times, you must make a final note when you reference this document for the first time. If you reference this document again, click "insert | cross reference ", select "tail injection" for "reference type", and the reference content is "tail injection number (with format)". Then select the appropriate document and insert it. Don't think it's done. We're just one step away from success. The format of the paper requires that the reference documents should be followed by the text, and there will be a description, appendix, and acknowledgment of the paper after the reference documents, while the word tail note should either be at the end of the document, either at the end of the "section", these two do not meet our requirements.
the solution seems clumsy. First, delete all numbers in the end note text (we do not need it because it is incorrectly formatted), and then select all end note text (reference document description text ), click "insert | bookmarks", name it "Reference text", and add it to the bookmarks. In this way, all references are bookmarked. Create a page after the body, with the title "references", and set the format. Move the cursor to the title, select "insert | cross reference", set "reference type" to "bookmarks", and click "Reference text" to insert, in this way, the reference document is copied. Select the text you just inserted, modify the font size according to the format requirements, and use the project number for automatic numbering.

Here, we are a little bit far from perfection. When printing documents, the end note page will also be printed, which we do not need. Of course, you can set the page number range to not print the last few pages. There is another method here. If you want to learn more, read it.
Select all end text, click "format | font", change to "hide text", switch to common view, and select "View | footer ", at this time, all the end notes appear at the bottom of the window. In the "End note" drop-down list box, select "End note delimiter" to delete the default line. In the same way, delete the "tail injection continuation separator" and "tail injection continuation token ". Delete the header and footer (including the separation line), select "View | header and footer", first Delete the text, and then click "page settings" in the header and footer toolbar, in the displayed dialog box, click "border". On the "page border" tab, set the border to "NONE" and the application scope to "this section "; set the border of the border tab to "NONE" and the application range to "section ". Switch to "footer" and delete the page number. Select "Tools | options" and confirm that hidden text is not printed on the "print" tab (default word ).
Okay. Try to print the page of the last note, isn't it White Paper ?!

 

5. Create a header and footer
first, we will introduce a concept: section. The "section" here is different from the chapter in the paper, but it is similar in concept. Section is a continuous document block, the page of the same section has the same margin, paper type or direction, printer paper source, page border, vertical alignment, header and footer, column, page number arrangement, line number and footer, and tail note. If no Delimiter is inserted, only one section of a Word document is inserted by default. All pages belong to this section. To set different headers and footers for a page, you must divide the document into multiple sections.
In this paper, the title of the same chapter is used as the header, and the page headers of different chapters are different. Each chapter can be used as a section, set the header and footer for each section. First, we will introduce how to create a header.
after the texts in each chapter are arranged, set the header of the first chapter (if you do not know how to add a header, refer to word help ). Next, jump to the end of chapter 1, select "insert | separator" on the menu bar, and select "Next" for the separator type ", do not select "continuous" (unless you want the title of Chapter 2 to be placed behind the text of Chapter 1 rather than a new page ), select "odd page" or "Even page" based on the situation in case of parity page layout ". In this way, a subscriber is inserted in the place where the cursor is located. The text below the subscriber belongs to another section. Move the cursor to the second chapter. You can see that the header in the second chapter is the same as that in the first chapter. Double-click the header and word to bring up the header and footer toolbar, there is a "Same as the front" button (image button, not text) on the toolbar. pressing this button indicates that the header in this section is the same as that in the previous section. What we need is that the headers in each chapter are independent of each other, therefore, adjust the button to the "Pop Up" status, modify the header to the title of Chapter 2, and then close the toolbar. For example, create the headers of other chapters.
the footer creation method is relatively simple. The footer of the thesis page is only the page number, which must be numbered from the body. However, there are still pages, authorization statements, Chinese and English summaries, and directories before the body, which do not need to be edited, the page number starts from Chapter 1 of the body. First, confirm that the first chapter of the body and the Directory do not belong to the same section. Next, move the cursor to the first chapter, click "View | header and footer" to bring up the header and footer toolbar, switch to the footer, make sure the "Same as before" button is in the pop-up status, insert the page number, in this way, no page number is displayed before the body, and the page number starts from Chapter 1.
Note:

By default, the built-in style "Header" is used for headers and paragraphs, while the footer is in the "footer" style, and the page number is in the built-in character style "page number ". If the font size of the header and footer does not meet the requirements, modify these styles and update them automatically. You do not need to manually modify the header and footer of each chapter. 2. You can use the title of the chapter in the header of the paper as a bookmarkdonefile, and then use the cross-reference method in the header to maintain the consistency between the two. 2.

 

6. Other skills
Paging character (CTRL + enter)
As the name suggests, a pagination character is used for paging, and the text after the pagination character will start on another page. The title of each chapter in the paper requires a new page to be placed in the first line of the new page. In this case, you can use a paging character. Place a paging character at the end of the previous chapter. No matter the layout of the previous chapter changes, the title of the next chapter always appears on a new page.
Someone must have typed multiple carriage returns to push the title of the chapter to a new page! The disadvantage of doing so is obvious. If the layout of the previous chapter changes, for example, deleting a row, then the title of the next chapter is at the end of the last page of the previous chapter. If a row is added, then there is a blank line before the title of the next chapter. Abandon this kind of effort-consuming and thankless practice!

Line Break (SHIFT + enter) U
here, another concept of word is involved: paragraph. A paragraph is an independent unit of information and has its own format features, such as alignment, spacing, and style. Each section ends with a paragraph mark (a gray Turn Arrow ). You can press enter to insert a paragraph mark at the cursor position, indicating the end of a paragraph. The line break is different from the Enter key. It has only the second function and does not have the first one. That is, the first line and the last line of the line break still belong to the same paragraph and share the same paragraph format.
double-click the icon
here is an example. You may need to draw a simple flowchart in the paper. You have inserted the required text box and added the corresponding text to arrange the location. Then you need to use arrows to connect these text boxes, you clicked the arrow icon on the toolbar, drew an arrow, clicked another icon, drew another arrow, and clicked the third icon, drew the third arrow ,... A little troublesome, isn't it? How nice is continuous painting! Actually, it can be done! Double-click the arrow icon with the mouse, and draw an arrow in the desired area. Can you see it? When an arrow is drawn, the icon remains embedded, indicating continuous plotting. After All arrows are painted, click the embedded icon. The embedded icon pops up and word returns to the text input state.
not only does the arrow icon have this function, but many other icons can. A format brush is one. When you need to apply a special text format multiple times, double-click the format brush to continuously brush the required text, which is very convenient.
align center and right
Are You Still inserting spaces to push the Chapter title to the center of the page? It's too earthy! Use the center button in the format toolbar. The right-aligned button sorts the text from the end of the row.