As a new FreeBSD user, you will find the FreeBSD Installation Method in the first part of this manual, and gradually introduce concepts and customs to enhance the Unix base. To read this part, you only need to have the spirit of exploration and the ability to accept new concepts.
After reading this, the second part of the Manual is a comprehensive reference for all topics of interest to the system administrator in FreeBSD. The background knowledge required to read the content of these chapters is noted in the Outline of each chapter. If necessary, you can preview the content before reading.
For a list of additional information sources, see Appendix B.
Changes compared to the Third EditionThe current online manual represents the efforts of hundreds of contributors over the past 10 years. The following are some important changes that have taken place since the third edition of the two volumes published in 2004:
Chapter 2, dtrace, adds information about powerful dtrace performance analysis tools.
Chapter 2: File System Support: add information related to non-native file systems on FreeBSD, such as Sun's ZFS.
Chapter 2 Security Event audit adds FreeBSD's new audit functions and usage methods.
Chapter 2: Virtualization: added information about installing FreeBSD on virtualization software.
The third version of this manual you see is the peak of the FreeBSD document program that took two years to complete. The content of this version has grown to have to be divided into two volumes for printing and publishing. The third edition includes the following major changes:
Chapter 2, configuration and optimization, expanded and added ACPI power supply and resource management,CronSystem utilities and more kernel optimization options.
In Chapter 14th, the security chapter adds the content of the virtual private network (VPNs), file access control table (ACLs), and Security Bulletin.
Chapter 2, force Access Control (MAC) is a new section in this version. It explains what Mac is and how this mechanism makes your FreeBSD system safer.
Chapter 2: Storage: added USB storage devices, file system snapshots, file system tolerances, file and network-based file systems, and content related to encrypted disk partitions.
Chapter 6, vinum, is a new chapter in this version. Describes how to use the volume Management System vinum that provides device-independent logical disks, software raid-0, raid-1, and raid-5.
In Chapter 27th, PPP and slip add troubleshooting instructions.
Chapter 28th, the e-mail chapter adds information about how to use other mail transport agents, SMTP authentication, uucp,Fetchmail,ProcmailAnd other advanced content.
Chapter 1 network services is a brand new chapter in the new version. This chapter includes how to set upApache HTTP Server,FtpdAnd used to support Microsoft Windows customersSamba. Some paragraphs are from Chapter 1 and advanced network application.
Chapter 2, advanced network applications chapter introduces how to use Bluetooth devices, install wireless networks, and use asynchronous transmission mode (ATM) networks in FreeBSD.
A vocabulary is added to describe the terms used in the entire book.
The charts in the book are further beautified.
The second version of this manual is the peak of two years for members of the FreeBSD document program. The second edition includes the following major changes:
Added a complete index.
Replaces all previous ASCII illustrations with images.
Each chapter adds a standard outline, listing the information contained in this chapter and the knowledge that readers should understand.
The content is logically divided into three parts: "starting", "system management", and "Appendix ".
Chapter 1 ("Install FreeBSD") uses screen capture images in the new version, making it easier for new users to understand the text.
Chapter 3rd ("UNIX basics") expands additional information about processes, daemon processes, and signals.
Chapter 2 ("install application") expands additional information on Binary Package management.
Chapter 2 ("X Window System") focuses on the use of modern desktop technologies such as xfree86 4.xKDEAndGnome
Chapter 2 ("FreeBSD Startup Process") expands the content of the first version.
Chapter 2 ("Storage") is a combination of two separate chapters "disk" and "backup" in the first version. We think the two parts are easier to understand as a whole. RAID (including hardware and software raid) is also added.
Chapter 2 ("Serial Communication") improves the first version and updates FreeBSD 4.x/ 5.x.
Chapter 2 ("PPP and slip") is updated in full.
Many new contents are added to Chapter 31st ("Advanced Network ").
Chapter 2 ("email") adds ConfigurationSendmail.
Chapter 10th ("Linux compatibility") addsOracleAndSap r/3.
The second edition also covers the following topics:
Configuration and adjustment (Chapter 1 ).
Multimedia (Chapter 1)
This manual is divided into five logically clear parts. Part 1StartIt covers FreeBSD installation and basic usage. Readers can read the topic in sequence or skip some familiar topics based on their own situations. Part 2Common OperationsIt covers common functions of FreeBSD, which can be read in sequence. Each part starts with a concise outline, which describes the content covered in this chapter and the knowledge that the reader should know. This mainly enables readers to better choose the chapters they are interested in. Part 3System ManagementIt covers a wide range of topics of interest to FreeBSD advanced users. Part 4Network CommunicationThis includes network and service topics, and the fifth part is the resource information appendix.
Introduce FreeBSD to new users. It describes the history, objectives, and development modes of the FreeBSD plan.
This chapter will guide you through the installation process. Some advanced installation themes, such as how to install through the serial console, are also covered.
This chapter covers the basic commands and functions of the FreeBSD operating system. Skip this chapter if you are familiar with Linux or other UNIX-like operating systems.
This chapter describes how to install third-party software using FreeBSD's "ports Collection" and standard Binary packages.
This chapter briefly describes the X Window System system and details how to use it on FreeBSD. He also describes common desktop environments, suchKDEAndGnome.
Lists common desktop applications, such as web browsers and office kits, and describes how to install them on FreeBSD.
Demonstrate how to set sound card and video playback support for your system. It also describes some simple audio and video applications.
Explains why you need to configure a new kernel and provides detailed instructions for configuring, compiling, and installing a custom kernel.
Depicts printer management on FreeBSD, including banner pages, print statistics, and initial settings.
Linux compatibility of FreeBSD is described. It also provides detailed installation instructions for many popular Linux applications, suchOracle,Sap r/3AndMathematica.
This chapter describes some parameters that may be used by administrators to adjust the FreeBSD system to optimize performance. It also describes various configuration files in FreeBSD and their locations.
This chapter describes the Startup Process of FreeBSD and explains how to use configuration options to control the process.
This chapter describes how to create and operate user accounts. It also describes how to set user resource limits and other account management tasks.
Describes many tools that can be used to ensure the security of the FreeBSD system, including Kerberos, IPSec, and OpenSSH.
This article introduces the jail framework and improvements to the traditional chroot support in FreeBSD.
Explains what force Access Control (MAC) is and how to use this mechanism to enhance the security of the FreeBSD system.
Describes what FreeBSD event auditing is and how to install and configure it, and checks or monitors audit accounting information.
This chapter describes how to use FreeBSD to manage storage media and file systems, including physical disks, raid arrays, optical and tape media, backup storage disks, and network file systems.
This section describes what the Geom framework in FreeBSD is and how to configure all levels of RAID supported by FreeBSD.
Discusses FreeBSD's support for non-native file systems, such as Sun's Z file system.
This chapter describes how to use the logical volume manager vinum. It provides device-independent logical disks and software raid-0, raid-1, and raid-5.
Describes the functions provided by the virtualization system and how to use them with FreeBSD.
This chapter describes how to use non-English languages on FreeBSD. It covers system and application-level localization.
This section describes the differences among FreeBSD-stable, FreeBSD-current, and FreeBSD Release versions. Describes how normal users keep up with the development process and benefit from it. Covers how to update your system to the latest security fixes of the release.
This chapter describes how to configure and use sun's dtrace tool on FreeBSD. Dynamic Tracing can help identify system performance bottlenecks through real-time system analysis.
This chapter explains how to connect the terminal and modem to the FreeBSD system, including dial-in and dial-out connections.
This chapter describes how to use FreeBSD to connect to a remote system by using PPP, slip, or Ethernet-based PPP (pppoe.
This chapter explains the different components of an email server and briefly discusses the most popular mail server software.Sendmail.
Provides detailed guidance and demonstration configuration files to illustrate how to use a freebsd machine as a Network File System server, domain name server, network information server, or time synchronization server.
Explains the principles of software-based firewalls, and provides detailed descriptions of several firewalls configured on FreeBSD.
Describes many network topics, including how to share Internet connections, advanced routing topics, wireless networks, Bluetooth, ATM, IPv6, and many advanced topics in your LAN.
Lists different resources for obtaining FreeBSD to install CDROM or dvdrom, and provides different Internet sites that allow you to freely download FreeBSD.
Since this manual involves many different topics, you may want more details. The bibliography lists many good books for reference when writing this book.
This article describes a lot of forums on FreeBSD that are useful to FreeBSD users to raise questions and exchange technical information.
Lists the PGP signature public keys of FreeBSD developers.
In order to keep this book consistent, and Yi xiaotte made the following conventions:
Typographical ConventionsItalicsIt is used to represent the mainstream usage of file names, URLs, and words and terminologies.
Equal widthThe font is used to indicate error messages, commands, environment variables, port names, host names, user names, group names, device names, variable names, and code snippets.
BoldIt is used to represent applications, commands, and keywords.
ButtonBoldTo highlight other texts. Key combination means the word is'+'During connection, press them at the same time, for example:
CTRL+ALT+Del
Indicates that you should pressCTRL,ALTAndDelKey.
Keywords typed in order are usually separated by commas (,). For example:
CTRL+X,CTRL+S
This means that the user should simultaneously pressCTRLAndXAnd then pressCTRLAndS.
ExampleToE: \>The example at the beginning represents a MS-DOS command. Unless otherwise stated, these commands can be executed in a modern Microsoft Windows "command line" Window environment.
E:\> tools\fdimage floppies\kern.flp A:
To#The example above indicates a command that must be executed as a freebsd superuser. You can useRootLog on to the account to enter these commands, or log on with a common account and then use SU (1) to obtain the superuser permission.
# dd if=kern.flp of=/dev/fd0
To%The example at the beginning indicates that the command should be executed by a common account. Unless otherwise stated, the environment variables and other shell commands used are both C-shell syntax.
% topThank you
What you see is the result of the efforts of hundreds of people around the world. Whether they just correct some mistakes or submit complete chapters, all contributions are very useful.
Some companies support document development by providing funds for authors to focus on document development and publishing funding. Among them, bsdi (subsequently incorporated into Wind River Systems) funded FreeBSD document Program Members to improve the book on a full-time basis until the publication of the first printed version (ISBN 1-March 2000-57176-8) in 241. Wind River systems also funded other authors to make many improvements to the output structure and add additional chapters to the article. The work ended printing the second edition (ISBN 1-November 2001-57176-1) in 303 ). FreeBSD mall paid for volunteers who improved the manual so that the printed version of the third edition could be published during the 2003-2004 period.
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