OpenStack Practice Guide

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Directory 1OpenStack introduction 2OpenStack installation 3OpenStack organization structure overview 4 introduction and development of OpenStack APIs 5Keystone certification component 6Glance Image component 7Nova computing component 8Neutron network components 9Cinder block storage component 10OpenStack routine O & M 11 use Fuel to quickly install OpenStack

Introduction to OpenStack

1. 2010, from NASA Nebula (previously used Eucalyptus) + Rackspace Swift
2. Vs CloudStack
   1. Members of the p7 Apache project are listed in the personal name, not the company they represent.
   2. Neutron accepts commands from virtual machines to define the network required by the VM, and then forwards the commands to the vSwitch and vro to create these networks (SDN ?)
   3. OpenStack is a distributed component model (cannot be hot-swappable ?), CloudStack is a plug-in model.
   4. Both support KVM, Xen, and VMWare. OpenStack also supports Hyper-V, PowerVM, LXC via libvirt, Baremental, QEMU, and Docker.
3. Create a VM instance
   1. Horizon converts users' HTTP requests to REST and distributes them to the Nova API. During this period, the image file is downloaded to the Nova node and configured on the virtual machine.
4. Non-core projects
   1. Ironic: how to manage the lifecycle of a physical machine?
      1. Predecessor: Nova baremental driver, mainly managed through PXE and IPMI?
   2. Tempest: function test and integration test; based on unittest2 and nose

OpenStack installation

1. OpenStack uses AMQP to implement RPC services: RabbitMQ, Qpid, and ZeroMQ.
2. Add the Havana source (Essex is used by default in Ubuntu 12.04)
   1. # Apt-get install-y python-software-properties
   2. # Add-apt-repository cloud-archive; avana
   3. # Apt-get update
   4. # Apt-get upgrade-y
   5. # Apt-get dist-upgrade-y
3. # Apt-get install-y ntp
4. # Apt-get install-y mysql-server python-mysqldb
   1. Sed-I "s/127.0.0.1/10.80.80.10/"/etc/mysql/my. conf (is it reliable to modify the mysql configuration file ?)
5. # Apt-get install-y rabbitmq-server
   1. Rabbitmqctl change_password guest NEWPWD
6. Install and deploy Keystone
   1. # Vi/etc/keystone. conf: admin_token?
   2. # Keystone-manage db_sync (somewhat rails style)
   3. P41 create Tenant, user, role (omitted)
      1. # Keystone user-role-add -- user admin -- role admin -- tenant admin
   4. Define Services and API Endpoints
7. Install the Glance Image component (mainly including glance-api and glance-registry services)
   1. Omitted
   2. # Glance image-create -- name my1stimg -- is-public true -- container-format bare -- disk-format qcow2 -- file a. img
8. Install the Neutron component (actual implementation dependency and lower-layer Open vSwitch and Nicira)
   1. After the Grizzly version was released, the network component was renamed as Neutron, which was previously called Quantum.
9. Install Nova (omitted)
10. Install Cinder (omitted)
11. Installing Horizon (omitted)
12. Installation of network nodes * (this part feels a little technical)
    1. Responsible for virtual machine network control, including DHCP, virtual routing, and public network access, using Open vSwitch as the underlying driver
13. Computing node installation
    1. Responsible for running virtual machines, KVM + libvirt
14. Installing block storage nodes (providing volume)
15. * Use source code compilation and installation on Ubuntu
    1. P68 learn DevStack
    2. P71 use tmux to start keystone (tmux looks like a good tool. What is the difference between it and general shell/ssh ?)
       1. $ Tmux new-session-s keystone
       2. $ Bin/keystone-all -- config-file/etc/keystone. conf
    3. Bottom

OpenStack organization structure overview

1. In Grizzly, nova-compute no longer interacts with databases, but uses the nova-conductor agent.

Introduction and development of OpenStack APIs

1. Nova API: use WSGI as the entry, and add Python components such as Routes, Webob, and Paste.
   1. Paging query: marker (name of the last record) limit end_marker
2. Understand Eventlet (Python library, dependent on Greenlet and select. epoll)
3. Custom Dashboard
   1. Horizon is based on Django

Keystone certification component

1. Haha, from this chapter, OpenStack is actually a Python programming language.

Glance Image component

1. Table structure: glance # \ dt
   1. Image_locations
   2. Images
   3. Migrate_version
2. Image status: queued saving active killed deleted pending_delete
3. Image format
   1. RAW
   2. Qcow2 (Copy on Write of QEMU)
   3. VHD (Microsoft's Virtual PC and Hyper-V)
   4. VMDK
   5. VDI
   6. ISO
   7. AKI, ARI, AMI
4. Delayed deletion? Glance-scrubber
5. Set backend storage: Ceph *
6. Create an image
   1. Omitted

Nova computing component

1. Virtual Machine (instance) Status: vm_state task_state power_state
   1. P194 in libvirt, virtual machines are defined as Domain, Dom for short
2. Context
   1. What is service_catalog?

Neutron network components

1. Virtual device: network subnet router port
2. P205 often installs multiple services on different nodes in an actual Neutron environment, which is hard for beginners to understand.
   1. Haha, it is not easy to configure network management. This is a technical barrier.
3. Plug-ins?
   1. ML2?
   2. Neutron-XXX-agent: DHCP, l3, metadata, LBaaS, FWaaS
4. Use Open vSwitch (OVS) plug-in
   1. Network Type: Provider/Tenant
   2. L3 agent: implements network-layer route forwarding and NAT; Floating IP

Cinder block storage component

1. Why is libvirt error caused by the IPC service?

Daily O & M of OpenStack

1. Centralized log management: rsyslog?

Use Fuel to quickly install OpenStack

OpenStack Practice Guide