Oracle
Oracle 9i Library Management Coaching (i)
How to install Oracle 9i Enterprise Edition for Linux
Original: November 2001 Linuxer Magazine
Author: What causes billions
Download the PDF file
Objective
Oracle 9i databases is a killer product of Oracle for the past few years, and its function and application are wide, and I have been startled by the first time I contacted the product specification for Oracle for many years! Suddenly a whole bunch of technical papers and white books came along, and there was no knowing where to start. So I spent a couple of months doing environmental testing and new functional research on various platforms, and to sort out the information in the hand, I hope to introduce to you the faithful reader of Linuxer magazine in the future.
Here's a little apology to the reader: I've written several articles about Oracle 8i repository management because I'm too busy with my work (which may just be my excuse!), plus Oracle 9i has been released. So I decided to temporarily stop the section's expertise and focus on Oracle 9i's related data. And thank you very much for this period of time to encourage and give advice to the reader friends, within the capacity allowed, I will try my best to organize the latest Oracle technology data. Of course, in addition to the Library management technology, I will also be asked to join the use of Java design Oracle 9i data Library application articles, please continue to give the evaluation guidance!
How Oracle is trying to get software
Because Oracle 9i has officially verified only SUSE Linux (7.1 and 7.2) on the Linux platform, I use the SUSE Linux 7.1 Professional version as a showcase for the platform. Oracle data Library is using Oracle 9i Enterprise Edition for Linux Intel Release 1 (9.0.1).
It must be very strange to know why Redhat Linux has not been proven by Oracle 9i? In fact, I am not clear about this! According to Redhat, it seems that the latest version is not available to Oracle for verification and test, so .... However, Redhat has recently made a formal presentation of the new version of Oracle in the future will be very strong support (may be scoid to bear it!), please wait and see.
Many people believe that Oracle 9i has been coveted for a long time. Let me begin by telling you how to prepare for the installation. In addition to the Linux operating system, how should we "get" Oracle 9i software? About this, I've already said in my February expertise, you can enroll in the Oracle Technology Network (OTN) website as a OTN member, and you can download any Oracle's latest technical files and software as a formal member of OTN. Note, however, that all downloaded software is granted the power to "program developers" (Developer License), although the full version of the functionality, but you can only use for testing or assessment, can not be used for business purposes!
Otn Web site: http://otn.oracle.com
Diagram One: Oracle Technology network
If you have not already done so, quickly click on the "Membership" icon in the top right corner of the homepage to register a new account! After you have successfully registered, go back to Otn and click on the "Downloads" under the left "Software" to click on the Oracle trial software you want to download.
Diagram II: Oracle software downloads
Please download Oracle 9i agreement Enterprise for Linux directly after signing the "program Development Permission Book" (Oracle Technology network Development License Edition). There are three files for Oracle 9i installation, Linux9i_Disk1.cpio.gz, Linux9i_Disk2.cpio.gz, Linux9i_Disk3.cpio.gz. Since all three files are compressed, you can take the following steps to decompress:
2. cpio file:
If you feel it's inconvenient to download this way, the OTN Web site also offers software subscription services, but this service, due to the maintenance of the system, will be up and about December, please pay attention to the information on the website!
System Requirements for installation
Operating system Requirements SuSE 7.1 (Kernel 2.4.4.) make-3.79, binutils-2.10
CPUPII 233 MHz above
Hard demand memory recommendations at least 512MB
Swap space is proposed to be two times the memory, at least 512MB or more
Disk Space Data Library system: 2 ~ 2.5 GB
Preset Data library: approx. 1GB
Data for a temporary record: at least 400MB
Registration: Oracle 9i Installation Oracle Universal Installer uses/TMP as the information for temporary records during the installation. If the remaining space in the/TMP record is insufficient, it is recommended that you set the environment variables such as TMP or TMPDIR to point to a sufficient number of spaces. But the record must open the right to write.
Install Oracle 9i Pre-processor
1. Before installing Oracle 9i, please download the following two files:
Download address under the download file name
orarun9i.rpmftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/supplementary/commercial/oracle/orarun9i.rpm
Java Development Kit (JDK) 1.3.1http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/download-linux.html
2. Set Oracle user account password (optional)
Previously installed with Oracle 8i for Linux readers should remember that before installation, you must first add a user account named Oracle in the Linux operating system, and a group that is dedicated to Oracle DBA. But the SuSE Linux version 7.1 has an Oracle account, and even groups (called Oinstall) are already set up after the operating system is installed! (The only difference is not knowing what the Oracle account's password is!) If a reader knows, please also send a mail to tell me so it is recommended that you use root to change the password of the Oracle user so that you do not have to know the password when you log in with an Oracle account. The way to change the password is as follows:
> passwd Oracle
3. Perform orarun9i.rpm
This step is probably the strangest part of you, and here's what to say first:
Since Oracle 9i is installed, it is necessary to set up a relational environment variable and a shared memory group. In fact, these jobs are really trivial! So the SuSE company has provided this RPM file, and will do it by itself, with most of the configurations set up (which is the place I most appreciate suse, and I hope R can learn a lot!). ) 。 Of course, you can also make the necessary adjustments according to the reality.
You can use root to execute the following instructions:
> RPM-UVH orarun9i.rpm
The following two files will be added to the operating system.
/etc/profile.d/oracle.sh set Oracle_home, Oracle_base, Oracle_sid ... and other environmental variables.
/etc/rc.config.d/oracle.rc.config set the values of the parameters of the shared memory.
All of these files can be modified in the actual environment, but if you are the first to install the reader advice you will still use the preset settings better.
Map III:/etc/profile.d/oracle.sh file contents
Map IV:/etc/rc.config.d/oracle.rc.config's file.
Registration 1: The Oracle_sid name in/etc/profile.d/oracle.sh is called ORCL, and if you do not want to use this name, you can modify it after you have changed the nature of the file. For example, I change Oracle_sid to ora901.
Note 2: The most important shared memory parameters are Shmmax, and the recommended setting is (half of the memory). For example, my installed server memory is 512MB, and Shmmax can be set to 256MB, as follows:
256 MB = (1mb=1048576 bytes) *256 = 268435456 bytes
4. Install JDK
There are two formats for the download of JDK for Linux on the Sun site, one is. bin file, and the other is. rpm file. The modes of installation are as follows:
J2sdk-1_3_1-linux-i386.bin's installation mode
1 copy J2sdk-1_3_1-linux-i386.bin to the desired installation of the catalogue, such as:/usr/local.
2) Change file is "can be executed":
> chmod a+x j2sdk-1_3_1-linux-i386.bin
3) to perform the JDK installation program
>/j2sdk-1_3_1-linux-i386.bin
It will then produce a jdk-1.3.1.i386.rpm file under the current work record.
2 Install JDK Program kit with RPM directive:
> Rpm-iv jdk-1.3.1.i386.rpm
After you have completed several of these preparations. Then you can officially start installing Oracle 9i.
Use Oracle Universal Installer for installation
Once you have completed all of your predecessor's actions, please login to the system using the Oracle account. It is recommended that you perform the ENV directive to confirm that all environment variables are set:
# env
Next, please switch to the Oracle 9i first film in the catalogue for the installation program, I was installed on the CD-ROM, the way to install the installation program:
#./cdrom/runinstaller
(/cdrom is the name of the mount of the CD-ROM machine)
If you are using a CD-ROM installation, please do not switch to/cdrom to perform the Runinstaller, for reasons.
After the Oracle Universal Installer installation is in motion, you can see the following picture five:
You can start the formal installation by jumping into the welcome screen.
STEP1: Setting the location of Oracle Inventory
First you must specify the location of the Oracle inventory. Oracle inventory is used to record all installed Oracle products, and if there are no special requirements, please follow the preset/opt/oracle/orainventory.
Chart VI: Set the Oracle Inventory's catalogue.
STEP2: Set to update Oracle software as an operating system group
The group that is set up here is used to update Oracle software, and if you decide that only root users will have the right to update Oracle software, do not specify any group names. Because the SUSE Linux installation is done by adding an Oracle account to the Oinstall group, the UNIX group name Bar first shows the Oinstall and press "Next" to continue!
Diagram VII: Set to update Oracle software's operating system group.
STEP3: Build Oracle Inventory
Oracle Universal Installer has prepared a orainstroot.sh file for the establishment of Oracle inventory (located in/tmp/orainstroot.sh), but this file is required to be performed using root. You can then open a final window to perform the file, as shown in figure nine. After you finish, go back to the eight window and press "Continue".
Picture eight: Perform the orainstroot.sh window.
Diagram IX: Perform orainstroot.sh to establish Oracle Inventory catalogue.
STEP4: Specifies the Oracle installation program to source and destination
Oracle Home is the primary catalogue of Oracle Data Library systems. Because the oracle_home is set to be/opt/oracle/product/9.0.1 in the/etc/profile.d/oracle.sh, the path in the lower destination will have the Oracle_home set value. There's no need to make any changes here.
Map x: Specify Oracle installation Source and destination
STEP5: Choose the type of Oracle 9i product you want to install
Please tick "Oracle 9i Database 9.0.1.0.0" and press "next".
Chart 11: Select the Oracle 9i product type you want to install.
STEP6: Select Oracle 9i Data library version
If you are installing an Oracle library system for the first time, it is recommended that you choose either "Enterprise Edition" or "Standard Edition". Only those who have an installation experience can choose the "Custom" way of deciding which kit to install.
Map 12: Choose Oracle 9i Repository version.
STEP7: Deciding on a basic group of databases
Assuming that your previous step was to select Enterprise Edition or Standard Edition, you would appear in the window of database configuration. You can choose the best form for the Oracle Repository's actual use. For example, you can choose to use the "Data Warehouse" option if it is for the online analysis environment used to build the data barn. Here we first select general purpose.
Map 13: Decide on the basic group of databases.
STEP8: Setting the knowledge of Oracle databases
The Oracle Repository version from 8i is the only one Oracle Database that is used with global databases name. It is recommended that you set the name of the library to be named Oracle SID. Domain name. For example, I set the Oracle SID as Ora901, and the name of the data library can be ora901.uuu.com.tw.
Image 14: Set Oracle SID and data library names.
STEP9: Specifies the set of characters used by the data library.
A character set (Character set) is one of the most important settings for building an Oracle library, and if you set bugs, you probably won't be able to access Chinese resources properly! The preset character set is WE8ISO8859P1, and you can select the "traditional Chinese.zht16big5" character set that holds the text from the Drop-down menu of the third option below.
Map 15: Set the character sets used by the data library.
STEP10: Set the JDK location
The last setting is to specify the installation of the JDK. Please set the location where you actually install the JDK.
Diagram 16: Set the JDK location.
When you press "Next", Oracle Universal Installer displays a summary of the Oracle 9i products to be installed, and then presses "Install" to start the file copy and install the installation.
Chart 17: Oracle Product Summary to install.
Depending on the hard environment you use, it can take up to a few minutes or even one or two hours to install. The trouble is that you need to change the disc in the middle of the road, so you can only watch the magazine.
It's been a while. A window will be added to the screen to remind you to put a second installation of Oracle 9i on the CD. If you are installing from the compressed data source of your hard disk, you can simply switch to the second piece of installation program. But if it's from a disc-mounted reader, it's possible that the disc doesn't retract!? Please refer to the following steps to change the disc:
1. Open another terminal window.
2. Perform umount instructions and uninstall the CD-ROM machine.
> Unmount/cdrom
3. Change to the second piece of installation program.
4. Re-mount the CD-ROM machine.
> Mount/cdrom
And then you can continue the installation!
Map 18: The installation program is in the file copy.
Registration: Maybe some readers will find a problem: After the umount instruction, they receive the message "Device is busy", can not unload the CD machine and change the disc! Remember when I was doing the Runinstaller, did I remind you not to do it under the/cdrom? If you switch to/cdrom to perform Runinstaller, the CD will be locked and cannot be umount by the system. Unless you can find out which process is holding the CD, use ROOT to kill it! otherwise ..... I have to come back again!!
STEP11: The system installed in a set of configurations
By the time the installer copies all files to the system, the installer will again require you to perform the root.sh program as root (where the Oracle_home points to the catalogue, such as/opt/oracle/product/9.0.1).
Map 19: The System Environment setting hints window.
Map 20: Use ROOT to execute the root.sh program.
At this point you can perform root.sh (note that identity needs to be switched to root) at another end window. The program asks you where the bin is, and if you have the same value as the preset, press the "Enter" key directly, or you will need to input the correct bin location. After you perform the root.sh, go back to the setup by pressing "OK" in the view window of chart 19.
STEP12: Perform Oracle data repository tools
The last stage of system installation will automatically execute the data library's program, there are two special helper Goblins: Oracle Web Settings The support for the sperm (Oracle Net Configuration Assistant) and Oracle Data Library to build the support Spirit (Oracle Database Configuration Assistant).
Image 21: Perform an Oracle repository tool.
The first self performed is the Oracle Web setting, which enables you to manage Oracle Instance, Web service name (Net service name), and other Oracle through the Internet, as it is monitored by the Oracle Data Library server. 9i Data Library's relative settings. Because we are installing Oracle 9i for the first time, you can press Cancel to cancel the essence, and then if you need to proceed with the NETCA instruction, you can activate the program.
Map 22: Oracle Web Settings help the spirit to welcome the screen.
The second step is to install an Oracle Web Server in Port 7777. After that, you'll be activating the most important Oracle database to build the organization's spirit (Oracle Databases Configuration Assistant, simple DBCA). This step is necessary because Oracle Universal Installer has only installed an Oracle 9i library server in your system and has not built any Oracle databases! (It feels a bit like building a library, but there's no book!) Is this library going to work? So we have to build our first Oracle 9i repository with DBCA. Of course, DBCA is not the only way to build an Oracle repository, and then I'll go into details about how the Oracle 9i repository works, and then introduce other ways to build Oracle databases and pay attention.
Build Oracle 9i Databases with Oracle Database Configuration Assistant
When the DBCA is inspired, you will be greeted with the following icon, please press "next" to continue.
Map 23: Oracle Database Configuration Assistant Welcome to the screen.
1. Select the work to be performed by DBCA
The Oracle Library Build group provides management for three of databases, in particular, the creation and removal of databases, and the change of data library configurations. Oracle 9i's DBCA also adds a new feature: The Data library's management function (Manage Templates). Please select the first "Create Database".
Map 24: Select the work that DBCA will perform.
2. Select the profile you want to build the library.
DBCA offers three preset types:
(1). Data Warehouse: Build the Data barn storage, online analysis system with the data library.
(2). Transaction Processing: Build the online trading system using the data library.
(3) General purpose: establishment of a generic functional library.
Map 25: Select the profile you want to build the data library.
It is recommended that the first installation reader choose the "general purpose" option.
Tables I, two or three, and four or five organize the parameters of the "General purpose" option,
For your readers to participate in the examination.
Table I: Preset values for general parameters
Control file
{Oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/control01.ctl
{Oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/control02.ctl
{Oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/control03.ctl
Table V: Reset the reference preset for the transaction record group
Group Size (K)
1 102400
2 102400
3 102400
If you are already familiar with how to set up the data library parameters, do not want to use the above three kinds of information to build the library. You can use the fourth option, "New database", to set up all Oracle library parameters. But if you're not very experienced in this area, advise you not to use the option to build a library!
Tables six or seven, eight or nine, and 11 or 11 set out the parameters of the "New Database" system, for your readers to make the reference:
Table VI: Preset values for general parameters
Option Name Selected
Example Schemas True
Oracle intermedia True
Oracle JVM True
Oracle Label Security False
Oracle Spatial True
Oracle Ultra Search True
Table VIII: Control file Parameters Preset
Control file
{Oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/control01.ctl
{Oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/control02.ctl
{Oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/control03.ctl
Table IX: Parameters preset for table spaces
Status Name Type Extent Management
ONLINE Drsys Permanent Local
ONLINE EXAMPLE Permanent Local
ONLINE INDX Permanent Local
ONLINE SYSTEM Permanent DICTIONARY
ONLINE TEMP Temporary Local
ONLINE TOOLS Permanent Local
ONLINE Undotbs Permanent, UNDO Local
ONLINE USERS Permanent Local
Table x: Reference preset values for the data stock file
Status Name tablespace Size (M)
ONLINE {oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/drsys01.dbf Drsys 20480
ONLINE {oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/example01.dbf EXAMPLE 10240
ONLINE {oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/indx01.dbf INDX 25
ONLINE {oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/system01.dbf SYSTEM 325
ONLINE {oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/temp01.dbf TEMP 40
ONLINE {oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/tools01.dbf TOOLS 10
ONLINE {ORACLE_BASE}/ORADATA/{DB_NAME}/UNDOTBS01.DBF Undotbs 200
ONLINE {oracle_base}/oradata/{db_name}/users01.dbf USERS 25
3. Input into the new library of information
Maybe everyone will feel strange, why do you have to specify a library of knowledge, in the installation time STEP8 not set once? Because an Oracle databases server allows you to build multiple Oracle databases, every time you perform a DBCA instruction to launch an Oracle repository to build the spirit, the spirit will ask you about the knowledge of your new library. Here, you can confirm that the input data and STEP8
Consistent.
Map 26: Identify the new data library's knowledge.
4. Decide the mode of the data library
The Oracle 9i Data library is divided into two modes for client-side connectivity:
Dedicated Server mode for each client connection, the data library is configured with a separate system
system resources. Suitable for the following two situations:
I. There are not many client-side connections.
II. The client is executed for the batch of routine processing, which is performed longer.
Shared Server mode has multiple client connections that share the same system resources and are suitable for more client-side connections. Selecting this mode will simultaneously activate the Oracle's multiple-execute server function.
Because it is a test environment, please select "Dedicated Server Mode" first.
5. Set the Oracle data library starting parameters
Because the priority of the initial parameters will directly affect the performance of the data library, unless you understand the meaning and setting of the parameters, do not try to get the value of the setting. Please press "next" directly to proceed to the next steps.
Diagram 28: Set the starting parameters for the data library.
6. Confirm the location of the data file
In the left half of the database storage window, a tree chart lists the location of each file in the current data library. If you want to change your file storage location, press the "File Location Variables" button in the lower right corner to adjust.
Map 29: Confirm the location of the data file.
7. Choose whether or not to create a new data library
In the end you can save DBCA's setup as a new repository so that it can be used in the future when a new library is created. The way is to check the "Save as a Database Templates" option and then enter a new Name in the "Names" section.
Chart 30: Choose whether to create a new repository.
Pressing the "Finish" button in the window of picture 30 will show you the window of Image 31, reminding you that some of the reset transaction records in your system are overwritten when the data library is established. There is no reason to have this warning, press "Yes".
Image 31: DBCA warning messages.
8. Finally, confirm that all the data library settings
DBCA will eventually put all of the library's settings into a single list, and when you press "OK" DBCA starts building a new library.
Map 32: Make sure that all the data library settings are set.
When the window of the 33 is done! Please remember the password for the SYS and System management preset accounts, divided into Change_on_install and manager. For security considerations, remember to change the password for these two accounts after logging in to the library. You can finish the Oracle Universal Installer installation by pressing "Exit".
Map 33: The information library has been built to complete the hint window.
Test the Oracle 9i library after installation
It's not easy to install the Oracle 9i Data Library system after all, and then come to experience the results! At this point, you can use the Oracle Library's client tool Sql*plus to log into the Oracle repository by Sqlplus instructions in the operating system:
> Sqlplus
After activating the Sql*plus, you can use the system-supplied user account Scott (password for tiger) to log into the Oracle library. Then try to execute the following instructions to search the EMP form in the data library:
Sql> select Empno,ename,sal from emp;
Map 34: Use Sql*plus to log in to Oracle databases.
Then remember
Is it not clear that we can complete the Oracle 9i installation with all the steps I have described? Maybe some of the readers are feeling a bit overwhelmed! In fact, Oracle databases are really complex in the public library, not only the installation system's step-by-step trivial, the management technology of the library is extensive and profound! But also because of this, the value of the post-Oracle data library is really different. From the beginning of the next issue, I'll start with the basic Oracle Library usage and officially lead you to the Oracle 9i World, and we'll see you next time!
Author Simple
Why billions of dollars, American Oracle Company's special consultant
The development of a technical consultant in the information system.
It is dedicated to the management of large relational library systems such as Oracle, SQL Server, Data barn, and the data library application system. It has MCSD, mcdba,oracle Ocp,rhce,scjp,borland jbuilder Product certified, and other ten other international verification. Efforts are being made to develop the oracle9i system and to take responsibility for the Oracle9i series of books in culture and Oracle Press Technical School manuscript work. At the same time, he was also the original factory of American Oracle, Sun, and so on. You can contact him through hochihyi@ms64.hinet.net.
Translated as oracle9i (oracle9i A beginner ' s Guide)
Oracle9i Technical Manual (Oracle9i DBA Handbook)
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