Organize Linux to view some of the frequently used commands for system logs

Organize Linux to view some of the frequently used commands for system logs

Last

-a the host name or IP address from which to log in to the system, displayed on the last line.
-d Specifies the record file. Specifies the record file. Converts an IP address into a host name.
-F < record file > specify record file.

-N < Show columns > or-< Show columns > set the number of displayed columns for the list.
-R does not display the host name or IP address of the login system.
-X displays information such as system shutdown, another boot, and changes in operational levels

Here's a look at the full reboot, shutdown record

Last | grep Rebootlast | grep shutdown

History

List all the history records:

[[email protected]] # History

Just list the latest 10 records:

[[email protected]] # History 10 (note, history and 10 have spaces in between)

Run the command using the command record number, run the 99th command in the history list

[[email protected]] #!99 (! And 99 no spaces in the middle)

Run the previous command repeatedly

[Email Protected]linux] #!!

Run the last command that starts with RPM (!?? Represents a string that can be randomly lost, the shell will search forward from the last history command, and the first match will be run. )

[[email protected]] #!rpm

List all history by screen:

[[Email protected]]# History | More

Clear the history of all historical commands now.

[[email protected]] #history-C

cat, tail and watch

All of the system's logs are under/var/log (detailed use can be self-check, appendix lists some frequently used logs)

Cat/var/log/syslog et Cat/var/log/*.log

tail-f

Assume that the log is updated. How to view tail-f/var/log/messages in real time

can also use watch-d-N 1 cat/var/log/messages

-d means highlighting different places, and-n indicates how many seconds are refreshed.

This instruction does not return directly to the command line, but instead prints the newly added content in the log file in real time.
This feature is useful for viewing logs. If you want to terminate the output, press CTRL + C.

In addition to more, less, dmesg|more, here does not make a list, because of the command too much, the key to see personal preferences and business needs. The ones that are often used by individuals

Linux log file description

/var/log/message system startup information and error logs are one of the most frequently used logs in red Hat Linux
/var/log/secure Security-related log information
/var/log/maillog message-related log information
/var/log/cron log information related to timed tasks
/var/log/spooler log information related to UUCP and news devices
/var/log/boot.log Daemon starts and stops related log messages
/var/log/wtmp This log file permanently records every user logon, logoff, and system startup, downtime events

Extended Reading

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Organize Linux to view some of the frequently used commands for system logs