(Original) Oracle Database Introduction

Oracle Database Introduction
1. Grid Architecture
1.1 advantages of grid computing
Provide service quality, reduce costs, and increase flexibility
1.2 grid computing Definition
The grid computing method is to regard the collection of various resources as an overall pool, and then develop and use each independent resource in the overall pool.
1.3 grid computing principles
* Virtualization: Extracts resources of virtual individuals and puts them into the pool according to their types for users to use.
* Provisioning: the requester sends a request to the server through the Virtual Layer. The server backend regards its resources as a whole and optimizes the search for various resources to complete user requests.
1.4 grid infrastructure
Including hardware, network, and software.
1.5 grid applications
Application Resources in the grid are business logic encoding and transaction flows in application software. Grid computing uses some business logic as resources, enhancing reusability and flexibility.
1.6 Information Grid
Information is large, but scattered and unavailable. In contrast, grid computing treats information as a whole resource.
1.7 grid resources work independently and best combination
Using a grid to manage any IT resources-infrastructure, application, or information, regardless of other resources, enterprises can achieve high quality, ease of use, and low costs.
1.8 grid computing in Oracle 10g
Server virtualization alization: Oracle Real Application Clusters can be a database running on multiple group nodes in the grid to provide load balancing.
Storage Virtualization: Oracle Automatic Storage Management is a virtualization layer between the database and storage. All hard disks can be seen as one hard disk.
Grid Management: the grid pool combines multiple servers and hard disks and distributes them for different purposes.
1.9 standard Web Service Support: Oracle Application Server 10 Gb, DML and DDL can be used as Web Services for operations. Oracle Enterprise Manager 10 Gb supports service-oriented architecture by monitoring and managing network services.
1.10 data supply
Oracle large-scale data migration tools include transportable tablespaces and Data Pump. The characteristics of ORACLE data streams can capture and spread changes to database transactions, so as to maintain data synchronization. It integrates traditional data sharing mechanisms, such as message queues, events, notifications, and publishing/subscription.
1.11 centralized data management: integrate different information types

2. Application Architecture
2.1 Client/Server Architecture
2.2 multi-layer architecture
Customer
Application Server
Database Server

3. Physical Architecture
3.1 Data Files
Stores data and Logical Data organizations. One or more data files form a tablespace.
3.2 Control File
The physical structure of the database, including the database name, data file and log file storage address and name.
3.3 redo log files
Used for data recovery. Archive logs exist in the archive mode.
3.4 parameter file
Stores database configuration parameters.
3.5 trace files
Tracking Error
3.6 backup files

4. logical architecture
4.1 tablespace
The database is divided into several tablespaces.
4.2 Data blocks
Minimum unit of the database, which is initialized in the db_block_size parameter.
4.3 extents
Near the composition of the database. Store Data details.
Section 4.4
Includes data segment, index segment, temporary segment, and rollback segment.

5 Schemas and common schema objects
The solution is a collection of database objects. A schema is owned by a database user and named after the user.
5.1 tables
5.2 Indexes
5.3 views
5.4 clusters: a set of tables with the same columns
5.5 Synonyms: alias, which is stored in the data dictionary

6. Data Dictionary
It stores the logic and physical structure of the database, the integrity constraints of users and tables, and the utilization of tablespaces.

7 Oracle routine
The collection of background processes and memory buffers becomes an oracle instance.
7.1 instance Memory Structures
7.1.1 system global area
Each routine has an independent SGA, including database buffers, redo log buffer, and shared pool.
7.1.2 program Global Area
7.2 Oracle background processes

8. Database Access
Oracle Net Services is a communication protocol interface mechanism.

9 Oracle database features

After reading some English documents, translate them as needed. :-)
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