Other commands for Linux compression and packaging

Other commands for Linux compression and packaging-general Linux technology-Linux technology and application information. For details, refer to the following section. Gzip and zcat commands
[Root @ linux ~] # Gzip [-cdt #] File Name
[Root @ linux ~] # Zcat file name .gz
Parameters:
-C: outputs compressed data to the screen and can be processed through data stream redirection;
-D: extract parameters;
-T: it can be used to check the consistency of a compressed file ~ Check whether the file has any errors;
-#: Compression level.-1 is the fastest, but the compression ratio is the worst.-9 is the slowest, but the compression ratio is the best! Default Value:-6 ~
Example:
Example 1: Set/etc/man. config? To/tmp and compressed with gzip
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # cp/etc/man. config.
[Root @ linux tmp] # gzip man. config
# At this time, man. config will become man.config.gz!

Example 2: Read the content of Example 1!
[Root @ linux tmp] # zcat man.config.gz
# The man.config.gz extracted file content is displayed on the screen !!

Example 3: Decompress the file in Example 1
[Root @ linux tmp] # gzip-d man.config.gz

Example 4: compress man. config unlocked in Example 3 with the optimal compression ratio and keep the original file
[Root @ linux tmp] # gzip-9-c man. config> man.config.gz


Bzip2, bzcat command

[Root @ linux ~] # Bzip2 [-cdz] File Name
[Root @ linux ~] # Bzcat file name .bz2
Parameters:
-C: output the data generated during the compression process to the screen!
-D: extracted Parameters
-Z: Compression Parameters
-#: Same as gzip, it is used to calculate the compression ratio.-9 is the best, and-1 is the fastest!
Example:
Example 1: compress/tmp/man. config with bzip2
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzip2-z man. config
# At this time, man. config will become man.config.bz2!

Example 2: Read the content of Example 1!
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzcat man.config.bz2
# The man.config.bz2 extracted file content is displayed on the screen !!

Example 3: Decompress the file in Example 1
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzip2-d man.config.bz2

Example 4: compress man. config unlocked in Example 3 with the optimal compression ratio and keep the original file
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzip2-9-c man. config> man.config.bz2

Compress command

[Root @ linux ~] # Compress [-dcr] file or directory
Parameters:
-D: extract parameters.
-R: It can be compressed together with files in the directory!
-C: output compressed data to standard output (output to the screen)
Example:
Example 1: Set/etc/man. config? To/tmp and compress it
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # cp/etc/man. config.
[Root @ linux tmp] # compress man. config
[Root @ linux tmp] # ls-l
-Rw-r -- 1 root 2605 Jul 27 :43 man. config. Z

Example 2: Unlock the compressed file
[Root @ linux tmp] # compress-d man. config. Z

Example 3: compress man. config into another file for backup
[Root @ linux tmp] # compress-c man. config> man. config. back. Z
[Root @ linux tmp] # ll man. config *
-Rw-r -- 1 root 4506 Jul 27 :43 man. config
-Rw-r -- 1 root 2605 Jul 27 :46 man. config. back. Z
# This-c parameter is interesting! He will output the data from the compression process to the screen, instead of writing the data
# File. Z file. Therefore, we can output data to another file name through data stream redirection.
# Concerning data stream redirection, we will discuss it in detail in bash shell!

Dd command

[Root @ linux ~] # Dd if = "input_file" of = "outptu_file" bs = "block_size "\
Count = "number"
Parameters:
If: input file ??? Department tip Yun kiss Dad Mian FU? Br/> of: output file ~ It can also be a device;
Bs: the size of a planned block. If no value is set, the default value is 512 bytes.
Count: the number of bs.
Example:

Example 1: back up/etc/passwd to/tmp/passwd. back
[Root @ linux ~] # Dd if =/etc/passwd of =/tmp/passwd. back
3 + 1 records in
3 + 1 records out
[Root @ linux ~] # Ll/etc/passwd/tmp/passwd. back
-Rw-r -- 1 root 1746 Aug 25 14:16/etc/passwd
-Rw-r -- 1 root 1746 Aug 29 16:57/tmp/passwd. back
# Take a closer look. The size of my/etc/passwd file is 1746 bytes, because I have not set bs,
# Therefore, the default value is 512 bytes. Therefore, the above 3 + 1 indicates three complete
#512 bytes, and another block under 512 bytes!
# In fact, it seems like the cp command ~

Example 2: backup/dev/hda MBR
[Root @ linux ~] # Dd if =/dev/hda of =/tmp/mbr. back bs = 512 count = 1
1 + 0 records in
1 + 0 records out
# What should I do? How can this problem be solved ??? Yi invasion? Le? The MBR is 512 bytes,
# It is the first sector on the hard disk. Therefore, I can use this method
# Record all the data in the MBR. It's really amazing! Pai_^

Example 3: Back up the entire/dev/hda1 partition.
[Root @ linux ~] # Dd if =/dev/hda1 of =/some/path/filenaem
# This command is amazing! Back up all the content of the entire partition ~
# The following of must not be in the/dev/hda1 directory ~ Otherwise, you cannot finish reading ~
# This action is very useful. If you need to complete the content of the entire partition in the next day,
# You can use dd if =/some/file of =/dev/hda1 to write data to the hard disk.
# If you want to back up the entire hard disk, it is similar to Norton's ghost software,
# From disk to disk, hey ~ You can use dd ~ Amazing!

Cpio command

[Root @ linux ~] # Cpio-covB> [file | device] <= backup
[Root @ linux ~] # Cpio-icduv <[file | device] <= restore
Parameters:
-O: copy the data to a file or device.
-I: copy the data from a file or device to the system.
-T: view the files or device content created by cpio
-C: A new portable format Storage Method
-V: enables the file name to be displayed on the screen during storage.
-B: Increase the preset Blocks size to 5120 bytes. The default value is 512 bytes!
This improves the storage speed of large files (refer to the I-nodes concept)
-D: automatically create a directory! The contents of cpio may not be in the same directory,
In this case, there will be problems in the anti-backup process! If-d is added at this time,
You can automatically create the required directory!
-U: automatically overwrites older files!
Example:
Example 1: Write all information on the system to the tape drive!
[Root @ linux ~] # Find/-print | cpio-covB>/dev/st0
# Generally, the serial number of the tape drive using the SCSI interface is/dev/st0!

Example 2: Check what files exist on the tape drive?
[Root @ linux ~] # Cpio-icdeep </dev/st0
[Root @ linux ~] # Cpio-icvt </dev/st0>/tmp/content
# In the first action, the files in the drive will be listed on the screen, and we can use the second action,
# Record all file names to the/tmp/content file!

Example 3: Restore the information on the tape ~
[Root @ linux ~] # Cpio-icduv </dev/st0
# Generally, the serial number of the tape drive using the SCSI interface is/dev/st0!

Example 4: Back up all the "Files" under/etc to/root/etc. cpio!
[Root @ linux ~] # Find/etc-type f | cpio-o>/root/etc. cpio
# In this way, you can back up ???? ? Persimmon string cpio-I </root/etc. cpio
# To capture the information!