Overview of C Run-time functions

Argument Access (parameter access): variable-length argument list. This module provides three macros: Va_arg, Va_end, and Va_start, which enable access to variable-length parameter lists.

Buffer manipulation (memory operation): Handles memory regions by byte. Main functions: memcpy, Memmove, memset and so on.

BYTE Classification (byte Class): Used to test special bytes that meet certain conditions in multibyte characters. For example: Isleadbyte. The sense of use is not very wide, for the moment ignore.

Character Classification (character classification): Used to test single-character, wide characters, or multibyte characters that meet certain conditions. Ignore it for the moment.

Data Alignment (byte-aligned): supports byte-aligned memory allocation and reclamation functions. For example: _aligned_free, _aligned_malloc and so on.

Data Conversion: Implements conversions between data types, such as shaping to a string. Main functions: Atof, Atoi, Itoa and so on.

Debug Routines (Debug routines): Helps developers diagnose and debug. Provides assertions, heap memory tracing, and memory leak checking. This module function is mainly based on window.

Directory Control: Provides methods for accessing, modifying, and retrieving directory structure information. such as _chdir, _mkdir and so on.

Error handling (fault handling): handler error. Main content: Assert macro, _eof, _feof and so on.

Exception Handling (Exception handling): The process uses the C + + exception handler function to recover from an unexpected event during run time. There's a C + + thing in here.

File handling: Create, delete, and manipulate files, and check and set access permissions for files. File operations are mainly related to the file system, the file system and the operating system is closely connected, so this module is mainly for the Windows system.

floating-point supports (floating point support): Provides floating-point support.

Input and output (inputs and outputs): input and output modules. The Microsoft Runtime Library has three types of I/O methods: Stream I/O, low-level I/O, Console and port I/O.

Memory Allocation: Main content is _alloca, malloc, new, etc.

Process and environment control (processes and environment controls): Use Process Control routines to start, stop, and manage processes. Use environment control routines to obtain and adapt environment information for the operating system. Main contents: Abort, Atexit, exit, getenv, _getpid, _pipe, signal and so on.

robustness (robustness): Use the function of this module to enhance the robustness of the program, related functions: _set_new_handler, Set_terminate, set_unexpected and so on.

run-time Error Checking (run-time error checking): Checks and reports a run-time error. Main functions: _RTC_GetErrDesc, _RTC_NumErrors, _RTC_SetErrorFunc, and _RTC_SetErrorType.

Searching and sorting (search and sort): This module lists four functions: bsearch (binary lookup), _lfind (linear lookup), _lsearch (linear lookup, missed elements are added to the end of the list), Qsort (Quick Row).

String manipulation (string manipulation): string-related operations, including single-byte characters, wide characters, multibyte characters. Common functions are: sprintf, strcpy, Strftime, strlen, and so on.

System Calls (System call): Systems call for Windows. such as: _findclose, _findfirst, etc.

Time Management: Time -dependent functions. Common functions: Clock, Difftime, Gmtime, LocalTime, Mktime, strftime, time, and so on.

Overview of C Run-time functions