Post: diabetes, sweet to sorrow

Diabetes, sweet to sorrow

Published by dalunding on 09:57:35
Http://www.guokr.com/article/68094/

Rumor: diabetes is caused by high sugar consumption. If you want to use insulin for treatment, it means you are already ill.

Truth: the relationship between diabetes and sugar consumption is hard to understand. Some people think that eating less sugar at ordinary times can avoid diabetes, and diabetes is caused by eating too much sugar. This is actually incorrect. Simply eating more sugar only causes diabetes mellitus.

Is diabetes caused by high sugar consumption?
The amount of sugar in the blood exceeds the re-absorption capacity of the kidney. Because sugar is the most important energy-supplying material for the human body, the sugar temporarily unavailable to the body will not be discharged with the urine, but will be stored by the body. When sugar reaches the kidney, it is first filtered out into the original urine, and then the renal tubular will re-absorb the sugar in the original urine back into the blood, this process is called glucose re-absorption. When the concentration of sugar in the blood is less than 160 mg/dl, all sugar will be re-absorbed back to the blood by the renal tube, so there will be no sugar in the urine. However, when the concentration of sugar in the blood is greater than 180 mg/dl, because the amount of sugar flowing through the renal tubular is too high per minute, it exceeds the capacity of the renal tubular re-absorption (the critical value of this re-absorption capacity, called the kidney sugar threshold ), sugar that cannot be retained will be discharged with the urine to form a sequence.

The reason for the sugar in the urine of diabetic patients is not because the sugar is too much to eat, but because the body cannot take advantage of the sugar. After a normal person eats sugar, the body will soon use sugar for energy supply or storage, and the blood sugar concentration quickly falls below the kidney sugar threshold. After people with diabetes eat sugar, the body can neither use sugar nor store sugar, but let it come to the kidney with blood. At this time, the sugar in the blood is much greater than that in normal people, it is easy to exceed the kidney sugar threshold, resulting in blood loss.

From diabetes to high blood sugar to various complications
The occurrence of diabetes is ultimately caused by the inability of the body to effectively use sugar. Insulin is the only biological substance in the human body that can reduce blood sugar and promote blood sugar utilization. Most people with diabetes have problems with insulin.

There are two types of insulin problems: insufficient secretion and insufficient effect. Type 1 diabetes is caused by insufficient insulin secretion. Insufficient insulin secretion is mainly caused by the production of antibodies against pancreatic B cells in the body. Because of the presence of these antibodies, the B cells of the insulin are damaged and the insulin cannot be effectively secreted. Type 2 diabetes is caused by a reduction in the sensitivity of peripheral tissue and organs to insulin, or the occurrence of insulin resistance, which causes insulin to become ineffective even if it is secreted.

Due to high blood sugar and increased blood osmotic pressure, patients may be thirsty and drink more; while high-sugar urine may lead to Osmotic diuretic, resulting in polyuria; sugar cannot be effectively used, if the body is unable to provide energy to the material, it will often feel hungry and the amount of meals will increase. Likewise, due to insufficient energy, people will slowly lose weight, this is the cause of diabetes mellitus, such as drinking more, drinking more urine, eating more, and losing weight.

If it only causes thirst, weight loss, and fatigue, diabetes will not cause any harm to the human body. However, high-sugar blood may cause vascular endothelial damage, which leads to lesions of the microvessels and large vessels, leading to many serious problems. For example, microvessels in the fundus may cause Fundus atherosclerosis and bleeding, affecting vision. Vascular lesions at the tip of the limbs may cause numbness in the limbs, no sensitivity, and other symptoms. Serious people may even feel depression, and they are not aware of hot water burns. Arterial lesions that accumulate in intracranial vessels, coronary artery, aorta, renal artery, and lower extremity artery, which may cause chronic diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease, heavy may lead to acute complications such as lower extremity Noma, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, and pose a threat to life.

In addition, body fluids, high blood sugar and high osmotic pressure can cause problems such as wound healing and infection. The wound infection of people with diabetes is often a very difficult problem for doctors.

Is insulin the final choice?
Many patients are highly resistant to using insulin, and think that using insulin is the best way to get rid of the disease, or think that insulin is the last no medicine available, which is actually incorrect.

For patients with type 1 diabetes, these patients themselves have very low levels of insulin and need immediate insulin control after diagnosis (generally they may use ultra-long-acting Insulin + ultra-short-acting insulin to simulate physiological secretion ). For type 2 diabetes, the first is to use drugs to promote insulin secretion, or increase the sensitivity of tissue and organ to insulin to control blood sugar. Insulin therapy is required if the drug does not effectively control blood sugar or is not resistant to the drug (the drug causes liver and kidney damage, allergies, etc.

The nature of exogenous insulin is very similar to that of self-produced insulin. In addition to a very small number of individuals with allergies, insulin therapy has no harm, but can also make blood sugar better controlled. Of course, any treatment has side effects, and there is a risk of hypoglycemia during insulin adjustment. This requires patients to check blood sugar, detect hypoglycemia in a timely manner, and adjust insulin usage and dosage.

If you have diabetes, do not conflict with insulin. After all, all treatments are aimed at reducing hypoglycemia and preventing complications. The ultimate victim is insulin therapy.

Conclusion: To prevent diabetes, it is very important to develop good habits, rather than simply not eating sugar or eating less sugar. Diabetes is not terrible either. regular treatment, lifestyle Improvement, regular health check, and normal life are acceptable.

 

Tip: prevention and treatment of diabetes

There are many risk factors for diabetes. In addition to genetic susceptibility, environmental factors such as obesity, smoking, and emotional stress are also important. We can't do anything about the genetic impact. What we can do is a good way of life. Quit smoking, develop regular and healthy eating habits (regular and quantitative), and exercise properly (the American Diabetes Association recommends at least 30 minutes of exercise per day and at least 150 minutes per week) it is important to prevent diabetes. For non-diabetic patients, pay attention to weight control, because excessive accumulation of fat can easily lead to insulin resistance, resulting in insulin failure to play a role, leading to type 2 diabetes. However, for diabetic patients, if they cannot improve their bad living habits, the control of blood sugar is hard to achieve satisfactory results.

References:

[1] Diabetes Mellitus, section VI, chapter21, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, M. Odette Gore, Silvio E. inzucchi, and Darren K. McGuire