Preparations for Export Marketing

Preparations for Export Marketing

* ** Common export documents and creden ***

(1) Draft (Draft: Bill of Exchange)

It is a written order issued by one person to another requesting unconditional support of a certain amount to a specific person or its holder at the time of receipt or at the specified or future time that can be determined.

Settlement of goods in international trade, the vast majority of the use of documentary drafts (that is, with a bill of lading and other freight documents ).

Pay attention to the following issues when preparing a draft:

(1) The basis for the issuance of bids must be listed. In the form of receipt and payment of a letter of credit, it must be indicated which letter of credit was issued based on the Bank's opening date.

(2) in the form of a letter of credit, the payer should be filled in according to the provisions of the letter of credit; in the form of collection, the name of the payer should generally be the importing Party.

(3) the payer of the draft in the form of a letter of credit should generally be the negotiating bank, and the payer in the form of collection should be the receiving bank.

(4) A draft is generally issued in two copies. The two copies have the same effect. Either of them is paid and the other is automatically invalidated.

(2) Bill of Lading (Bill of Landing, B/L)

It is a credential issued by the ship captain or the ship company or its agent to prove that the goods have been received, promised to ship the goods to a specific destination, and delivered to the recipient. A ticket is a credential representing the ownership of the goods. Therefore, it is also the most important document provided by the seller.

Items (such as the type of the ticket, the consignee, the name and number of items of the goods, the destination port, the records of the freight collection, the number of copies of the ticket, etc.) must be consistent with the letter of credit.

In China's export business, foreign communications often require the provision of "a full set of clean and loaded as a ticket with instructions and blank endorsement ". In this case, when the goods are loaded, we should pay great attention to this. If there are comments such as "damaged goods" or "poor packaging" on the receipt of the large vice, in exchange for the ticket, it will also have the same comments, that is, it will become a "non-clean ticket", while banks generally do not accept "non-clean ticket ". A bill of lading is generally made in two copies. At the request of the shipper, three or more copies can be issued. The original bill of lading has the same effect, but as long as one of them is submitted, the remaining parts will become invalid. It should be noted that the reverse signature of the ticket and the pre-Borrow ticket are fraudulent acts by the consigner and the carrier. Once exposed, the consequences are serious. These measures should be avoided in China's export trade.

(3) Insurance policies and certificates (Insruance Certificate)

They are insurance contracts concluded between the insurer (that is, the insurance company) and the insured (that is, the policyholder, generally the import and export). When the insured goods suffer losses within the scope of liability of the insurance contract, they are the basis for claims from the insured and claims from the insurer.

An insurance policy (commonly known as a "large warranty") is a formal insurance contract, which generally includes the following content: the name of the insured, the name, quantity or weight of the insured goods, the type and name of the goods to be taken, the type and name of the means of transportation, the difference of insurance, the place of departure, the term of insurance and the amount of insurance, it also includes the scope of liability of the insurer and detailed terms on the rights and obligations of the insurer and the insured.

An insurance credential (also known as a "small insurance policy") is a simplified insurance contract, which does not include detailed terms on the rights and obligations of the insurer and the insured, the rest is the same as the insurance policy and has the same effect as the insurance policy. However, in actual business, most insurance companies in China issue insurance policies and seldom use insurance certificates.

(4) Commercial Invoice)

Invoice for short. It is the list of shipping price items opened by the Export Enterprise to the buyer. It is the basis for the buyer and the seller to pay for the goods, receive the goods, keep the account, pay the goods, and pay taxes for customs declaration. There is no uniform invoice format, but its content is roughly the same, mainly including: invoice No., opening date, relevant export contract No., Letter of Credit No., Recipient Name address, transportation sign, goods name, specification, quantity, packaging method,

Unit price, total value, shipping location, destination, etc. The invoice content must comply with the provisions of the sales contract. When using the letter of credit payment method, it should be strictly consistent with the provisions of the letter of credit, and there must be no difference. In addition, the invoice must have the formal signature of the shipper to be valid.

(5) Certificate of Origin)

It is a certificate proving the origin or place of manufacture of the goods. It is mainly used to provide it to the customs of the importing country for determining the country of production of the goods, so as to determine the tax rate to be levied on the imported goods, some countries restrict the import of goods from some countries or regions, and require that the source of the goods be proved with a certificate of origin. A certificate of origin is generally issued by a notary office of the exporting place or by a business and commerce organization. In China, it is issued by the Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau or the China International Trade Promotion Commission.

(6) Certificate of Inspection)

Each inspection certificate is used separately to prove the quality, quantity, weight or sanitary conditions of the goods. In China, such certificates are generally issued by the China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau. If there are no special provisions on the contract or letter of credit, the import and export companies or production enterprises can also distinguish different situations, however, the name of the certificate and the listed items or inspection results should be the same as those stipulated in the contract and the letter of credit.

(7) the Packing List and Weight Memo packages and Weight lists are supplemental documents for commercial invoices. The packing form is mainly used for industrial products. The name, specification, and color of the goods in each package are described in detail one by one, so that the Customs inspection at the place of import can be checked by the importer. A weight ticket is mostly used for primary products priced by weight, indicating the weight of each item. Some also specify the gross weight and net weight of each item separately. Its function is the same as that of single-phase packaging.

(8) general settlement documents (Generalized System of Preferences, G. S. P .)

The general benefit system is a general preferential tariff reduction and exemption system given by developed countries to certain products from developing countries, especially finished and semi-finished products. Currently, 19 countries, including Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the European Union (EC) member countries, have granted preferential treatment to China. Goods Exported to these countries must provide preferential treatment documents, it serves as the basis for customs duties relief in the importing country.