Project Life cycle

Project life cycle: Refers to a series of stages from the start to the end of a project. The name and number of stages depends on the management and control needs of one or more organizations participating in the project, the project itself and the application area in which it resides. A stage usually has a time limit, a start point, an end point, or a control point.

The project life cycle can provide a basic framework for managing projects, regardless of the project's specific work.

Common lifecycle Structure: start projects, organize and prepare, perform project work, end projects (unlike project management process groups.) The procedures in a process group contain activities that can be executed and repeated at each project stage, and can be executed and repeated at the overall project level. The project life cycle is independent of the life cycle of products produced or improved by the project. The project should consider the product life cycle in which the product is currently located.

"General life cycle Structure features:

-Cost and manpower input. At the beginning, it was at its lowest level and was at its highest level of execution, and quickly fell back when the project was nearing completion. However, this typical trend may not be applicable to all projects, and some of the life cycle is large in the early stages to ensure that the resources are in place, for example, when the life cycle is very early to equip all personnel

-Risk and uncertainty. At the beginning of the project the largest, and throughout the life cycle with the decision-making and the acceptance of deliverables are gradually reduced.

-Change the cost. Without significant cost impact, the ability to change the final characteristics of a project product is the largest at the beginning and diminishes as the project progresses. The cost of making changes and correcting errors is significantly increased as the project nears completion. "

Project stage: A collection of project activities that have a logical relationship. Usually ends with the completion of one or more deliverable deliverables. A project can be divided into single or multiple stages (start, plan, monitor, execute, close)

Phase-to-stage relationships: sequential relationships, overlapping relationships (also called "Fast Follow-up"), and parallel relationships.

Predictive life cycle: Also known as a fully planned-driven life cycle. Determine the project scope and the time and cost that will be required for this scope at the earliest possible time in the project life cycle. The concept of rolling planning is still available with this cycle. First, a high-level outline plan is prepared, and then a more detailed plan is prepared for a reasonable period of time, as the adjacent resources are allocated.

Iterative and incremental lifecycles: As the project team becomes more aware of the product, the project phase (also called iteration) has a destination to repeat one or more project activities. The iterations themselves can be sequential or overlapping.

Adaptive lifecycles: Also called change-driven or agile methods. The aim is to obtain the ongoing involvement of stakeholders in a number of changes. The adaptive Life cycle also contains the concept of iteration and increment, but the difference is that the iteration is usually iterative 2-4 weeks at a time, and the required times and resources are fixed. The adaptive approach is preferred in the following situations: the need to respond to rapidly changing environments, where requirements and scope are difficult to determine beforehand, or to define smaller incremental improvements in ways that can benefit the stakeholders.

The life cycle characteristics of the predictive life cycle are as early as possible to determine the scope of the project and the time and cost required. Projects that can be used in this life cycle should have the following characteristics: Project maturity, project size (or even large), project deliverables are clearly described, the team has a wealth of similar project experience, or the whole batch of * * * paid products in favor of the project stakeholders. Waterfall model is a typical representative of predictive life cycle, and the predictive life cycle is a mature project life cycle model of large complex projects.

The iterative and incremental life cycle is characterized by a gradual improvement in the project team's understanding of the product, and the goal of repeating one or more project activities at the project stage. The project with iterative and incremental life cycle is characterized by the complexity of the project, the change of target and scope, and the needs of the stakeholders need to be satisfied after interacting with the team, revising, supplementing and perfecting them. New product development projects often use iterations and incremental life cycles.

The Adaptive life cycle (change driven approach or agile approach) is characterized by a large number of changes and the ongoing involvement of stakeholders. Unlike iterations and incremental lifecycles, adaptive life cycle iterations are fast, time-required, and resources are fixed. A project with an adaptive life cycle is characterized by the difficulty of meeting the requirements and scope of the project, the large number of change requests from stakeholders in the project process, and the eventual satisfaction of the final product, service, or outcome through several smaller incremental improvements. For example, software development projects that value customer experience and feelings.

This article is from the "No Twin Cities" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://929044991.blog.51cto.com/1758347/1647328

Project Life cycle