Project Windows section Windows Registry Detailed

A, the origin of the registry PC and its operating system is that it allows users to configure the hardware and software of a computer system in a variety of ways, as required. In earlier graphics operating systems, such as win3.x, the configuration of the hardware and software work environment was done by modifying files with an. ini extension, but the INI file was inconvenient to manage because each device or application had its own INI file and it was difficult to achieve remote access on the network.

To overcome these problems, in Windows 95 and later, a database called "registry" is used for unified management, centralizing various information resources and storing various configuration information. In accordance with this principle, each version of Windows incorporates a registry that accommodates all configuration information for applications and computer systems to manage application and file associations, hardware device descriptions, status attributes, and various status information and data. The

differs from the INI file:
1. The registry uses the binary form of the login data;
2. The registry supports sub-keys, all levels of sub-keywords have their own "key value";
3. Key-value entries in the registry can contain executable code, not simple strings;
4. On the same computer, the registry can store the attributes of multiple users. The

Registry features:
1. The registry allows tracking configuration of hardware, system parameters, applications, and device drivers, which makes it possible to modify certain settings without restarting.
2. The hardware portion of the login in the registry can support Plug and Play features for high-version windows. When Windows detects a new device on the machine, it saves the data to the registry, and also avoids resource conflicts between the new device and the original device.
3. Administrators and users can check the configuration and settings of the system on the network through the registry, allowing remote management to be implemented.

Ii. use of the registration form
1. You can enter regedit in the run in the Start menu.
2. You can also enter Regedit under DOS


Third, the registry root key description
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT contains all OLE information and document types that are registered, copied from HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER contains the user configuration information for the login, which is copied from the Hkey_users\ current user subtree.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE contains configuration information for this machine. Where the config subtree is the display printer information; The enum subtree is a Plug and Play device information; The system subtree is a control set of device drivers and service parameters; The software subtree is an application-specific setting.
HKEY_USERS all logged-in user information.
The hkey_current_config contains some hardware software configurations that are often changed by the user, such as font settings, display types, printer settings, and so on. is copied from the Hkey_local_machine\config.
Hkey_dyn_data contains system information that is now stored in computer memory.

iv. details of the registration form
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders Save the path to your personal folders and favorites
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard layouts Save the language used by the keyboard and various Chinese input methods
Hkey_users\. Default\software\microsoft\internet explorer\typeurls Save the URL address list information entered in the Internet Explorer address bar. Clearing the document menu will be emptied.
Hkey_users\. Default\so. \mi. \wi. \currentversion\ex. \menuorder\startmenu Keep Program Menu sorting information
Hkey_users\. Default\so. \microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\runmru Save "Start * Run ..." To run the program list information. Clearing the document menu will be emptied.
Hkey_users\. Default\so. \microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\ecentdocs save a shortcut to the most recently used 15 documents (remove the problem of duplicate document name) and clear the document menu.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall Save the installed Windows application uninstall information.
Hkey_users\.default\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\applets Save the record data for the Windows application.
Hkey_local_machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\class Save Control Panel-Add Hardware device-device type directory.
Hkey_local_machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\update immediately refreshes the settings. A value of 00 is set to Auto refresh, and 01 is set to refresh manually [press F5 in Explorer].
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop New String value name menushowdelay=0 to increase the pop-up speed of the submenu in the Start menu. Create a new string value named MinAnimate with a value of 1 to start the animation effect Switch window with a value of 0 to cancel the animation effect.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run saves the name of the program that is run when the computer is set by the Control Panel and its icon appears to the right of the task bar. [The Start folder Program runtime icon is also on the right side of the task bar]
Hkey_users\.default\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\run saves the name of the program that is run by the user when the computer is started and its icon appears to the right of the task bar.
Hkey_class_root/paint.pricture/defaulticon the icon for the default picture. Double-click the string on the right side of the window to delete the original key value in the Open dialog box and enter% 1. After restarting, open the Windows directory in My Computer, select "Big icon", and then you see the BMP file icon is no longer a uniform artboard icon, but a thumbnail of each BMP file.
Hkey-local-machine\ software\ microsoft\ windows\ currentversion\ policies\ Ratings Save the password (data encryption) set in the "Security" * "rating review" in the Chinese version of the IE4.0.
Hkey-local-machine\ software\ microsoft\ windows\ currentversion\ explorer\ desktop\namespace Save special icons in the desktop, such as Recycle Bin, Inbox, MS Network and so on.

v. How to Back up the registry
Manually backing up the registry with Registry Editor
Registry Editor (Regedit) is a registry tool that comes with an operating system that allows you to make various modifications to the registry. Of course, "Backup" and "Restore" The registry is naturally its instinct.

(1) Backing up the registry through Registry Editor
Because modifying the registry can sometimes compromise the security of the system, whether Windows 98 or Windows 2000 or even Windows XP, the Registry Editor is "hidden" in a very hidden place, to "please" it, it must be done by special means. Click on the "Start" menu, select the "Run" option on the menu, and after entering "Regedit" in the "Run" window, click the "OK" button to start the Registry Editor.

Click Registry Editor's "Registry" menu, then click on the "Export registry File" option, enter the file name "regedit" in the Popup dialog box, select "Save Type" as "registry File", then "Export range" to "all", then choose the file storage location, then click "Save" button , you can save the system's registry to your hard disk.

After completing the above steps, locate the folder where you saved the backup file, and you will find that the backed up files are already in the folder.

(2) Backup registry under DOS
What happens when WINDOWS (including "Safe Mode") fails to enter when the registry is corrupted? The backup and recovery of the Registry in a pure DOS environment is another remedy, so let's look at how to back up and restore the registry in a DOS environment.

Back up and restore the registry through Registry Editor in pure DOS The Registry Editor is used to back up and restore the registry in a Windows environment, in fact, the "Regedit.exe" Registry Editor can not only run in a Windows environment, but also in DOS.

Although the functionality of the Registry Editor in a DOS environment is not as powerful as in the Windows environment, it is unique. For example, the Registry Editor in Windows to back up the registry, the system after the problem, unable to enter Windows, you can use a pure DOS through the Registry Editor to restore the registry.

It should be said that the backup of the registry in a DOS environment is still rare, usually in Windows Backup, but in some special cases, this approach is very useful. After entering the DOS, then enter the Windows directory of the C disk, enter "regedit" at the prompt of the directory and press ENTER, then you can view the use parameters of "regedit".
Backing up the registry through "Regedit" still requires the use of the two files "System.dat" and "User.dat", and the specific command format for the program is this:
regedit/l:system/r:user/e Filename.reg Regpath
Parameter meaning:
/L:SYSTEM specifies the path where the System.dat file resides.
/R:USER specifies the path where the User.dat file resides.
/e: This parameter specifies that the Registry Editor is going to export the registry operation, and after this parameter is empty, enter the file name of the export registry.
Regpath: The branch used to specify which registry to export, and if not specified, all registry branches will be exported. In these parameters, the "/l:system" and "/r:user" parameters are optional, and if these two parameters are not used, the Registry Editor considers the "System.dat" and "User.dat" files in the Windows directory to be manipulated. If you are booting from a floppy disk and entering DOS, you must use the "/L" and "/r" parameters to specify the exact path to the "System.dat" and "User.dat" files, otherwise Registry Editor will not be able to find them.

For example, if you enter DOS through the boot disk, the command to back up the registry is "Regedit/l:c:\windows\/r:c:\windows\/e Regedit.reg", which means to back up the entire registry to the Windows directory with its file name "Regedit.reg". If the "regedit/e D:\regedit.reg" command is entered, it means that the entire registry is backed up to the root of the D drive (omitting the "/L" and "/r" parameters) with the file name "Regedit.reg".

(3) Backing up the registry with the Registry Checker
The Registry Checker Scanreg.exe in a DOS environment can be used to back up the registry.

The command format is:
Scanreg/backup/restore/comment

Parameter explanation:
/backup used to back up the registry immediately
/restore Display all backup files according to the time and date of backup
/comment showing the part associated with the backup file in/restore

Note When you display the backup registry file, compress the backed-up files to. CAB file, the following word of the CAB file is started or notstarted,started means that the file can start Windows successfully, is a good backup file, notstarted indicates that the file was not used to start Windows, It is therefore not possible to know if it is a good backup.

For example: if we want to see all the backup files and the parts related to the backup, the command is as follows: Scanreg/restore/comment

Project Windows section Windows Registry Detailed