Protel Set Rule definition layer

Protel Set the rule definition layer:

Create a new PCB file

Before you convert the design from the schematic editor to the PCB editor, you need to create a blank PCB with the most basic board profile. The easiest way to create a new PCB design in Protel DXP is to use the PCB wizard, which allows you to select the Industrial Standard Board profile and create your own custom board size. At any stage of the wizard, you can use the Back button to check or modify the contents of the previous page.

To use the PCB Wizard to create the PCB, complete the following steps:

1. In the new from template unit at the bottom of the files panel click on the PCB Board Wizard to create an additional PCB. If this option is not displayed on the screen, the point up arrow icon closes some of the above cells.

2. PCB Board Wizard Open. The first thing you see is the introduction page. Click the Next button to continue.

3. Set the unit of measurement to Imperial (Imperial), note that 1000 mils = 1 inch.

4. The third page of the wizard allows you to select the outline of the board you want to use. In this tutorial we use our custom board sizes. Select Custom from the list of board outlines and click Next.

5. On the next page, you enter the custom board option. In this tutorial circuit, a 2 x 2 inch board will give me a lot of space. Select rectangular and type 2000 in the width and height columns. Deselect title block & Scale, Legend String and Dimension Lines, as well as Corner Cutoff and Inner Cutoff. Click Next to continue.

6. On this page you are allowed to select the number of layers on the board. I need two signal layer, no power planes required. Click Next to continue.

7. Choose Thru-hole Vias only in the use of the through-hole (via) style in the design, click Next.

8. The next page allows you to set the technical (wiring) selection of the component/conductor. Select the Thru-hole components option to set the number of wires between the adjacent pad (pad) to one Track. Click Next to continue.

9. The next page allows you to set up some design rules that apply to your board. Set to the default value. Click the Next button to continue.

10. The final page allows you to save the custom board as a template, allowing you to create a new board base based on the rules you enter. We do not want to save our tutorial board as a template, confirm that the option is not selected, click Finish to close the wizard.

One. The PCB wizard now collects all the information it needs to create your new board. The PCB editor will display a new PCB file called Pcb1.pcbdoc.

The PCB documentation shows a white drawing with a default size and a blank board shape (a black area with a grid). To close the drawing, choose design? Options, deselect design Sheet in the Board Options dialog box. You can use Protel DXP to add your own frame, grid features, and title boxes from other PCB templates. For more information on board shapes, drawings and templates, see the Board shape and drawing tutorials.

13. Now the drawing is closed, choose View? Fit Board (Hotkey v,f) will display only the board shape.

The PCB documentation is automatically added (connected) to the project, and the list is immediately below the PCBs of the project name in the projects label.

15. Select File? Save as to rename the new PCB file (with *. Pcbdoc name extension). Specify that you want to save this PCB on your hard drive, type the filename in the file name Multivibrator.pcbdoc and click Save.

Add a new PCB to the project

If you want to add the PCB to the project to be open with free documents, click on the PCB file in the Projects panel, select Add to Project. This PCB now lists the projects tag immediately below the PCBs of the project name and connects to the project file.

Conversion design

Before converting schematic information to a new blank PCB, verify that all libraries associated with the schematic diagram and PCB are available. All packages are included in this tutorial because you use only the integrated component libraries that are installed by default. As long as the project has been edited and any errors in the schematics have been fixed, using the update PCB command to start ECO can convert schematic information to the target PCB.

Update PCB

The schematic information in the project is sent to the target PCB:

1. Select Design in Schematic editor? Update PCB (Multivibrator.pcbdoc). The item is modified and the Engineering Change Order dialog box appears.

2. Click Validate Changes. If all changes are valid, the check appears in the Status list. If the change is not valid, close the dialog box, check the Messages panel, and clear all errors.

3. Click Execute changes to send the change to the PCB. When finished, the status becomes complete (done)

# [Page] Click Close, the target PCB is open, and the components are on the board to prepare for placement. If you cannot see the component in the current view, use the hotkey V, D (view document).

Design PCB and set up PCB working area

Now we can start placing components on the PCB and wiring them on the board. Before positioning the components on the board, we need to set up the PCB working area, such as grids, layers, and design rules.

Let's set some options to make it easier to locate the components.

1. Choose Tools from the menu? Preferences (Hotkey T,p) Opens the System Preferences dialog box. In the Options tab of the Editing Options unit, confirm that the Snap to center option is selected. This will allow you to position the cursor on the reference point of the component when you are positioning it.

2. Click the Display tab in the System Preferences dialog box to present it. In the show unit, will show the pad Nets, show pad Numbers and Via Nets option to deselect. In the draft thresholds unit, set the strings bar to 4 pixels, and then close the dialog box.

Set up a grid

Before we start locating the components, we need to make sure that the grid settings are correct. All objects placed in the PCB workspace are arranged on the called Capture Grid (snap grid). This grid needs to be set up to fit the wiring technology we want to use.

Our tutorial circuit uses standard British components with a maximum Keng foot spacing of 100mil. We set this capture grid to an average fraction of 100mil, 50 or 25mil, so that all component pins will fall on the grid point one at the time of placement. Of course, the wire width and spacing on the board are 12mil and 13mil (this is the default value used by the PCB wizard), and the minimum of 25mil is allowed between the center of the parallel conductor. Therefore, the most suitable capture grid should be set to 25mil.

Complete the following steps to set up the capture grid:

1. Choose from the menu design? Options (Hotkey D,o) Opens the Board Options dialog box.

2. In the Grids tab, set the value of Snap x, snap y, Component x, and Component y columns in the dialog box to 25mil. Note that this dialog box is also used to define the electrical grid. Electrical grids Work when you place an electrical object, which ignores the capture grid while capturing the electrical object. Click OK to close the dialog box.

Define plate and other non-electrical layers

If you look at the bottom of the PCB workspace, you will see a series of layer labels. The PCB editor is a multi-tier environment, and most of the editing work you do will be on a special level. Use the Board Layers dialog box (design?) Board Layers) to display, add, delete, rename, and set the color of the layer.

There are three different types of layers in the PCB editor:

1. Electrical layer-including 32 signal layer and 16 plane layer. The electrical layer is added or removed from the design in the board manager, select the layout? Layer Stack Manager to display this dialog box.

2. Mechanical layer-A 16-purpose mechanical layer used to define the outline of the plate, the thickness of the placement, including the manufacturing instructions, or other mechanical instructions required for the design. These layers are optional when printing and film files are produced. In the Board Layers dialog box you can add, remove, and name the mechanical layer.

3. Special layers-including top and bottom screen printing layer, solder and solder layer, drilling layer, prohibit wiring layer (used to define electrical boundary), multilayer (for multilayer pad and over hole), connection layer, DRC error layer, grid layer and hole layer. Control the display of these special layers in the board Layers dialog box.

This tutorial is a simple design, using a single or dual-panel wiring can be. If the design is more complex, you can add more layers to the board manager.

1. Choose design? Layer Stack Manager displays the Layer Stack Manager dialog box.

2. New layers and planes are added below the currently selected layer. The parameters of the layer, such as copper thickness and non electrical parameters, are used in the signal integrity analysis. Click OK to close the dialog box.

The new board opens with a lot of available layers that you can't use, so close some unwanted layers. Complete the following steps to close the layer:

1. Press the shortcut key L to display the board Layers dialog box.

2. Right-click and select used on to close the layers that have nothing.

3. Confirm that the show button next to the four mask layers and the drill drawing layer name does not appear because it is not checked. Click OK to close the dialog box.

Set up a new design rule

The Protel DXP PCB editor is a rule-driven environment. This means that when you work in the PCB editor and perform those changes to the design, such as placing a wire, moving a component, or wiring automatically, the PCB editor will always monitor each operation and check whether the design still satisfies the design rules. [Page]

Setting the design rules before you start working on the board allows you to remain focused on your design tasks, and be sure that any design errors are immediately flagged to attract your attention.

The design rules are divided into 10 categories and further divided into design types. The design rules cover electrical, wiring, manufacturing, placing, signal integrity requirements.

We will set a new design rule for the power network wiring width. Complete the following steps to set these rules:

1. When the PCB is the current document, choose Design from the menu? Rules

2. PCB Rules and Constraints Editor dialog box appears. Each type of rule is displayed in the design Rules panel of the dialog box (left hand). Double-click the routing class to see the rules for wiring. Then double-click the width to display the rule to be valid.

3. In the design Rules panel, each rule is clicked once to select. When you click on each rule, the right side of the dialog box displays the rule range (the target of the rule you want) in the top unit, while the bottom cell shows the constraint characteristics of the rule. These rules are either default values or have been set by the Board Wizard when you create a new PCB document.

4. Click the width_1 rule to show its constraint characteristics and scope. This rule applies to the entire board.

A powerful feature of the Protel dxp design rule system is that you can define multiple rules of the same type, and each target object is different. The same set of objects for each rule target is defined within the scope of the rule. The rule system uses predefined levels to decide which rule to apply to each object.

For example, you might have a rule over the width of the entire plate (that is, all wires must be this width), for grounding networks, another width constraint rule (which ignores the previous rule) requires a third width constraint rule (This rule ignores the first two rules) for a special connection on a grounded network. The rules are shown in order of precedence.

Now, there is a width constraint rule in your design that needs to be applied to the entire board. Now we're going to add a new width constraint rule for the 12V and GND networks. To add a new width constraint rule, complete the following steps:

1. When the width class of the design Rules panel is selected, right-click and select New rule to add a width constraint to the 12V network only. A new rule named Width_2 appears. Click the new rule in the Design Rules panel to modify its scope and constraints.

2. Type 12V or GND in the Name field. This name in the design Rules panel is refreshed when you click on the rules panel when you have finished setting the rule.

3. Below we will use Query Builder to set the rule scope, if you know the correct syntax structure, you can also directly in the scope of typing. Click on the where the the Matches unit is. Innet () appears in the query kind unit. Click the Drop-down list next to the All button to select 12V from the list of valid networks. The Query kind unit is updated to Innet (' 12V ').

4. Below I will use Query Builder to extend the scope to include the GND network. Click Advanced (Query), and then click Query Builder. The Query Helper dialog box appears.

5. Click on the right side of the innet (' 12V ') in the query unit and click the or button. The contents of the query unit now become innet (' 12V ') or, so that the scope is set to apply the rule to two networks.

6. Click the membership Checks of the PCB functions class and double-click the innet of the name unit.

7. Click in the middle bracket of the query unit innet () to add the name of the GND network. In the PCB Objects list class Click Nets, and then double-click from the Available network list to select GND. The query unit changes to Innet (' 12V ') or innet (' GND ').

8. Click Check Syntax, then click OK to close the result information. If an error message is displayed, it should be repaired.

9. Click OK to close the Query Helper dialog box. Update to the new content in the scope of the full query unit.

10. In the bottom unit of the PCB Rules and Constraints Editor dialog box, click the old constraint text (10mil) and type a new value to change the minimum, preferred, and maximum width columns to 25mil. Note that you must first set the maximum width bar before modifying the minimum value. The new rules are now set and will be saved when you select other rules for the design Rules panel or close the dialog box.

11. Finally, double-click the original Board range width rule name width_1 to set the minimum, Maximum and preferred width columns to 12mil. Click OK to close the PCB Rules and Constraints Editor dialog box. [Page]

When you use the manual wiring or the use of automatic wiring, all the wires are 12mils, in addition to GND and 12V of the wire is 25mils.

Placing components in the PCB

Now we can put the component on the right.

1. Press the shortcut key V, D will display the entire board and all components.

2. Now place the connector Y1, place the cursor over the middle of the connector outline, press the left mouse button. The cursor changes to a cross shape and jumps to the reference point of the symbol.

3. Do not release the left mouse button, move the mouse drag components.

4. When you drag the connection, press SPACEBAR to rotate it 90 °, and then position it on the left side of the board (make sure the entire component is still within the board boundary), as shown in Figure Figure 5.

5. After positioning the components, release the mouse to put down, pay attention to how the fly line is connected with the components.

6. Place the remaining components in reference to Figure 5. When you drag a component, if necessary, use the SPACEBAR key to place the component so that the fly line is shown as Figure 5.

Component text can be repositioned in the same way--press the left mouse button to drag the text, press SPACEBAR to rotate. Before repositioning the text, I'll use Protel DXP's powerful bulk editing feature to hide the component models (values) in the following sections, as these are not needed on the final board.

Protel DXP has a powerful and flexible placement tool. Let's use these tools to ensure that four resistors are properly aligned and spaced.

1. Hold down the SHIFT key and select each resistor with the left click. There will be a selection block around each component that has a selection color set in the system color. To change the selection color, choose design? Board Layers.

2. Click the Align Tops of Selected components button in the Component Placement tool. Then four resistors are aligned along their top.

3. Now click the make horizontal Spacing of Selected Components equal button in the component Placement tool.

4. Click Cancel to select all resistors anywhere else in the design window. These four resistors are now aligned and equal spacing.

Now that we have the package in place, the capacitance is much more encapsulated than we need. Let's change the capacitor packaging to a small one.

1. First we need to find a new package. Click the Libraries Panel and select Miscellaneous Deivices.intlib from the list of libraries. Click Footprints to display the available packages in the current library. What we want is a smaller radial type of encapsulation, so type rad in the filter bar. Click on the package name to see the package associated with these names. The package RAD-0.1 is what we need.

2. Double-click the capacitor to change the footprint Bar of the Component dialog box to RAD-0.1.

3. Now your board is shown in the following figure.

Each object is positioned well, now it's time to put the wire!