Python Module OS commands

In automated operations and testing, it is often necessary to find operational files, such as locating a configuration file (thus reading the profile information), finding test reports (thus sending test report messages), frequently working with a large number of files and a large number of paths, which is dependent on the OS module for Python. Here are some common ways to learn the OS module.

>>> Import OS #导入os模块
>>> Help (OS) #查看os模块帮助文档, with detailed module-related functions and how to use them

>>> dir (OS) #查看os模块所支持的方法

Import OS
Print dir (OS)

[' F_ok ', ' o_append ', ' o_binary ', ' o_creat ', ' o_excl ', ' o_noinherit ', ' o_random ', ' o_rdonly ', ' o_rdwr ', ' o_sequential ', ' O_short_lived ', ' o_temporary ', ' o_text ', ' o_trunc ', ' o_wronly ', ' P_detach ', ' p_nowait ', ' P_nowaito ', ' p_overlay ', ' P_ WAIT ', ' r_ok ', ' seek_cur ', ' seek_end ', ' seek_set ', ' Tmp_max ', ' userdict ', ' w_ok ', ' x_ok ', ' _environ ', ' __all__ ', ' __built ' Ins__ ', ' __doc__ ', ' __file__ ', ' __name__ ', ' __package__ ', ' _copy_reg ', ' _execvpe ', ' _exists ', ' _exit ', ' _get_exports_ List ', ' _make_stat_result ', ' _make_statvfs_result ', ' _pickle_stat_result ', ' _pickle_statvfs_result ', ' abort ', ' Access ', ' altsep ', ' chdir ', ' chmod ', ' close ', ' closerange ', ' curdir ', ' defpath ', ' devnull ', ' dup ', ' dup2 ', ' environ ', ' err  No ', ' Error ', ' execl ', ' execle ', ' execlp ', ' execlpe ', ' execv ', ' execve ', ' execvp ', ' execvpe ', ' extsep ', ' fdopen ', ' Fstat ', ' Fsync ', ' getcwd ', ' getcwdu ', ' getenv ', ' getpid ', ' isatty ', ' kill ', ' linesep ', ' listdir ', ' lseek ', ' lstat ', ' makedirs ', ' mkdir ', ' name ', ' Open ', ' pardir ', ' path ', ' pathsEP ', ' Pipe ', ' popen ', ' popen2 ', ' popen3 ', ' popen4 ', ' putenv ', ' read ', ' Remove ', ' removedirs ', ' Rename ', ' Renames ', ' RmDir ' , ' Sep ', ' spawnl ', ' Spawnle ', ' spawnv ', ' spawnve ', ' startfile ', ' stat ', ' stat_float_times ', ' stat_result ', ' Statvfs_ ' Result ', ' strerror ', ' sys ', ' system ', ' Tempnam ', ' Times ', ' tmpfile ', ' tmpnam ', ' umask ', ' unlink ', ' unsetenv ', ' urandom ', ' Utime ', ' waitpid ', ' walk ', ' write ']

(1) Os.name Gets the platform that is currently in use, Windows returns ' NT '; Linux returns ' POSIX '

  #Linux 
 Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, 15:13:37) 
 [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)] on linux2< Br>type "Help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. 
 >>> import os 
 >>> os.name 
 ' POSIX ' 
 >>> 
 #Windows 
 Python 2.7.14 (v2.7.14 : 84471935ed, Sep, 20:25:58) [MSC v.1500-bit (AMD64)] on Win32 
 Type "Help", "copyright", "credits" or "Licens E "For more information. 
 >>> import os 
 >>> os.name 
 ' nt ' 
 >>>  

(2) Os.system (command) Execute shell command

#Windows
>>> Os.system (' Netstat-an |findstr 8080 ')
TCP 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING
TCP 192.168.31.37:6959 183.192.196.205:8080 close_wait
TCP [::]:8080 [::]:0 LISTENING
#Linux
>>> os.system (' IP Addr list ')
1:lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> MTU 65536 qdisc noqueue State UNKNOWN
Link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 BRD 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 Scope host Lo
2:eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> MTU Qdisc pfifo_fast State up Qlen 1000
Link/ether 66:95:73:bf:5f:97 BRD FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet 218.207.221.92/27 BRD 218.207.221.95 Scope Global eth0
3:eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> MTU qdisc NoOp State down Qlen 1000
Link/ether B2:91:14:7e:78:ae BRD FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
0

(3) file under current path and path

OS.GETCWD (): View the current path.

Os.listdir (PATH): Lists all files under the directory. The type of the list is returned.

Os.path.abspath (PATH): Returns the absolute path.

Import OS
Print OS.GETCWD ()
Print Os.listdir (OS.GETCWD ())
Print Os.path.abspath ('. ')
Print Os.path.abspath ('.. ')

Operation Result:
C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main
[' client.py ', ' m_os.py ', ' rizhi.py ', ' shijian.py ', ' test.log ', ' __init__.py ', ' __INIT__.PYC ']
C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main
C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules

(4) View the folder part and file name section of the path

Os.path.split (path): Breaks the path into (folder, file name) and returns the tuple type.

Os.path.join (Path1,path2,...): Combines path and, if there is an absolute path, the previous path is deleted.

 import OS 
 Print Os.path.split ('. ') 
 Print os.path.split (' C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main\test.log ') 
 Print os.path.split (' C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main\\ ') 
 Print os.path.split (' C:\Users\YangQing\ Pycharmprojects\test\modules\main ') 
 Print os.path.join (' C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules ', ' Main ') 
 Print os.path.join (' C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main ', ' Test.log ') 
 Print Os.path.join (' C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main ', ' C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test ') 
 
 Run Result: 
 (', '. ') 
 (' c:\\users\\yangqing\\pycharmprojects\\test\\modules ', ' Main\test.log ') 
 (' c:\\users\\yangqing\\ Pycharmprojects\\test\\modules\\main ', ') 
 (' C:\\users\\yangqing\\pycharmprojects\\test\\modules ', ' main ') 
 C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main 
 C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test\modules\main \test.log 
 C:\Users\YangQing\PycharmProjects\Test 
 

As can be seen from the above example, if the last character of the path string is \, only the folder part has a value, and if none in the path string, then only the file name part has a value. If the path string has \ and is not at the end, both the folder and the file name have values. And the result of the returned folder does not contain \.

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This article is from the "Dreamscape" blog, make sure to keep this source http://dyqd2011.blog.51cto.com/3201444/1980528

Python Module OS commands