Two blog post introduced the Python selenium environment to build and write the first automated test script, from the second example to do UI-level automation testing, there is a crucial factor, that is, the element positioning, only from the page to find this element, We can manipulate this element, so let's go down and see how to position the element.
Selenium provides 8 elements of the method of positioning (we have to learn the positioning of elements, first of all can learn the basics of the front-end, so that we can learn the automation test, we may see: http://www.runoob.com/)
Here we describe in detail the meaning of each method and the use of each method.
1.FIND_ELEMENT_BY_ID location based on tag ID
Sample HTML code:
<HTML> <Body> <inputID= "KW"name= "username"type= "text" /> <inputname= "Password"type= "Password" /> <inputname= "Continue"type= "Submit"value= "Login" /> </Body><HTML>
Web pages need to open the browser by the developer tool, press F12 to get the page elements, we have seen the above page HTML code, we now want to find id= "kw" element
driver.find_element_by_id ('kw') # location via ID2.find_element_by_name based on the label's name
Driver.find_element_by_name (' username') # location by name3.find_element_by_xpath based on XPath positioning
Find_element_by_xpath (//*[@id ="kw"])
Here is how to get the Xpath path of the page element, if you are the God can write their own, if the same as the author, can be obtained through the developer tool, select the element right-click->copy->copy XPath, you can directly copy to the XPath path.
4.find_element_by_link_text and Find_element_by_partial_link_text use text links to locate elements, two of them are very similar, and the functions are similarly, but they are all matched and one is the matching part.
To add a paragraph to our previous example code, let's look at how to locate
<HTML> <Body> <inputID= "KW"name= "username"type= "text" /> <inputname= "Password"type= "Password" /> <inputname= "Continue"type= "Submit"value= "Login" /> <DivID= "U1"> <ahref= "Http://news.baidu.com"name= "Tj_trnews"class= "Mnav">News</a> <ahref= "Http://www.hao123.com"name= "tj_trhao123"class= "Mnav">Hao123</a> <ahref= "Http://map.baidu.com"name= "Tj_trmap"class= "Mnav">Map</a> <ahref= "Http://v.baidu.com"name= "Tj_trvideo"class= "Mnav">Video</a> <ahref= "Http://tieba.baidu.com"name= "Tj_trtieba"class= "Mnav">Stick</a> <ahref= "Http://xueshu.baidu.com"name= "Tj_trxueshu"class= "Mnav">Academic</a> </Body><HTML>
So here's a couple of ways to locate this element of the news.
through to Find_element_by_link_text positioning
# -*-coding:utf-8-*- Import Time from Import Webdriverdriver = webdriver. Chrome () Driver.maximize_window () driver.get ("file:///C:/Users/hunk/Desktop/id.html " ) Driver.find_element_by_link_text (' news '). Click () Time.sleep ( 3) driver.quit () # Exit BrowserPositioning effect:
through to Find_element_by_partial_link_text positioning
5.find_element_by_tag_name based on the name of the label, this method is not used, because the label of a page in the name of the repetition too early, it is too difficult to locate.
Driver.find_element_by_tag_name ("input")6.find_element_by_class_name is positioned by class name
< html > < body > < p class = "content" > Site content goes here. </ p > </ body > < html >
Driver.find_element_by_class_name (' content') # Location by class name7.find_element_by_css_selector based on the attributes of the element to locate, this method in the actual process is more practical, and very simple, here we first look at the syntax, here is a key point is that in this method of positioning can write regular expressions to locate elements, Then write an instance to locate, example we use Baidu website to locate, then search selenium keyword.
< HTML > < Body > < class= "Content">Site content goes here. </ P > </ Body > < HTML >
Positioning syntax
Driver.find_element_by_css_selector ("p[class=\" content\ "]") # Based on element propertiesExample:
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-Import Time fromSeleniumImportWebdriverdriver=Webdriver. Chrome () Driver.maximize_window () Driver.get ("http://www.baidu.com") Driver.find_element_by_css_selector ("input[id=\ "kw\"]"). Send_keys ('Selenium')#positioning input Box input SeleniumDriver.find_element_by_css_selector ("input[type=\ "submit\"]"). Click ()#Locate the Search button, click the button, select the typeTime.sleep (5) Driver.quit ()#Exit Browser
Take a look at the animated effect.
In fact, the location of the element is very simple, but the actual process of positioning the HTML page there are some special places, as long as we disassemble the analysis, nature will not pour us.
The following methods return the result is a list, as a single element is positioned, but the results returned are different, this is not described in detail.
Python Selenium element Positioning (iii)
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