Quick reference for Emacs common commands
Summary of common commands for Emacs from Emacs reference Cards
Note: The keys labeled in the following command, uppercase C for control, usually the CTRL key on the keyboard, and m for meta, usually the ALT key on the keyboard, and s for shift, which is usually the SHIFT key on the keyboard, that is,
These three keys in Emacs are usually used as the leading key combination, that is, you may need to hold down the key before executing a command, such as the Search command is c-s, to execute this command first to hold the CTRL key, then press the letter S key, and open the file command is C-x c-f, To open the file you have to press the CTRL key, press X and F (of course, you can also press CTRL and then press the X, release, and then press CTRL and then press f), and some command combination keys and non-combination keys are used, such as saving all the files are c-x s, you need to press CTRL not put down when the X, Then let go of all the keys, and then press S, there are two combinations of keys used together, such as the use of regular expressions for incremental search shortcut keys are c-s-%, which requires you to press CTRL and ALT not release, and then press S.
Activate Emacs
In the context of a graphical interface, you only need to enter Emacs in the terminal to press ENTER or find the icon to activate the Emacs program to open it.
Emacs with a character interface in an environment or pseudo-terminal without a graphical interface can enter EMACS-NW, which is to add a-NW parameter.
Hangs in the graphical interface is usually the use of the Emacs window to minimize the meaning, and in the character interface is to put Emacs into the background after the back to the terminal, for example, under the Gnu/linux character Terminal Press C-z will return to the shell, using the jobs command to list all of your suspended tasks, With FG, you can return a task that has been suspended for the last time, and FG%num can choose to return to any of the suspended tasks.
If there is no unsaved file, then this command exits the Emacs program, otherwise it will prompt you to save the file.
File
Open File |
C-x c-f |
Save File |
C-x c-s |
Save All Files |
C-x s |
Inserting other files into the current buffer |
C-x I |
Open another file in the current buffer |
C-x c-v |
Save As File |
C-x c-w |
Get help
Open Quick Guide |
C-h T |
Get key Help |
C-h K |
Get function Help |
C-h F |
Open Emacs Help Manual |
C-h R |
Error recovery
Discard the current command or terminate the operation being performed |
C-g |
Recover files lost due to system crashes |
M-x Recover-file |
Undo Last Action |
C-x U or c-_ |
Restore the contents of a buffer |
M-x Revert-buffer |
Refresh Screen |
C-l |
Incremental Search
Forward Search |
C-s |
Reverse Search |
C-r |
Using regular expressions to search forward |
C-m-s |
Reverse-search using regular expressions |
C-m-r |
Select Previous search results |
M-p |
Select the next search result |
M-n |
Exit the search and stay in the current search location |
Ret |
Abort Current Search |
C-g |
Move
Moving units |
Back |
Forward |
Character |
C-b |
C-f |
Words |
M-b |
M-f |
Yes |
C-p |
C-n |
Start or end of current line |
C-a |
C-e |
Sentence |
M-a |
M-e |
Paragraph |
m-{ |
M-} |
Page |
C-x [ |
C-x] |
An expression |
C-m-b |
C-m-f |
Function |
C-m-a |
C-m-e |
The beginning or end of a buffer |
m-< |
M-> |
Vertical scrolling Screen |
C-v |
M-v |
Horizontal scrolling Screen |
C-x < |
C-x > |
Scrolls the current line to the center of the screen |
C-u |
C-l |
Specify row movement |
M-g m-g |
|
Delete
Deleted units |
Backwards |
Forward |
Character |
del |
c-d |
Word |
M-del |
m-d |
Line |
M-0 c-k |
c-k |
Sentence |
C-x D EL |
m-k |
Expression |
m--c-m-k |
C-m-k |
Delete current line |
C-s-del |
|
Delete area |
C-w |
|
Copy zone to delete ring |
m-w |
|
Delete to character |
M-z char |
|
Pull content back from delete ring |
c-y |
|
Pull back older content from the delete ring |
m-y |
|
Note: The Del here may be backspace on your keyboard.
Mark
Set tag |
[Email protected] |
Jumps at the current cursor position and marker |
C-x C-x |
Set Word Markers |
[Email protected] |
Mark Segment |
M-h |
Markup page |
C-x c-p |
Tag expression |
[Email protected] |
Tag function |
C-m-h |
Mark the entire buffer |
C-x h |
Query substitution
Interactive substitution |
m-% |
Using regular expressions |
M-x Query-replace-regexp |
In Query substitution mode: |
|
Replace the current item and jump to the next item |
Spc |
Replace current item does not jump |
, |
Does not replace the current item and jumps to the next item |
Del |
Replace all remaining query results |
! |
Back to previous matching results |
^ |
Exit query Substitution |
Ret |
Enter recursive edit (C-m-c exit) |
C-r |
Multiple panes
The first explanation is that a frame in Emacs is a window in the value window System, and a pane (window) is a frame
Command description |
window pane |
Box |
Delete all other panes |
C-x 1 |
|
Vertical split |
C-x 2 |
C-x 5 2 |
Delete Current Pane |
C-x 0 |
C-x 5 0 |
Split horizontally |
C-x 3 |
|
Scroll other panes |
C-m-v |
|
Switch to another pane |
C-x o |
C-x 5 O |
Toggle Buffers in other panes |
C-x 4 B |
C-x 5 B |
Display buffers in other panes |
C-x 4 C-o |
C-x 5 C-o |
Open a file in another pane |
C-x 4 F |
C-x 5 F |
Open a file as read-only in another pane |
C-x 4 R |
C-x 5 R |
Open Directory in other panes |
C-x 4 D |
C-x 5 D |
Find labels in other panes |
C-x 4. |
C-x 5. |
pane height increase |
C-x ^ |
|
window pane width reduction |
C-x { |
|
The width of the pane increases |
C-x} |
|
Formatting
Indent as you go forward |
TAB |
Indent area |
c-m-/ |
Indent an expression |
C-m-q |
Increase Indent |
C-x TAB |
Add a new row after the current position |
C-o |
Move down the current position to the end of the line |
C-m-o |
Delete empty rows near the current location |
C-x C-o |
Connect the current row to the previous row |
m-^ |
Remove whitespace near the cursor |
m-/ |
Uppercase and lowercase conversions
Convert words to Uppercase |
M-u |
Word converted to lowercase |
M-l |
Word Conversion First letter capitalization |
M-c |
Area converted to uppercase |
C-x C-u |
Area converted to lowercase |
C-x c-l |
Miniature buffers
Complete as many as you can |
TAB |
Fill up to a single word |
Spc |
Complement and Execute |
Ret |
Show possible completion of a complete item |
? |
Switch to previous input |
M-p |
Switch to the next input |
M-p |
Search history with regular expressions |
M-r |
Forward search history with regular expressions |
K-5 |
Terminate command |
C-g |
Buffer
Select another buffer |
C-x b |
List all buffers |
C-x C-b |
Close a buffer |
C-x K |
Buffer
Swap characters |
C-t |
Exchange words |
M-t |
Swap lines |
C-x C-T |
Interchange expressions |
C-m-t |
Exchange
Swap characters |
C-t |
Exchange words |
M-t |
Swap lines |
C-x C-T |
Interchange expressions |
C-m-t |
Spell check
See Car current word spelling |
m-$ |
Check all the words in the area |
M-x ispell-region |
Check the entire buffer |
M-x Ispell-buffer |
Label
Find tags |
M-. |
Find Next Label |
C-u m. |
Specify a new label |
M-x visit-tags-table |
All files within the label table are searched with regular expressions |
M-x Tags-search |
Run a query replacement within all files |
M-x Tags-query-replace |
Continue to the last label search or query substitution |
M-, |
Shells
Execute an external command |
m-! |
Run a shell command in the current zone |
m-| |
Use an external command to process the current zone |
C-u m-| |
Start a shell |
M-x Shell |
Rectangular Area
Copy a rectangular region to a register |
C-x R R |
Delete a rectangular area |
C-x R K |
Pull back the contents of the rectangular area |
C-x R y |
Insert a rectangular area |
C-x R O |
Empty rectangular Area |
C-x R C |
Replace each line of content in a rectangular region with a string |
C-x R T |
Abbreviation
Add global abbreviation |
C-x A G |
Add pattern abbreviation |
C-x a L |
Add a global extension to this abbreviation |
C-x a I G |
Add a pattern extension to this abbreviation |
C-x a i L |
Extension abbreviations |
C-x A E |
Dynamically extending the previous word |
m-/ |
Regular expressions
Match any character other than line break |
. |
|
Repeat any time |
* |
|
Repeat one or more times |
+ |
|
Not once or once. |
? |
|
Escape character |
/C |
|
Branch |
/| |
|
Group |
/(.../) |
|
Group N |
/n |
|
Word Start or end |
/b |
|
Non-word start or end |
/b |
|
Unit |
Begin |
End |
Yes |
^ |
$ |
Word |
/< |
/> |
Buffer |
/‘ |
/‘ |
Character category |
The |
does not match |
Character Set fit |
[ ... ] |
[^ ... ] |
Words |
/w |
/w |
Internationalized Character Set
Specify language |
M-x set-language-environment |
Show all input methods |
M-x List-input-methods |
Turn IME on or off |
c-/ |
Set the command encoding system |
C-x RET C |
Show All coding Systems |
M-x List-coding-systems |
Choosing a Coding System |
M-x Prefer-coding-system |
Information
Enter the information document reader |
C-h I |
Find a specified function or variable in an information document |
C-h C-i |
Move around in a node |
|
Scroll forward |
Spc |
Reverse scrolling |
Del |
At the beginning of the node |
. |
Move between nodes |
|
Next node |
N |
Previous node |
P |
Up a layer |
U |
Select menu items by name |
M |
Select Nth menu item |
N |
Fill in the node |
F |
Returns the node that was last located |
L |
Return to the Directory node |
D |
Jump to any node by name |
G |
Other: |
|
Go to the Quick guide |
H |
Exit information Document |
Q |
Searching for nodes with regular expressions |
M-s |
Register
Save Area to register |
C-x R S |
Inserting the register contents into the buffer |
C-x R I |
Save current position to register |
C-x R SPC |
Jump to a location saved in a register |
C-x R J |
Keyboard macros
Start recording keyboard macros |
C-x ( |
End record Keyboard macro |
C-x) |
Execute the last macro |
C-x E |
Append content to the last keyboard macro |
C-u C-x |
Give the last keyboard macro a name |
M-x Name-last-kbd-macro |
Insert a LISP definition of a keyboard macro into the current buffer |
M-x Insert-kbd-macro |
Quick reference for Emacs common commands