"Graphic TCP/IP" reading notes 1-Network basics

Chapter One: basic knowledge of the network

1 protocol:

Internet->tcp IP HTTP

LAN-Ipx/spx

2 packet communication/packet switching protocol->packet3 OSI Layer-to-layer communication via some protocol

4 data is added to the header, and then separated by layers.

5 Presentation layer Identification Code 6 transmission mode:

Connect-send data after connection is established

No connection-Direct send

TCP: For a connected packet-sending protocol

7 Network communication mode:

Circuit Exchange: Telephone network

Packet switching: TCP/IP is decomposed into packets so that multiple computers can exchange data at the same time

8 Packet Switching:

Routers connect to communication lines

Computer A routes the data into multiple packages

Routing to cache these packets

Then forwarded to target computer B (Queue, FIFO)

The speed of the communication line may be different during packet switching

9 Communication Mode 2:

Unicast Unicast: Fixed phone

Broadcast broadcast: TV play

Multicast Multicast: Video conferencing

Anycast Anycast:dns Server

10 Address:

MAC IP port number, TCP/IP

Two communication principals with the same address are not allowed in the same network

11 Address Layering:

IP sub-network number (network segment) and host number

Addressing mode: MAC, address forwarding ip-> routing control table

12 NIC, NIC, network adapter, LAN card 13 repeater:

Prevents signal decay, expands networks, and does not affect speed and data content

14 Hubs:

Each port can be considered a repeater

15 Bridge (two-layer switch, L2 switch):

Forwards the data according to the data frame content and sends it in full

Connect different network segments (unlimited) to connect different rates of networks

Data Link Layer

16 Switching Hub (hub):

Each interface can be viewed as a network bridge

17 Routers (layer three switches):

Send packet packets to another route by address

Connect two links

Network Bridge, MAC

Routing-IP

18 Load Balancer (4-7 layer switch):

Accelerators, firewalls, etc.

19 Gateways:

Translate between two different protocols

Proxy Server proxies (application gateway)

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