Raspberry Pi configuration file Config.txt

Source: Internet
Author: User
Tags safe mode

Since the Raspberry Pi does not have a traditional BIOS, various system configuration parameters are often present in the text file "Config.txt".
The Raspberry Pi Config.txt file will be read by the GPU before the arm kernel is initialized.
This file exists on the boot partition. For Linux, the path is usually/boot/config.txt, and if it is Windows (or OS X) it will be recognized as an ordinary file in the accessible part of the SD card.

You can use the following command to get the currently activated settings:
-Lists the specified configuration parameters.
-Example: Vcgencmd get_config arm_freq
Vcgencmd Get_config
-List all Set configuration parameters (not 0)
Vcgencmd Get_config int
-List all set character configuration parameters (not 0)
Vcgencmd Get_config Str

File format
The value is in shape when the format is "property = values". Specify only one parameter per line. Note Use the ' # ' pound to start with a line.
Note: There is a # comment for each line in the new Raspberry Pi, just remove # If you want to use the row parameter.

The following is an example file
hdmi_drive=2
hdmi_group=2
Hdmi_mode=16
Overscan_left=20
Overscan_right=12
overscan_top=10
overscan_bottom=10

Memory
Disable_l2cache disables arm access to the GPU's level two cache. The corresponding need to shut down level two cache in the kernel. Default is 0
GPU_MEM GPU memory in megabytes. Sets the memory allocation between arm and GPU. ARM will get all the remaining memory. The minimum is set to 16. Default is 64
gpu_mem_256 for GPU memory settings for Raspberry Pi with 256MB of memory. The 512MB pie is ignored. It overwrites the Gpu_mem. The maximum setting is 192. Not set by default
gpu_mem_512 for GPU memory settings for Raspberry Pi with 512MB of memory. The 256MB pie is ignored. It overwrites the Gpu_mem. The maximum setting is 448. Not set by default
DISABLE_PVT disables the refresh rate of RAM (RAM temperature measurement) every 500 milliseconds.

cma– dynamic Memory allocation
Since November 19, 2012, the firmware and kernel have started to support CMA, which means the runtime can dynamically manage memory allocations between arm and GPU. Here is an example of the relevant config.txt.
CMA_LWM when the GPU available memory is lower than the value set by CMA_LWM, some memory will be requested from arm.
CMA_HWM when the GPU available memory is higher than the value set by CMA_HWM, some memory will be freed to arm.
To enable CMA, the following parameters need to be added to the Cmdline.txt file:
Coherent_pool=6m smsc95xx.turbo_mode=n

Video

Video mode options
Sdtv_mode setting the video format for the composite signal output (default is 0)
Sdtv_mode=0 NTSC
sdtv_mode=1 Japanese version ntsc– no pedestal
sdtv_mode=2 PAL
Sdtv_mode=3 Brazilian version pal– subcarrier is 525/60 instead of 625/50
Sdtv_aspect Setting the aspect ratio for the composite signal output (default is 1)
Sdtv_aspect=1 4:3
sdtv_aspect=2 14:9
Sdtv_aspect=3 16:9
Sdtv_disable_colourburst suppresses the composite signal output color subcarrier group. The picture will appear as monochrome, but it may be clearer
Sdtv_disable_colourburst=1 prohibit output of color subcarrier group
Hdmi_safe use the "Safe mode" setting to try to start with HDMI maximum compatibility. This and the following combination is a meaning: Hdmi_force_hotplug=1, config_hdmi_boost=4, hdmi_group=2, hdmi_mode=4, disable_overscan=0
Hdmi_safe=1
Hdmi_ignore_edid If your display is a garbage product from the Celestial Kingdom, allow the system to ignore EDID display data
hdmi_ignore_edid=0xa5000080
Hdmi_edid_file when set to 1 o'clock, the EDID data will be read from the Edid.dat file instead of from the monitor.
Hdmi_edid_file=1
The Hdmi_force_edid_audio is disguised as a support for all audio formats, even if the report is not supported and is allowed through DTS/AC3.
Hdmi_force_edid_audio=1
Hdmi_force_edid_3d disguised as all CEA models support the whole, even if EDID is not supported.
Hdmi_force_edid_3d=1
Avoid_edid_fuzzy_match suppresses the pattern described in fuzzy matching edid. Even with masking errors, the standard mode of matching resolution and closest frame rate is chosen.
Avoid_edid_fuzzy_match=1
Hdmi_ignore_cec_init does not send initialization activation source messages. Avoid having (CEC-enabled) TV end standby and switching channels when restarting.
Hdmi_ignore_cec_init=1
HDMI_IGNORE_CEC disguised as TV does not support CEC. No CEC functionality will be supported.
Hdmi_ignore_cec=1
Hdmi_force_hotplug disguised as HDMI hot-swappable signal is detected, an HDMI display is connected
Hdmi_force_hotplug=1 Use HDMI mode even if no HDMI monitor is detected
Hdmi_ignore_hotplug disguised as HDMI hot-swappable signal is not detected, an HDMI display is not connected
Hdmi_ignore_hotplug=1 use Mixed Mode even if an HDMI display is detected
Hdmi_pixel_encoding Force pixel encoding mode. The EDID request mode is used by default, so no modification is required.
Hdmi_pixel_encoding=0 default (Limited for CEA, full for DMT)
Hdmi_pixel_encoding=1 RGB Limited (16-235)
hdmi_pixel_encoding=2 RGB Full (0-255)
Hdmi_pixel_encoding=3 YCbCr Limited (16-235)
Hdmi_pixel_encoding=4 YCbCr Limited (0-255)
Hdmi_drive Select HDMI or DVI mode
Hdmi_drive=1 DVI mode (no sound)
hdmi_drive=2 HDMI mode (if supported and enabled will have sound output)
Hdmi_group Setting the HDMI type
If you do not specify a group, or set to 0, the preferred group for EDID reporting will be used.
Hdmi_group=1 CEA
hdmi_group=2 DMT
Hdmi_mode setting the screen resolution in the CEA or DMT format
When Hdmi_group=1 (CEA), the following values are valid
Hdmi_mode=1 VGA
hdmi_mode=2 480p 60Hz
hdmi_mode=3 480p 60Hz H
Hdmi_mode=4 720p 60Hz
Hdmi_mode=5 1080i 60Hz
Hdmi_mode=6 480i 60Hz
hdmi_mode=7 480i 60Hz H
Hdmi_mode=8 240p 60Hz
Hdmi_mode=9 240p 60Hz H
hdmi_mode=10 480i 60Hz 4x
hdmi_mode=11 480i 60Hz 4x H
hdmi_mode=12 240p 60Hz 4x
hdmi_mode=13 240p 60Hz 4x H
hdmi_mode=14 480p 60Hz 2x
hdmi_mode=15 480p 60Hz 2x H
Hdmi_mode=16 1080p 60Hz
Hdmi_mode=17 576p 50Hz
Hdmi_mode=18 576p 50Hz H
hdmi_mode=19 720p 50Hz
HDMI_MODE=20 1080i 50Hz
Hdmi_mode=21 576i 50Hz
hdmi_mode=22 576i 50Hz H
hdmi_mode=23 288p 50Hz
hdmi_mode=24 288p 50Hz H
hdmi_mode=25 576i 50Hz 4x
hdmi_mode=26 576i 50Hz 4x H
hdmi_mode=27 288p 50Hz 4x
hdmi_mode=28 288p 50Hz 4x H
hdmi_mode=29 576p 50Hz 2x
hdmi_mode=30 576p 50Hz 2x H
HDMI_MODE=31 1080p 50Hz
HDMI_MODE=32 1080p 24Hz
Hdmi_mode=33 1080p 25Hz
HDMI_MODE=34 1080p 30Hz
hdmi_mode=35 480p 60Hz 4x
hdmi_mode=36 480p 60Hz 4xH
hdmi_mode=37 576p 50Hz 4x
hdmi_mode=38 576p 50Hz 4x H
hdmi_mode=39 1080i 50Hz Reduced blanking
HDMI_MODE=40 1080i 100Hz
HDMI_MODE=41 720p 100Hz
hdmi_mode=42 576p 100Hz
hdmi_mode=43 576p 100Hz H
hdmi_mode=44 576i 100Hz
hdmi_mode=45 576i 100Hz H
hdmi_mode=46 1080i 120Hz
hdmi_mode=47 720p 120Hz
hdmi_mode=48 480p 120Hz
hdmi_mode=49 480p 120Hz H
Hdmi_mode=50 480i 120Hz
hdmi_mode=51 480i 120Hz H
hdmi_mode=52 576p 200Hz
hdmi_mode=53 576p 200Hz H
hdmi_mode=54 576i 200Hz
hdmi_mode=55 576i 200Hz H
hdmi_mode=56 480p 240Hz
hdmi_mode=57 480p 240Hz H
hdmi_mode=58 480i 240Hz
hdmi_mode=59 480i 240Hz H
H represents 16:9 scale (normal is 4:3).
2x means double pixels (that is, a higher pixel time pulse, two repetitions per pixel)
4x represents four times pixels (i.e. higher pixel time pulse, four repetitions per pixel)
When hdmi_group=2 (DMT), the following values are valid
Warning: As described in this post
Pixel time pulse is limited, the highest supported mode is 1920x1200 @60hz with reduced blanking.
Hdmi_mode=1 640x350 85Hz
hdmi_mode=2 640x400 85Hz
Hdmi_mode=3 720x400 85Hz
hdmi_mode=4 640x480 60Hz
Hdmi_mode=5 640x480 72Hz
Hdmi_mode=6 640x480 75Hz
Hdmi_mode=7 640x480 85Hz
Hdmi_mode=8 800x600 56Hz
Hdmi_mode=9 800x600 60Hz
hdmi_mode=10 800x600 72Hz
hdmi_mode=11 800x600 75Hz
hdmi_mode=12 800x600 85Hz
Hdmi_mode=13 800x600 120Hz
Hdmi_mode=14 848x480 60Hz
hdmi_mode=15 1024x768 43Hz Don't use
hdmi_mode=16 1024x768 60Hz
hdmi_mode=17 1024x768 70Hz
hdmi_mode=18 1024x768 75Hz
hdmi_mode=19 1024x768 85Hz
hdmi_mode=20 1024x768 120Hz
Hdmi_mode=21 1152x864 75Hz
Hdmi_mode=22 1280x768 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=23 1280x768 60Hz
hdmi_mode=24 1280x768 75Hz
Hdmi_mode=25 1280x768 85Hz
Hdmi_mode=26 1280x768 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=27 1280x800 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=28 1280x800 60Hz
hdmi_mode=29 1280x800 75Hz
hdmi_mode=30 1280x800 85Hz
hdmi_mode=31 1280x800 120Hz Reduced blanking
Hdmi_mode=32 1280x960 60Hz
hdmi_mode=33 1280x960 85Hz
hdmi_mode=34 1280x960 120Hz Reduced blanking
Hdmi_mode=35 1280x1024 60Hz
hdmi_mode=36 1280x1024 75Hz
hdmi_mode=37 1280x1024 85Hz
hdmi_mode=38 1280x1024 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=39 1360x768 60Hz
hdmi_mode=40 1360x768 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=41 1400x1050 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=42 1400x1050 60Hz
hdmi_mode=43 1400x1050 75Hz
hdmi_mode=44 1400x1050 85Hz
hdmi_mode=45 1400x1050 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=46 1440x900 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=47 1440x900 60Hz
hdmi_mode=48 1440x900 75Hz
hdmi_mode=49 1440x900 85Hz
Hdmi_mode=50 1440x900 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=51 1600x1200 60Hz
hdmi_mode=52 1600x1200 65Hz
hdmi_mode=53 1600x1200 70Hz
hdmi_mode=54 1600x1200 75Hz
Hdmi_mode=55 1600x1200 85Hz
hdmi_mode=56 1600x1200 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=57 1680x1050 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=58 1680x1050 60Hz
hdmi_mode=59 1680x1050 75Hz
hdmi_mode=60 1680x1050 85Hz
hdmi_mode=61 1680x1050 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=62 1792x1344 60Hz
hdmi_mode=63 1792x1344 75Hz
hdmi_mode=64 1792x1344 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=65 1856x1392 60Hz
hdmi_mode=66 1856x1392 75Hz
hdmi_mode=67 1856x1392 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=68 1920x1200 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=69 1920x1200 60Hz
Hdmi_mode=70 1920x1200 75Hz
hdmi_mode=71 1920x1200 85Hz
hdmi_mode=72 1920x1200 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=73 1920x1440 60Hz
hdmi_mode=74 1920x1440 75Hz
hdmi_mode=75 1920x1440 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=76 2560x1600 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=77 2560x1600 60Hz
hdmi_mode=78 2560x1600 75Hz
hdmi_mode=79 2560x1600 85Hz
hdmi_mode=80 2560x1600 120Hz Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=81 1366x768 60Hz
hdmi_mode=82 1080p 60Hz
hdmi_mode=83 1600x900 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=84 1920x1200 Reduced blanking
hdmi_mode=85 720p 60Hz
Hdmi_mode=86 1366x768 Reduced blanking
Overscan_left left Skip pixels
Overscan_right Right Skip pixels
Overscan_top Top Skip pixels
Overscan_bottom Bottom Skip pixels
Framebuffer_width the framebuffer width of the console, in pixels. The default is display width minus out of scan.
Framebuffer_height the console framebuffer height, in pixels. The default is display height minus out of scan.
Framebuffer_depth the console framebuffer depth, in bits. The default is 16 bits. The 8-bit is also valid, but the default RGB palette causes the screen to be unreadable. The 24-bit effect was better, but June 15, 2012 revealed a confusing problem. 32 bit no confusion problem, but need to set framebuffer_ignore_alpha=1, and on June 15, 2012 found color display error.
Framebuffer_ignore_alpha set to 1 disables the alpha channel. Valid for 32 bits only.
Test_mode allows sound and image testing at startup.
Disable_overscan set to 1 disables out-of-scan.
Config_hdmi_boost sets the signal strength of the HDMI interface. The default is 0. If there is an HDMI interference problem, you can try setting it to 4. The maximum is 7.
Display_rotate Rotate the screen clockwise (default is 0) or flip the display.
Display_rotate=0 Normal
Display_rotate=1 90 degrees
display_rotate=2 180 degrees
display_rotate=3 270 Degrees
display_rotate=0x10000 Horizontal Flip
display_rotate=0x20000 Vertical Flip
Note: Rotating 90 degrees or 270 degrees requires additional GPU memory, so the rotation will not work when the GPU is only assigned to 16M. Possible causes:
Crashes my RPI before Linux boots if set to "1"-rew 20120913.

What values are valid for my monitor?

Your HDMI monitor may only support a subset of the settings. To find out which settings are supported, you can use the following method.
Set the output format to VGA 60Hz (hdmi_group=1 hdmi_mode=1) and start the Raspberry Pi.
Enter the following command to get a list of CEA support modes
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice-m CEA
Enter the following command to get a list of the DMT support modes
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice-m DMT
Enter the following command to get the current setting state
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice-s
Enter the following command to get more details from the display
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice-d Edid.dat/opt/vc/bin/edidparser Edid.dat
The Edid.dat file also provides information when using the default HDMI mode to troubleshoot problems

Licensed decoder

You can purchase a certificate that binds the CPU serial number of the Raspberry Pi to use the additional hardware decoder.
The DECODE_MPG2 can turn on the serial number of the MPEG-2 hard solution.
decode_mpg2=0x12345678
The DECODE_WVC1 can turn on the serial number of the VC-1 hard solution.
decode_wvc1=0x12345678
The serial number of the SD card can be shared among multiple Raspberry Pi. Up to 8 certificates at a time.
decode_xxxx=0x12345678,0xabcdabcd,0x87654321,...

Start

Disable_commandline_tags prevents start.elf by overwriting atags (memory at 0x100) before booting the kernel
CmdLine (String) command-line arguments. Use to replace cmdline.txt files
Kernel (string) loads the kernel image file with the specified name to boot the kernel. The default is "Kernel.img"
Kernel_address Loading kernel.img file address
Kernel_old (BOOL) is 1 o'clock, loading the kernel from 0x0
Ramfsfile (string) to load the Ramfs file
Ramfsaddr the Ramfs file address to load
Initramfs (string address) The Ramfs file to be loaded and its addresses (that is, merging ramfsfile+ramfsaddr into one).
Note: This uses a different syntax than other items – do not use the "=" sign here. The correct example:
Initramfs initramf.gz 0x00800000
Device_tree_address Loading the Device_tree address
Init_uart_baud initializes the UART baud rate. Default is 115200
Init_uart_clock initializes the UART timing. Default is 3000000 (3Mhz)
Init_emmc_clock initializes the eMMC timing. Default is 100000000 (100MHz)
Boot_delay waits for a specified second in start.elf before loading the kernel. Total Delay =1000 * boot_delay + Boot_delay_ms. Default is 1
Boot_delay_ms waits for a specified millisecond in start.elf before loading the kernel. Default is 0
Avoid_safe_mode if set to 1, it will not start in safe mode. Default is 0

Overclocking

Note: Set any parameters to overclock the Raspberry Pi will permanently store a warranty bit on the chip to detect if your Raspberry Pi has been overclocked. If the device overclocking the warranty is not valid. Since September 19, 2012, you are free to overclock without compromising the warranty.
The latest kernel has a CPU frequency kernel driver that turns on the "OnDemand" governor by default. Overclocking without turning on does not have any effect. Once you turn on overclocking, the arm frequency will vary with the processor load. Non-default values are used only when the governor requires it. You can use the *_min configuration option to adjust the minimum value, or use Force_turbo=1 to disable dynamic overclocking.

When the chip temperature reaches 85°c, the overclocking and overpressure are turned off until cooled. Do not let the temperature reach the limit even if the highest setting is used at 25°c ambient temperature.

Overclocking options

Parameter description
Arm_freq arm frequency, measured in MHz. Default is 700
Gpu_freq also set Core_freq, H264_freq, Isp_freq, v3d_freq. Default is 250
Core_freq GPU Processor Core frequency, measured in MHz. The performance of the arm is impacted by the GPU's ability to drive a level two cache. Default is 250
H264_freq Video Hard-Solution module frequency, in MHz. Default is 250
Isp_freq image sensor Pipe module frequency, in MHz. Default is 250
V3d_freq 3D module frequency, in MHz. Default is 250
AVOID_PWM_PLL do not use the phase-locked loop in PWM audio. This will slightly reduce the effect of analog audio. The idle phase-locked loop allows the core_freq to be set independently from the remaining GPU, which will have more privileges than overclocking. Default is 0
Sdram_freq SDRAM frequency, measured in MHz. Default is 400
Over_voltage Arm/gpu core voltage regulation. [ -16,8] Using 0.025V step is equivalent to [0.8v,1.4v]. The default is 0 (1.2V). Only if the Force_turbo or current_limit_override is specified (the warranty bit is set), the value is more than 6
Over_voltage_sdram simultaneously set Over_voltage_sdram_c, Over_voltage_sdram_i, over_voltage_sdram_p
OVER_VOLTAGE_SDRAM_C SDRAM controller voltage regulation. [ -16,8] Using 0.025V step is equivalent to [0.8v,1.4v]. Default is 0 (1.2V)
Over_voltage_sdram_i SDRAM I/O voltage regulation. [ -16,8] Using 0.025V step is equivalent to [0.8v,1.4v]. Default is 0 (1.2V)
OVER_VOLTAGE_SDRAM_P SDRAM PHY voltage regulation. [ -16,8] Using 0.025V step is equivalent to [0.8v,1.4v]. Default is 0 (1.2V)
Force_turbo turn off the dynamic CPU frequency drive and the following minimum settings. Turn on H264/v3d/isp overclocking. The default is 0. The warranty bit is set.
The Initial_turbo starts with a specified number of seconds (up to 60) or a CPU frequency to turn on haste mode. If already overclocking, can improve the SD card error problem. Default is 0
Arm_freq_min sets the minimum arm_freq for dynamic timing. Default is 700
Core_freq_min sets the minimum core_freq for dynamic timing. Default is 250
Sdram_freq_min sets the minimum sdram_freq for dynamic timing. Default is 400
Over_voltage_min sets the minimum over_voltage of the dynamic timing. Default is 0
Temp_limit overheating protection. When the chip reaches the specified temperature, it switches the timing and power to the default value. Setting this value above the default value will affect the warranty. Default is 85
Current_limit_override Disable SMPs Current limit protection when set to "0x5a000020″". Setting this key can be helpful when overclocking too high to reboot. The warranty bit is set.

Force_turbo mode
Force_turbo=0
Turn on the dynamic timing and voltage of the arm core, GPU core, and SDRAM. When busy, the arm frequency will be increased to "arm_freq" and reduced to "arm_freq_min" when idle. "Core_freq", "Sdram_freq" and "over_voltage" behave the same. "Over_voltage" up to 6 (1.35V). Non-default values for the H264/v3d/isp section are ignored.
Force_turbo=1
The dynamic timing is turned off, so all frequencies and voltages are maintained at high values. The overclocking of the H264/v3d/isp GPU section is also turned on, equivalent to setting "Over_voltage" to 8 (1.4V).

Timing relationships

GPU Cores, H264, v3d, and ISPs share a phase-locked loop, so the associated frequency is required. ARM, SDRAM and GPU have their own PLL, so it can be set to no associated frequency.

When set "Avoid_pwm_pll=1″ the following settings are not necessary."
Pll_freq = Floor (2400/(2 * core_freq)) * (2 * core_freq)
Gpu_freq = Pll_freq/[even]
Effective Gpu_freq will automatically four to the nearest integral type even, so the request Core_freq to 300, gpu_freq, calculate 2000/300 = 6.666 = 6, the result is 333.33MHz.

Tested overclocking Settings

The following table shows some successful overclocking attempts that can guide you through overclocking. These settings do not necessarily succeed on every Raspberry Pi, and shorten the lifetime of the high-pass chip.

Arm_freq gpu_freq core_freq h264_freq isp_freq v3d_freq sdram_freq over_voltage Over_voltage_sdram
800
900 275 500
900 450 450
930 350 500
1000 500 500 6
1050 6
1150 500 600 8
This is a report showing that Hynix's RAM does not perform as well as the RAM produced by Samsung.

SD card use when overclocking

Set SD card: Http://elinux.org/RPi_Easy_SD_Card_Setup
Overclocking using a 6-speed or 10-speed SD card (SHDC/SHDX) will cause the Raspberry Pi to read SD card file system instability in some days.
Either Ext4, NTFS, or other formats are the same.
Regardless of which SD card manufacturer is the same.
Whichever version of the Raspberry Pi is the same.
This is independent of the SD card capacity – The actual verification occurs on a 16G or larger SD card.
! The key is when you're running out of Raspberry Pi power, which is less than the basic setup needs of the Raspberry Pi!
Popcornmix published in https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/280:
"Overclocking will cause SD card errors. This is often related to the board (that is, some Raspberry Pi overclocking after the SD card is OK, some do not).
I think it's usually core_freq caused by the SD card problem (and Arm_freq,sdram_freq) "
In April 2013, when writing this hint, a total of 137 questions about SD were in the Raspberry Pi official forum, most of which were related to overclocking.
If you use a 6-speed or 10-speed SD card, you also want the Raspberry Pi to run stably: Do not try overclocking, or you will likely lose data

Monitoring temperature and voltage

To detect the temperature of the Raspberry Pi, see:/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp
To detect the current frequency of the Raspberry Pi, see:/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
To detect the voltage of the Raspberry Pi power supply unit, you need a avometer, connect the Power test point, or the expansion head.

In general, keep the core temperature below 70 degrees and the voltage above 4.8V. (also note, do not use the cheap USB power supply, that is basically 4.2V, this is because it is designed to charge 3.7V lithium batteries, simply can not provide a stable 5V voltage for the Raspberry Pi). Also, it's a good idea to use a heatsink, especially if you put the Raspberry Pi in the shell. A suitable radiator is a self-adhesive grid-like 14x14x10 mm heatsink.

overclocking Stability Test

Most overclocking problems can occur immediately, but there is a file system problem over time. This is a script to stress test the system, especially the SD card. If the script is completed and the DMESG does not prompt for any errors, the overclocking settings you make may be more stable.

If the system crashes, hold down the SHIFT key while restarting, which temporarily turns off all overclocking. Also, note that the SD card problem is usually caused by core_freq, and do not get a big jump (from 1 MHz) to the Raspi-config preset high-speed (950 MHz) and overspeed (up to three MHz).

Raspberry Pi configuration file Config.txt

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