[Reading Notes-learning methods] how to learn efficiently-Scott Yang

Part 1 Holistic Learning Strategy 1.1 what is holistic learning

• Holistic learning requires multiple approaches to comprehensive learning, rather than trying to replicate a perfect copy in the brain.
• Holistic learning is the use of rich neural networks in your brain to absorb and integrate information.
• Holistic learning is about creating a network of information , a knowledge that is interconnected with another knowledge, and interconnected knowledge networks that enable you to truly fully understand the knowledge and harness it easily.

1.2 Holistic learning is based on three main points of view

1. Structure
2. Model
3. Expressway

1.21 structure

Structure means a series of closely related knowledge systems.

To make an analogy:
The structure is like a city in your mind, there are many buildings in the city, there are roads connected between buildings, some buildings are tall and important, and hundreds of roads are connected to other buildings in the city.

Understanding is the result of a highly developed and improved structure.

• Are there some disciplines you can easily "take"? You read the books of these subjects effortlessly and with interest, what is the reason why everything seems so plain and popular? Because you have a developed knowledge structure of these subjects in your head. If the structure is the head of the city, then these cities must be the road in all directions, clean roads and orderly traffic, although busy, but never see traffic jams.

• On the contrary, why are some disciplines so difficult to understand? This shows that the city is poor, the road is not smooth, even disorderly construction, illegal buildings, tofu slag works abound, some roads and even no point.

To build a good knowledge structure is to draw a good map, that is, to build a well-designed city. So when building a knowledge structure, your goal is to create as many connections as possible between the various kinds of knowledge , and the wise will naturally do so, and each learning a new concept will automatically be associated with other knowledge.

1.22 Models

The model is a simplified structure, a snapshot of the structure, simpler and easier to store.

By linking some core concepts together, you can create a model.

To make an analogy:
The catalogue of books.

A model is a form of compression that presses multiple key ideas into one place.

The model is like the seed of the structure, is the foundation and frame of a building, is the concept of the core of knowledge, on this basis will lead to the whole knowledge.

1.23 Highways

Expressway is the link between knowledge system (structure).

To make an analogy:
The highways between cities.

Highways can inspire creativity. Thinking outside the box is the most appropriate way to describe those who think outside of the structure. The highway allows them to think in an unprecedented way, and to think in a way that they have never thought about, and that is creating. The use of highways can create new structures in areas of professional crossover.

1.3 Order of the holistic learning

1. Get
2. Understand
3. Expand
4. Error correcting
5. Application

1.31 get

Acquisition refers to the process by which information is entered into the brain.

Access to information has three main goals

1. Simplification: Remove useless things as much as possible, and only those examples that help shape the model need to be studied carefully.
2. Capacity: Get as much information as possible.
3. Speed: Maximize the speed of getting information.

1.32 Understanding

Understanding does not mean staying on the surface of the information, but also knowing how the information (formula) is derived and how it relates to other information (formulas).

1.33 Development

Outreach: Use models to Lai Jianhua and expand your knowledge structure, as well as broaden your understanding of knowledge.

A holistic learner who learns a new formula will ask:

• How did the formula come about?
• What is the true meaning of each component in the formula?
• What elements in the formula can be changed?
• How will this change lead to a change in outcome?
• What are the similarities and differences between the other formulas and the formula?

There are three main ways of expanding:

1. Deep expansion (Knowledge background Inquiry): Create connections within the information.
2. Horizontal outreach (similar to Knowledge exploration): What are the similar conclusions? What are those places like? Where are those different places?
3. Vertical expansion (Creative Exploration): Establish high-speed channels between structures and connect different knowledge systems.

1.34 Error correction

Error correction can be seen in the overall knowledge of the network to do pruning work, add some special examples, remove some of the actual non-existent links, this is not a perfect process, pruning work is necessary.

1.35 Application Phase

Application is the ultimate goal of learning, can be done to better adapt to the real world.

The concept is not only to understand, but to form a feeling .

1.36 test phase

Five phases are tested, and testing gives you an idea of what a weakness is and how to improve it.

1. Get the test of the phase-have I read or heard this knowledge before?
2. Understanding stage Testing-do I understand the meaning of knowledge?
3. The development phase of testing--I know where knowledge comes from, and what knowledge is associated with it?
4. Test of the error correction phase--Did I delete the inappropriate links? Did I delete the wrong conclusions?
5. Application phase testing-Have I put my knowledge into real life?

1.4 Identifying weaknesses

1. Get the stage--develop a good habit of learning, reading and taking notes.
2. Understanding phase--slowing down the reading speed and looking for different statements.
3. Expand the stage-increase flexibility, do extrapolate, comprehend by analogy.
4. Error-correcting phase-a rigorous examination of the established links.
5. Application phase------throw away books, do experiments, touch life.

1.5 Information structure

1. Random information: Lack of logical classification of more fragmented knowledge.
2. Point of view: information that exists in the debate.
3. Process information: Tells a series of actions, actions, and information.
4. Specific information: Real life can be observed, heard, touch the information.
5. Abstract information: Difficult to understand, but logic is strong, need to think abstractly understand the information.

Part 2 Holistic Learning Technology 2.1 acquiring knowledge

1. Quick Reading
2. Note Stream

2.11 Quick Reading

1. Finger reading: Helping to read with your fingers
2. Practice reading: Two times to read the same information at the same time, to understand the extent
3. Positive reading method (for difficult to understand knowledge)
   
   • What is the main point of this section?
   • How can I remember the main points
   • How do I expand my main ideas and apply them?

2.12 Note Stream

Making a note stream:

1. When using a note stream, first write down the main point of view and try to replace the complete sentence with a short word.
2. Once you have written a point, the next step is to draw some arrows between this and other points of view, rather than building a pyramid-like structure, but presenting an interrelated relationship.

Two kinds of note streams:

• Note Flow in class: Follow the regular notes in class, and make the standard notes flow after class according to the contents of the notes.

• Commentary flow: First write down the most critical information, then add a link between the information

2.2 Contact View

After acquiring knowledge, only understanding the superficial meaning of knowledge is generally not in the mind, we need to use the skills to understand and expand this knowledge.

2.21 analogy

Metaphor is a bridge of communication between unfamiliar knowledge and familiar knowledge.

Steps to figure out the metaphor:

1. Identify the information you want to understand and remember deeply.
2. In your personal experience to find something similar to the information section, to achieve full compliance is not possible, so instead of looking for a fully compliant with the thing, it is better to make concessions, to find more than 10 parts of the "imperfect metaphor", in the above example I think of the snow walking.
3. Repeat the process to check for inappropriate metaphors. For example, walking in snow is a linear trace, and the cranial nerves are intricate networks.

The skill of using figurative method

• To have the desire to find a metaphor
• Notice the first thought that comes to mind
• Optimize and test your metaphor (find a few more metaphors)

2.22 internalization

Internalization: Images appear in the mind, with sound, touch and emotion

Note: The intrinsic effect of the specific information is best, and abstract information is best suited to the figurative method

How to Internalize

1. Define the concepts you want to internalize. Is this a biological process, or is it a function in programming or a mathematical concept?
2. Start by building the image in your mind. If you are not accustomed to internalization, you can first try to draw a rough picture of the concept on paper, after many attempts, you will be directly in the mind to imagine.
3. is the image in your mind static, or is it a lifelike dynamic scene? Mastering a determinant takes several steps, so make the image move as if you were watching a movie.
4. Now start adding other senses. Try to take it with your hand, touch it, open it, smell it, listen to it, use all the senses of your body, and connect all the sensations to the images of motion.
5. Add more sensations or emotions.
6. Repeat and optimize the image until you think about it quickly to recall knowledge.

2.23 Chart method

1. Flowchart: a series of steps; historical events; a system.
2. Concept map: The intrinsic relationship between viewpoints
3. Image: The use of rough and simple graffiti instead of text, including the point of view and the link between views.

2.3 Handling of random information

1. Associative method
2. Hook method
3. Information compression Technology

2.31 Associative method

Joint idea: to string together a series of ideas, like a chain.

The steps of the Lenovo method:
1. Creation Order
2. Give each preset a symbol
3. Create your own Lenovo, the relationship between the front and rear items

2.32 Hook method

Hook method: The information that will be remembered is associated with the number.

2.33 Information Compression Technology

Information compression: Reducing the capacity of information and finding the logical relationship of information

Three ways to compress information:

• Memory: A way to store several messages in a single phrase

  1. Image contact: A simple symbol replaces each message, and then places the symbols in an image

  2. Note compression:

  3. Take some empty white paper. Get ready to compress the notes, this exercise may take up to one or two hours, so make sure you have so much time.

     • Write down the main points in your notes with the smallest words. Use as few words as possible.
     • Then write down the ideas, formulas, concepts, or definitions associated with them. Write smaller and write less and save space as much as possible.
     • Continue the process of writing down the above-mentioned freedoms until you have written down every major point in your notes. In the end, you get about a piece of paper that is densely filled with information.
     • Sometimes, it can be further, the above compressed content processing, decoration more organized, better looking.

2.4 Project-Based learning

The project-based learning approach is simply to set a goal that takes 1-3 months to achieve, the process of achieving the goal is the process of learning, reaching the goal has achieved the effect of learning. In order to complete the project, you must study hard around the goal, and project-based learning conforms to every process of holistic learning.

2.5 Practical application of holistic learning techniques-Feynman skills

Feynman tips:

The first step: Choose the concept to learn
First choose the concept you intend to understand deeply, take an empty piece of paper, and write the name of the concept at the top.

The second step: Imagine you are a teacher, is trying to teach a new student this knowledge point
In this step you have to imagine that you are trying to get a student who doesn't have the knowledge to understand and record your explanation. This step is crucial because you will understand better when you interpret the knowledge that you understand or do not understand, and where you have not previously understood it.

Step three: When you feel confused, go back.
Whenever you are confused, don't rush down, study is not a one-way street, go back, re-read the reference material, listen to lectures or ask the teacher to answer, until you feel understood, and then put the explanation on paper.

Fourth step: simplification and metaphor
If your explanation is very wordy or difficult, try to rephrase it in simple, straightforward language, or find an appropriate metaphor to better understand it.

You can use this technique to find out exactly what you don't understand, and then you can go through the textbook, take notes, or ask your teacher to find out what key knowledge you missed.

Feynman's skills are a really good way to self-test and examine the level of knowledge. Because if you can explain your ideas in your own words without flipping through textbooks, it means that you really understand the point.

Part 3 beyond Holistic learning 3.1 becomes a key point for effective students:

1. Energy Management
2. Don't "Learn" (Don ' t study)
3. Never delay time.
4. Batch Processing
5. An organized

3.11 Energy Management

• Increase your energy reserves.

  • Stick to Sports
  • Plenty of sleep
  • Eat more coarse fiber, rough food
  • Drink more water
  • Eat fewer and more meals

• Change the schedule from linear to cyclic

  • One day a week off
  • Work is done during the day
  • Set 90 minutes to focus on a task

3.12 Do not study

Most students feel guilty if they can't stay in the library and sit in front of a desk and meditate. So student life becomes a long-lasting process of self-struggle--always trying to learn more ', but always feeling a little harvest. This is like always make a meal of the appearance, but eat not much, digestion is not enough, absorption is also not good, such learning effect how possible?

Instead of "learning" (learning is like the whole process of chewing, digesting and absorbing food, it is not a seemingly "eating" action.) People can't eat forever, so learning is not sitting in front of the desk as long as possible, learning to choose the food to eat (information), chewing (understand stage), digestion (understanding stage), absorption (Application stage). The definition of learning: Learning does not mean sitting at a desk for 12 hours, or insisting on reading every day. These are the appearances of learning, not the essence of learning.

3.13 No delay

Week/day Target system:

1. Every weekend, make a list of all the tasks, assignments, and reading and learning activities you want to complete next week.

2. Every night, check the weekly schedule and list the daily targets.

3.14 Batch Processing

Batching means concentrating those similar, scattered work together once. Batching helps save time because you can focus on time and effort.

For example: One time a week to read the material to read at once, and take another time to write three or four consecutive articles.

Usage tips for batch processing:

• Batching is best used to put together fragmented work that takes a long time.

• Complete the job at once. If a job takes no more than 8 hours, I sit on the stool and bang finish it. It will take a lot of time to complete an article that can be finished in 3 hours, divided into 15 times, and each time it takes time to re-muster the passion of writing to begin formal writing.

• Raise the attention threshold value. The attention threshold is the maximum amount of time that a task is concentrated and the attention is dropped sharply over that time. By constantly accepting more and more batches, you can gradually increase your attention threshold. The higher the threshold value, the greater the amount of work that can be done at once.

3.15 Organized

Let you become organized:

• All items are placed in a fixed position. assignments, assignments, and date dates are recorded in a fixed place. The result of no fixed place is chaos. Find a place to put things, it will be easier to put in order.

• Carry a notepad with you. Keep track of it every day, and accumulate it.

• Keep your calendar and list of things. Apply a work list to record tasks and goals, use a calendar to record what to do and deadlines.

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[Reading Notes-learning methods] how to learn efficiently-Scott Yang