Relationship of IP address, subnet mask, gateway, DNS

What is an IP address

The so-called IP address is a 32bit address assigned to each host connected to the Internet. In accordance with the TCP/IP protocol, IPs are represented by binary, each IP address is 32bit long and bits are converted to bytes, which is 4 bytes. For example, a binary form of the IP address is "00001010000000000000000000000001", so long address, people are too laborious to deal with. In order to facilitate people's use, IP addresses are often written in decimal form, using symbols in the middle "." Separate the different bytes. As a result, the above IP address can be represented as "10.0.0.1". This notation of IP addresses is called "Dotted decimal notation", which is obviously much easier to remember than 1 and 0.



What is a subnet mask

A subnet mask (subnet mask), also known as a netmask, address mask, subnet mask, is a bitmask that indicates which bits of an IP address are identified by the subnet on which the host resides and which bits identify the host. The subnet mask cannot exist alone, it must be used in conjunction with an IP address. The subnet mask has only one function, which is to divide an IP address into two parts: network address and host address.

What is a gateway

Gateways (Gateway) are also known as inter-network connectors, protocol converters. Gateway on the transport layer to achieve network interconnection, is the most complex network interconnection devices, only for two high-level protocols different network interconnection. Gateways can be used for both WAN interconnection and LAN interconnection. A gateway is a computer system or device that acts as a transformation task. The gateway is a translator between two systems that use different communication protocols, data formats or languages, and even architectures that are completely different. Unlike bridges, which simply convey information, the Gateway will repackage the information received to suit the needs of the intended system. The gateway can also provide filtering and security features. Most gateways run on the top layer of the OSI 7 layer protocol-the application layer.



What DNS

DNS is the abbreviation for the domain Name System and is a core service of the Internet as a distributed database that maps domain names and IP addresses to each other, making it easier for people to access the Internet without remembering the number of IP strings that can be read directly by the machine.



relationship of IP address, subnet mask, gateway, DNS

An IP address that indicates your computer's identity! A subnet mask, which can be used to indicate the subnet partition, the subnet to which it belongs. Default gateway, packet default selection of exits! Your router is usually the address! DNS server, the domain name of the website into a computer can read the IP address! In short, the subnet mask is to determine the two IP address, is not in the same network segment (or subnet), in the same network segment of two addresses, can communicate directly. Whether it is through the IP address or through the "computer name", it is possible. If two IP addresses are not in the same network segment, the gateway address is required for computers (also IP addresses) that want to access another segment of the network via an IP address. The gateway address is the address of the exit, and the gateway address is your nearest exit address. The gateway address is always the same network segment as the IP address of your computer. This is very important. If two computers are not on the same network segment, if you want to use a computer name (that is, a name like Compute1, CP2, called the NetBIOS name), you must use a WINS server to resolve (or manually edit the native Hosts file). This is what WINS servers do. If two computers are not on the same network segment.

Relationship of IP address, subnet mask, gateway, DNS