[Reprint]15+ The use of a tar command, with an example

15+ the use of a tar command, with example http://www.oschina.net/question/12_146379

April 23 The development system practice >>>» of Wuhan OSC source--es6

The tar command is used to package many files into a single tape or disk archive, and to recover a list of files from an archive file. Useful when you need to send a large number of files by email or when transferring files. Here we introduce some basic usage scenarios.

The syntax for tar:

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1	# tar [options] file.tar file1 file2 .. .. ..

File.tar is a tar archive, while other file1 and File2 are the files to be packaged.

For example we have two files File1.txt and File2.txt

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1234	[[email protected] TAR]# lltotal 8-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2770 Feb  7 22:37 file1.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  887 Feb  7 22:38 file2.txt

Common usage scenarios for tar

Create a tar file
Grammar:

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1	# tar -cf archive.tar files .. ..

Example:

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123	[[email protected] TAR]# tar -cf file.tar file1.txt file2.txt[[email protected] TAR]# ll file.tar -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10240 Feb  7 22:42 file.tar

List all files in the tar file

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1	# tar -tf archive.tar

Example:

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123	[[email protected] TAR]# tar -tf file.tar file1.txtfile2.txt

Extract all files from tar

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1	tar-xf archive.tar

Example

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123456

[[email protected] TAR]# tar -xf file.tar [[email protected] TAR]# lltotal 20-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  2770 Feb  7 22:37 file1.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   887 Feb  7 22:38 file2.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10240 Feb  7 22:42 file.tar

Parameter options

1,-v,–verbose
verbosely List Files processed:
Syntax:
List all files in an Archive.tar verbosely:

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1	tar-tvf archive.tar

Example:

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123	[[email protected] TAR]# tar -tvf file.tar -rw-r--r-- root/root2770 2014-02-07 22:37 file1.txt-rw-r--r-- root/root887 2014-02-07 22:38 file2.txt

2,-c,–create
Create a new archive file

3,-t,–list
List the contents of the archive file

4,-x,–extract,–get
Extracting files from the archive

5,-d,–diff,–compare
Compare archiving and file system differences
Example:

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12345678910111213141516

[[email protected] TAR]# tar -tf file.tar file2.txtfile3.txtfile1.txt[[email protected] TAR]# tar -df file.tar file1.txt file2.txt file4.txttar: file4.txt: Not found in archivetar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors----Verbosely----[r[email protected] TAR]# tar -dvf file.tar file1.txt file2.txt file2.txtfile1.txt[[email protected] TAR]# tar -dvf file.tar file1.txt file2.txt file6.txtfile2.txtfile1.txttar: file6.txt: Not found in archivetar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors

6,–delete
Delete a file from the archive
Example:
Remove File1.txt from archive File.tar

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123	[[email protected] TAR]# tar --delete -f  file.tar  file1.txt [[email protected] TAR]# tar -tf file.tarfile2.txt

7,-r,–append
Append files to the archive
Example:
Append File3.txt to File.tar

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12345

[[email protected] TAR]# tar -rf file.tar file3.txt[[email protected] TAR]# tar -tf file.tarfile1.txtfile2.txtfile3.txt

8,-a,–catenate,–concatenate
Append a tar archive to another archive file
Create a different tar file

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1	[[email protected] TAR]# tar -cf archive.tar file1.txt file3.txt

Append method:

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1234567

[[email protected] TAR]# tar -Af file.tar archive.tar[[email protected] TAR]# tar -tf file.tar file2.txtfile3.txtfile1.txtfile1.txtfile3.txt

9,–test-label
Test archive volume label and exit

Ten,-u,–update
Append only up-to-date files
Example:

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12345678

[[email protected] TAR]# tar -tf file.tar file1.txtfile2.txt[[email protected] TAR]# tar -uf file.tar file1.txt file3.txt file2.txt[[email protected] TAR]# tar -tf file.tar file1.txtfile2.txtfile3.txt

One by one,-c,–directory=dir
Change Directory to DIR

For example:
Extract files to a different directory

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123456789

[[email protected] TAR]# tar -xvf file.tar -C /root/TAR2file1.txtfile2.txt[[email protected] TAR]# cd -/root/TAR2[[email protected] TAR2]# lltotal 28-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 23250 Feb  7 23:11 file1.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   887 Feb  7 22:38 file2.txt

-p,–preserve-permissions,
Retain the original file permissions when extracting files

Compress archive files, use BZIP and GZIP two ways

Parameters related to compression

-J,–BZIP2,
Compressing an archive using bzip2

Example:

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1234567

[[email protected] TAR] # tar-jcf file.tar.bz file2.txt file1.txt [[email protected] TAR] # ll total -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 23250 feb  7 23:11 file1.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root   887 feb  7 22:38 file2.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30720 feb  7 23:30 file tar -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1797 feb  7 23:42 file tar .bz

See, the file size above is reduced by BZIP to 1797 bytes.

-z,–gzip,
Archive with gzip compression

Example:

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12345678

[[email protected] TAR]# tar -zcf file.tar.gz file2.txt file1.txt[[email protected] TAR]# lltotal 132-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 23250 Feb  7 23:11 file1.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   887 Feb  7 22:38 file2.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30720 Feb  7 23:30 file.tar-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1797 Feb  7 23:42 file.tar.bz-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1673 Feb  7 23:45 file.tar.gz

That's it!

[Reprint]15+ The use of a tar command, with an example