Required series of PC hardware knowledge-Radiator

 

[Directory]

I. Preface

Ii. Air-cooled radiator
1. Dimensions, speed, air volume, noise, and temperature control of heat dissipation fans
2. Factors Related to heat sink-materials, Fin blades, and heat pipes
3. Thermal Conductivity-coating of silicon Grease

Iii. Liquid cooling radiator
* Advantages
*. Disadvantages

Iv. Summary

V. Recommended mainstream models

 

I. Preface

Today, as the CPU Manufacturing Process matures, its heat value also shows an increasingly small trend, and our dependence on the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator will become increasingly low. This determines that this article will not have a deep, more theoretical, just some simple, entry-level radiator related knowledge. Even so, due to the limited level of the primary node, some opinions and understandings may be wrong, so we hope that experts in the radiator can promptly point out the errors in this article, the primary master will learn and correct them modestly, so as not to mislead the public. Let's talk about theme ......

As we all know, high temperature is the enemy of integrated circuits. High temperature may not only cause unstable system operation, shorten service life, but may even cause some parts to burn out. The role of the radiator is to absorb the heat and then spread to the chassis or outside the chassis to ensure that the temperature of computer components is normal. There are many kinds of radiators. The CPU, video card, Motherboard chipset, hard disk, chassis, power supply, and even optical drive and memory all require radiators. These different radiators cannot be mixed, among them, the most common contact is the CPU radiator. According to the way to take away heat from the radiator, the radiator can be divided into active heat dissipation and passive heat dissipation. The former is a common air-cooled radiator, while the latter is a common heat sink. Further subdivided heat dissipation methods can be divided into air cooling, heat pipe, liquid cooling, semiconductor cooling, compressor cooling, and so on. The mainstream market, and the most popular heat sink is mainly air-cooled heat sink.

 

Ii. Air-cooled radiator

1. Cooling Fan

[Size]: the size of the fan has a direct impact on the outbound air volume. The larger the size of the fan within the permitted range, the larger the outbound air volume of the fan, and the larger the area of the wind effect. Therefore, the smart version of Xuan ice with 12CM fans is much better than the flagship version of Xuan ice with 9CM fans. In a reasonable range, when other parameters are similar and prices are similar, the larger the fan size is naturally more selective.

[Speed]: within a certain range, the higher the fan speed, the larger the incoming air volume transmitted to the CPU, and the better the cooling effect obtained by the CPU. However, once the fan's rotation speed exceeds its rated value, the fan itself will also generate heat when it is working under overload for a long time. The longer the time, the larger the heat will be generated, at this time, not only does the fan not have a good cooling effect, but it will "add fuel to the fire". In addition, the fan may produce high noise during high-speed operation, A long time may shorten the fan life. Therefore, when we refer to the fan speed, we should take the "hot" line, instead of taking it for granted that the larger the better.

[Air volume]: Fan exhaust volume is a comprehensive indicator. In other words, it is the most direct factor to measure the performance of a fan. The flat and non-angle fan of any fan blade does not form an airflow during rotation. Therefore, the fan blade angle is the decisive factor in the exhaust air volume of the cooling fan. It is easy to test the exhaust air volume of a fan. You just need to put your hand near the heat sink and feel the strength of the blown air. Generally, a good quality fan can still feel the airflow even if we are far away from it, which is a good performance of heat dissipation.

[Noise]: another measure of the quality of the Heat Dissipation fan is the noise size. Imagine that if the purchased fan is very noisy, even if the fan performance is very good, the user will not be steadfast, because the noise will greatly affect our mood when operating the computer. Therefore, when purchasing a fan, it is best to try the fan noise if it is allowed. If it is too large, do not buy it. Of course, the fan noise is not always a fan quality problem, it may also be that the fan's rotating shaft does not work, or the fan is not properly installed. If so, it is best to re-locate the fan, or add some lubricant tO the fan's rotating shaft, to ensure its lubrication effect is good. The rotation of the fan must be stable, otherwise it is easy to produce noise. Therefore, when purchasing the fan, we must remember to check whether the fan axis is loose.

[Temperature control]: whether to automatically adjust the fan speed according to the temperature is also one of the important parameters we should pay attention to when selecting a heat dissipation fan. In most cases, our CPU is not fully loaded. For example, when we listen to music or browse the Web page, the CPU itself is "cool", and the smart temperature control fan can work at a low speed, in this way, the fan that does not support intelligent temperature control will not run at full speed with long eyes, And the mute will naturally be impossible to talk about. How to determine whether a fan supports temperature control only is very simple, look at the Fan Power Supply interface on the line-4 pin table support. (Unless it is a false four-wire, the two boxes are all four-wire, but it is not temperature controlled, pay attention to the distinction; then it is the motherboard of the gigabyte am3 interface, 760, 780, 770,880 and so on all am3 interface gigabyte motherboard, even if the fan is 3 P, still support speed control. It has a temperature control circuit, through the software ET-6 can be adjusted, installed on the fan default Automatic Speed Control)


2. Heat Sink

[Material]: in metal materials, silver has the highest thermal conductivity, but the cost is high. Copper is the second, but it is not easy to process. The heat sink of the Air-cooled radiator is generally made of aluminum alloy, because the processing of the aluminum alloy is good (due to lack of hardness, it is difficult to perform machining), the surface processing is easy, and the cost is low. However, with the increasing demand for heat dissipation, the general trend is to use a variety of materials with high thermal conductivity. Some of the heat sink is made of copper or copper and aluminum. For example, some heat sink bottom uses pure copper, in order to give full play to the advantages of large thermal conductivity of copper, heat transfer is relatively large, while the fin is still using aluminum alloy tablets, In order to easily process, increase the heat transfer area as much as possible to increase the heat transfer rate. However, the biggest difficulty of this method is how to fully connect copper with aluminum fin tablets. If the connection is poor, it will affect the heat dissipation effect.

[Fin]: In addition to absorbing a large amount of heat from the heat source, the task of heat sink is to provide a large enough area for heat transfer, with the combination of Fan convection, immediately emits the heat from the CPU to the air. The primary responsible for heat dissipation is the fin part of the heat sink. The larger the area of convection heat transfer, the larger the heat transfer, of course, must be combined with the air volume wind pressure is large enough fan to achieve. Therefore, when using a heat sink, you need to choose a heat sink of more dense fin.

[Heat pipe]: The heat pipe is not a common "copper tube" we have seen from the demonstration. It is a heat transfer element with extremely high thermal conductivity, the heat conductivity is very high by changing the vapor and liquid phases of the working fluid in the fully enclosed vacuum tube (which can convert heat and work) to transfer heat, up to hundreds of times of copper thermal conductivity, known as "thermal superconducting. The process passes through and the heat pipe radiator with excellent design will have the strong performance that ordinary non-Heat Pipe Air-cooled radiator cannot achieve. The number and width of heat pipes on the radiator affect the heat dissipation performance of the radiator.

3. Heat Conducting media

Fill in the gap between the CPU and the bottom of the radiator using heat conduction medium to increase the contact area between the CPU and the heat sink, and then increase the heat transfer. At present, the heat conducting medium is commonly used silicon Grease (because of its low thermal resistance, high filling and high temperature, it has the characteristics of fluid properties and will not dry, etc., the best use effect ). On the Application of silicon grease, is also pay attention to, specific please refer to: http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2365618825

 

Iii. Liquid cooling radiator

Liquid heat dissipation includes water cooling and oil cooling, which are generally water-cooled.

The water-cooled radiator has the following advantages:
1. higher heat dissipation efficiency.
The general working principle of the water-cooled radiator is: using the ultra-high specific heat capacity of the water, coupled with the rapid push of the water pump, the CPU (or other heat source) heat is taken away, pushed to the cold discharge, the whole heat exchange process is completed by using the cold discharge and air for heat exchange.
2. Less air-cooled air duct and space occupation requirements for the chassis.
Air Cooling and heat dissipation have certain requirements on the radiator and the air duct of the chassis. However, water cooling is much less required on the air duct than air cooling. You can leave the cold exhaust to avoid worrying about the air duct of the chassis. you can install hot accessories in the cold exhaust or even small chassis without worrying about heat dissipation...
3. Easier mute.
Because both the Water-cooled and cold slashes have advantages over the air-cooled slashes, the cold slashes and low-speed slashes can perfectly balance performance and mute.
4. Better visual effects.
Adding lights to the chassis, or using UV water and color tubes can also greatly improve the visual effect. The degree of YY is self-evident ......

Of course, water cooling is not the advantage, otherwise air cooling will not occupy the mainstream of PC cooling ......
Disadvantages of water-cooled radiator:
1. The price is generally more expensive than air cooling.
After all, the price of air-cooled radiators is not acceptable to everyone.
2. Water Cooling is a little troublesome.
In the early stage, you should think about the position of each part, the quantity of the parts, the type of the parts, and the way of the pipe. In particular, the built-in water cooling system should have certain plans for space planning and have certain hands-on capabilities, so as not to be installed after purchase. Pay attention to regularly adding cold nights ......
3. concerning the safety of water cooling (mainly water leakage.
In fact, I want to say that the safety factor of water cooling is still very high. If there is no problem with the product quality, and you are correctly installed, the water leakage may be very low. Of course, if you are a newbie, problems may occur in the initial design, or when an error occurs during installation, the water leakage problem will still come ......

 

 

Iv. Summary

In the final analysis, there are only three kinds of heat dissipation methods: heat conduction, convection, and heat radiation. This is the basic law of physics. It is iron law. No matter what type of radiator or heat dissipation form, it cannot be separated.
Three methods of heat dissipation are briefly introduced: 1. heat Conduction: The aluminum and copper base of the radiator in the PC. Heat Conduction occurs when heat is transferred. 2. convection: PC heat dissipation mainly refers to air convection. The function of a PC fan is to accelerate air convection. In addition, water cooling and heat pipes can also be regarded as a form of convection. heat radiation, which is basically not used in PC heat dissipation. A common example in life is the reflector used by the heater to reflect heat. It should be noted that the electromagnetic radiation is irrelevant in peacetime. (Cut from the clip bar "the radiator of a beaver's broken thoughts")

Due to the introduction of heat pipes, the direct heat conduction between the CPU and the radiator becomes easy, and the heat radiation is not used in the heat dissipation of the PC, so the heat dissipation performance of the radiator should be improved, the breakthrough naturally falls onto "convection. No matter how fancy the appearance of the radiator, the fundamental purpose is only to increase the heat dissipation surface area; the purpose of enhancing the fan's air volume is to speed up air convection. After understanding this, the radiator will basically pass. There is something unclear, as long as it is linked with "enhanced convection", it will be clear ......

Next, let's make a basic summary of the above content:
1. Three Ways of heat dissipation: heat conduction, convection, and heat radiation
2. Air-cooled radiator classification-[tower type (side blow type), downpress type (direct blow type)]; [active type (with fan type), passive type (without fan type )]
3. The larger the fan size, the larger the air volume
4. in a certain range, the higher the fan speed, the greater the air volume and the greater the noise
5. Fan noise is divided into two types: 1. Fan Blade and air friction 2. Resonance
6. the cooling fan that supports smart temperature control is more muted
7. The air-cooled radiator is divided into the tower type and the lower type. Generally, the heat dissipation performance of the tower radiator is better than that of the lower type.
8. The more fins the more the heat sink is, the better the heat dissipation effect.
9. A heat pipe on the radiator is better than a heat pipe without a heat pipe, and the more heat, the better

 

5. Recommended excellent models

1. Air Cooling:

-- [Price 30 ]--
AVC liyue PWM (Intel), AVC rechi PWM (AMD)
These two models are not expensive, temperature control mute; high speed limit, strong temperature control ability, wide range of application

-- [40 price ]--
Super High Frequency three Red Ocean mini
8CM fan, dual Heat Pipe direct touch CPU multi-platform radiator, relatively quiet, outstanding cost effectiveness

-- [60 price ]--
Jiuzhou Fengshen Xuan ice smart Edition
12CM bowl-shaped large fan, 4 pin temperature control, dual Heat Pipe direct touch CPU multi-platform radiator, cost-effective
Cool extreme storm s200
10CM bowl-shaped fan, Double Heat Pipe direct touch CPU multi-platform radiator, relatively quiet

-- [Price 80 ]--
Jiuzhou Fengshen Xuan ice 300
12CM bowl-shaped large fan, 4 pin temperature control, three heat pipe direct touch CPU multi-platform radiator, cost-effective

-- [Price of 100 ]--
Jiuzhou Fengshen Xuan ice 400
12 cm led large fan, 4 pin temperature control, four Heat Pipe direct touch CPU multi-platform radiator, cost-effective

-- [Price of 150 ]--
Min Feng Ling true spirit ts120m
12CM large fan, 4 pin temperature control, four Heat Pipe direct touch CPU multi-platform radiator, head less than Xuan ice 400, good compatibility, cost-effective

-- [Price of 200 ]--
Basic81
12CM large fan, 4 pin temperature control, classic design of Twin Peaks, six heat pipe copper base multi-platform radiator, powerful performance, outstanding cost effectiveness
-- [Price of 300 ]--
Jiuzhou Fengshen dashuang Tower
Standard 12CM fan X 2, 4 pin temperature control, six heat pipe copper base multi-platform radiator, strong wind power, outstanding cost effectiveness

At present, the choice of the CPU radiator is far from the tangle of other parts, what heat level corresponds to what level of radiator. Currently, the Jiuzhou Fengshen Xuan ICE series is suitable for almost all mainstream CPUs, featuring affordable prices, reliable quality, high performance, and good channels. By the way, let's add a few more words, so don't be too worthy of the current CPU heat. AMD's U doesn't know much about it. The AVC at the price of 30 will be able to suppress Intel's full line of U without K!

 

Required series of PC hardware knowledge-Radiator