Research and analysis on dynamic topological coloring of power network based on FO graph library

1 Overview

Dynamic topology coloring is a kind of power system advanced Application System, topology analysis is an important part of electric power speciality, it is the basis of power automation analysis, it directly reflects the power equipment modeling of automation system, provides the system's real-time running network structure, and can be dynamic coloring, Provide users with an intuitive way to understand the operating mode of the system. 2 Data Structures

Topological analysis is essentially an analysis of the connection between devices, on the basis of which the electrical connection between the devices. The state of the equipment in the power system (especially the switchgear) is constantly changing, which makes the electrical connection between the devices constantly changing. How to build a data structure that adapts to the characteristics of the power system becomes the key.

In theory, using basic data structures (arrays, queues, stacks, etc.) and dynamic Data structures (linked lists, trees, graphs, etc.) can be used to achieve topological analysis, but due to the changing nature of the connection relationship, it is obvious that dynamic data structure is more suitable for topological analysis.

The linked list is the most commonly used dynamic data structure, which can express the left and right devices connected to a device in the system, based on the left and right links of the objects (double linked list). 3 noun definition 3.1 definition: Node (connection point, terminal)

A connection point acts as an endpoint of a base graphic or a combination of shapes, as part of the set of graphics entities. Connecting lines can be used to correlate the endpoints between different graphs, and when the shape of the stops is moved, the connector moves accordingly. 3.2 Definition: Link (connection line)

The segment used to connect the endpoint, and cannot be reflexive. The connection line has directionality. The port graphic is connected by a connection line, one port graphic as the start terminal of the connection line, and the end terminal of the other port graphics connector. 3.3 definition: from,to (graphic connection direction)

The from direction indicates the path to which the neighbor target graph is connected from the drawing itself, and the to direction represents the path to which the graphic is connected from the neighbor graphic.

Figure 3.3-1 from direction

Figure 3.3-2 to direction

Table 3.3-3 specification for power equipment Direction 3.4 Definition: source

Source is a branch link formed mainly by a series of power equipment and isolation gates, source is only a virtual branch link, not including connection lines and connection point terminals. The separation of the internal power equipment can determine the corresponding power state of the other side of the coupling.

If source is the input stream of a busbar supply, then the source is the from branch of the bus bar, and if the bus is the input stream of the source source, the source is the to branch of the bus bar.

Figure 3.4 Various branch layouts in the wiring diagram

Trunk1 bus from direction Source:

L Source1: Circuit breaker, isolation knife gate.

Trunk2 bus from direction Source:

L SOURCE3: Isolating the gate, circuit breaker, Transformer, trolley, circuit breaker.

Trunk1 bus to direction Source:

L SOURCE2: Isolating the knife gate. 3.5 Definition: Trunk (busbar)

The trunk is used to enter wires for each branch line and output voltage to other branches. Between trunk and trunk by switch isolation and break circuit breaker switches connected, mainly including 1 circuit breakers, 2 isolation Knife Gate, 2 grounding gate combination.

Figure 3.5-1 Trunk Busbar

1) Trunk and branch mapping relationship:

When the topology algorithm is initialized, the trunk will form a map mapping relationship with branch.

Figure 3.5-2 Trunk1 (branch1-1,branch1-2), Trunk2 (branch2-1)

3.6 Definition: Bridge (coupling switch)

Bridge is used to connect two bus-bar power devices. We stipulate that bridge eventually converges to two trunk busbar, that is, the end point of the connection between the two trunk buses is bridge, which is not allowed to cross the boundary between the two.

Figure 3.6 Bridge 3.7 definition: Switch-1 (coupling isolation gate)

The Switch-1 isolation gate is used to connect two bus-bar power equipment. The separation of this type of gate will change the electrical status of the circuit upstream or downstream.

Figure 3.7-1 Switch-1

1) Bridge and Switch mapping relationship:

When the topology algorithm is initialized, bridge will form a map mapping relationship with Switch-1.

Figure 3.7-2 Bridge (SWITCH1,SWITCH2)

2) Bridge and Trunk mapping relationship:

When the topology algorithm is initialized, bridge will form a map map with the trunk.

Figure 3.7-3 Bridge (trunk1,trunk2) 3.8 definition: Switch-2 (grounding gate)

Switch-2 grounding gate often with circuit breaker supporting the use of electrical equipment. The separation of this type of gate does not change the electrical status of the upstream and downstream circuits.

Figure 3.8 Switch-2

3.9 Definition: Car (CAR)

The car car is used to isolate the electrical equipment connected to both ends. Trolley propulsion, connected with the power supply side, the car pulled off, and the power side separation. The separation of such devices will change the electrical state of the circuit, which is usually used with circuit breaker switches.

Figure 3.9 Car 3.10 Definition: Break (Circuit breaker switch)

The break breaker switch is used to isolate the electrical devices that are wired at both ends. The reverse gate is connected with the power supply side, and the switch is separated from the power supply. The separation of such devices will change the electrical status of the circuit, which is usually used with the car.

Figure 3.10 Break 4 fo graphics library link function 4.1 getallfromlinks

int getallfromlinks (cfodrawshapelist &listlinks)

Return a list of links that from this shape Return the link lines this----;

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listlinks

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.1 getallfromlinks Relationship 4.2 getalllinkfromshapes

int getalllinkfromshapes (cfodrawshapelist &listshapes)

Get all shapes, that links, the From this shape. Return node shapes this----;

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listshapes

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.2 getalllinkfromshapes relationship 4.3 getalllinks

int getalllinks (cfodrawshapelist &listlinks)

Return a list of links that links with this shape Return the link lines---->this----;

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listlinks

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.3 getalllinks relationship 4.4 getalllinkshapes

int getalllinkshapes (cfodrawshapelist &listshapes)

Get all shapes and links with the This shape. Return the node shapes ' s count. ----the >this----;

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listshapes

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.4 getalllinkshapes Relationship 4.5 getalllinktoshapes

int getalllinktoshapes (cfodrawshapelist &listshapes)

Get all shapes, that links, to this shape. Return node shapes. ---->this,

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listshapes

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.5 Getalllinktoshapes Relationship 4.6 getalltolinks

int getalltolinks (cfodrawshapelist &listlinks)

Return a list of links that to this shape Return the link lines---->this,

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listlinks

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.6 getalltolinks Relationship 4.7 getshapeslinked

int getshapeslinked (cfodrawshapelist &listshapes)

Returns a list of all node shapes, links together 1---->2----->this----->1--->2 Returns all node shapes th At linked from or to here. Listshapes--List of shapes.

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listshapes

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.7 getshapeslinked Relationship 4.8 getshapeslinkedfrom

int Getshapeslinkedfrom (cfodrawshapelist &listshapes)

Retrieve node shapes that is linked from the This shape. This----->1--->2 Return to the nodes that linked from here listshapes--List of shapes.

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listshapes

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.8 Getshapeslinkedfrom Relationship 4.9 getshapeslinkedto

int getshapeslinkedto (cfodrawshapelist &listshapes)

Retrieve node shapes that is linked to this shape. 1---->2----->this Return The nodes that linked to here. Listshapes--List of shapes.

This function was a public member of Class Cfodrawportsshape and you can visit it freely.

This member function was also a virtual function, can Override it if you need,

Defined In:FODrawPortsShape.cpp

Return Value

Returns a int type value.

See Also

Cfodrawshapelist &listshapes

Specifies A Value.

Remarks

Returns the specified value.

Figure 4.9 Getshapeslinkedto Relationship 5 topological process Analysis

Figure 5 Simplified Model area

As shown in Figure 3.4, there are many devices and wires in the topological relationship, and the relationship is more complex, the following describes the wiring diagram to the left of the internal equipment list:

1) Source1 internal connected power equipment:

Break (incoming switch), Switch-2 (grounding gate), Switch-1 (Isolation gate);

2) TRUNK1 internal connected power equipment:

Source1 (incoming line), Source2 (female), Source3 (outlet);

3) Bridge1 internal connected power equipment:

Switch-1 (left Isolator), Switch-2 (left grounding gate);

Switch-1 (right isolating gate), Switch-2 (right grounding gate).

4) Source2 internal connected power equipment:

SWITCH-1 (Isolation Gate), Switch-2 (grounding gate), break (switch), car (trolley), break (switch).

The separation of the switches of each of these power devices will have an effect on the separation of the circuit on the other side or upstream and downstream. In order to facilitate the simplification of our topological program analysis process, we established three model regions as shown in Figure 4: Source area, Busbar area, and bus switch area.

The connection between graphs and graphs may be connected to the end-to-end situation. To avoid the dead loops that occur during the topology process, especially the recursive process, we define a "visit" Boolean flag bit for each entity object. Before traversing, the "visit" flag bit of the graph is first emptied "false", and when traversing to this graph, the flag position bit "true". During traversal, the graph is judged to be accessed, the graphics access flag is "false", the process continues, or the interrupt returns. 5.1 Establishing a topological relationship

We analyze the equipment in the power system, which can be thought of as having one or more terminals for each device, so they are divided into single-ended components, two-terminal components and multi-terminal components:

1) Single-ended components: shunt capacitors, loads, generators

2) Both ends of the component: wire, switch, knife Gate

3) Multi-component: Busbar, transformer

Connecting the two devices means that a pair of terminals between them are connected together. The terminals connected together form a connection point, called node. Any device in the system (except for orphaned devices) is linked to one or more nodes. We can get the topological connection of the whole system according to the relationship between the device and the node. Considering the data structure of the graph, the nodes are represented as vertices in the graph, and the devices connected to the nodes are represented as the edges connected to the vertices in the graph.

Analysis of the equipment in the power system, you can also get the following characteristics: only the switch (including the gate) has the characteristics of opening and closing, and wire, transformer, bus, etc. are only connected characteristics. In fact, the electrical connectivity of the power system is changed by the separation of the switch. Therefore, the equipment in the power system is classified into two categories: Switchgear and branch equipment. A corresponding two tables are formed in the Program: node switch table and Node branch table. Based on these two tables, you can search for a device connected to any node.

When the topology analysis, according to the real-time status of the device, from the generator (or the Power Point bus segment) to search, using the node switch table and Node branch table, the device connected by the branch and closed switch connected equipment to form an electric island.

For the electric island coloring, according to the division of Electric Island, the electrical state of each electrical island is the same, whether it is charged or not, fault, overhaul and so on. The only difference in coloring process is the ring network state, and the ring network equipment is specially treated during coloring.

1) ring network, equipment electrical direction of judgment

According to each device connected to the node from the level of power to judge. Starting from the Power Point (level 0) to search for the device, each through a device (as a switch device, must be in a state), the node level plus one, according to the level of the device at the end of the number of nodes can be the device's electrical direction and ring network or not.

2) inspection and fault judgment

According to the equipment on the maintenance board and fault cards to deal with, if an electric island has a service card or fault card, the Electric island in the state of each device is set to maintenance status.

3) Grounding judgment

According to the status of the grounding gate and whether there is a grounding card to judge. If there is a grounding gate in an electric island with a closed or grounded card, the status of the electric island is grounded.

4) Five anti-inspection of switchgear

When analyzing the electrical state of the Electric Island, five of the switch is inspected simultaneously. The inspection method is to assume that the manual operation of the switch: that is, the switch is the original points to be closed, the original switch hypothesis is to disconnect, to determine the feasibility of the operation. The main judgment of the following aspects: Live with the ground knife, switch to fault, switch to connect to the region, switch ring, close before the closing of the switch, the gate is suitable for fault, the gate is suitable for the area, the gate ring, with load closing, with load switch. 5.2 Power Equipment charged State analysis

The source's power state is provided externally, and its supply voltage is in the voltage level range. The division/Fit of any power device within source will cause the entire source to be split/closed. The link cable itself belongs to the power device, which itself does not participate in the separation, which is determined by the state of the other power supply and power equipment to determine whether it is charged.

Figure 5.1 The switch before closing may state 5.2.1 Source1 Meet the Live conditions:

1) Source1 area charged, Bridge1 area power off (the circuit closed will short circuit);

2) Source1 area power off, Bridge1 area is charged, Source2 area is charged.

3) Source1 area power off, Bridge1 area power off, Source2 area live, Source4 area Live, Bridge2 area live. (This circuit forms the ring net) 5.2.2 Source2 satisfies the live condition:

1) Source2 area charged, Bridge1 area power off (the circuit closed will short circuit);

2) Source2 area power off, Bridge1 area charged, Source1 area charged;

3) Source2 area power off, Bridge1 area power off, Source1 area live, Source3 area Live, Bridge2 area live. (The circuit forms a ring net). 5.2.3 Source3 meets live conditions:

1) Source1 area electrified, Bridge1 area power off;

2) Source1 area power off, Bridge1 area live, Source2 area live, Bridge2 area power off;

3) Source1 area power off, Bridge1 area power off, Source2 area live, Source4 area Live, Bridge2 area live. 5.2.4 Source4 meets live conditions:

1) Source2 area electrified, Bridge1 area power off;

2) Source2 area power off, Bridge1 area live, Source1 area live, Bridge2 area power off;

3) Source2 area power off, Bridge1 area power off, Source1 area live, Source3 area Live, Bridge2 area live. 5.2.5 Bridge1 meets live conditions:

1) Trunk1 area Live, Bridge1 the left side of the isolation Knife Gate, Trunk 2 area power off;

2) Trunk2 area charged, Bridge1 to the right of the isolation Knife Gate, Trunk 1 area power off. 5.2.6 Bridge2 meets live conditions:

1) Trunk3 area electrified, Bridge2 trolley propulsion, Trunk4 area power off;

2) Trunk4 area electrified, Bridge2 trolley propulsion, TRUNK3 area power off. 5.3 Power switch switched from off to on

When the power switch (or the gate, the following is no longer stated) ready, first determine whether their status is off, if it is already in a state, the operation will no longer continue, early end. To determine if the power device is charged, view the status of all the connecting lines with it, i.e. the from and to two directions of the powerline.

When the power switch meets the closing conditions, the power switch as the source, through the connection line of the link table relationship downstream direction (from) to find the next power equipment graphics (circuit breaker, gate, cable, etc.), if the next power equipment is a connection line, then directly change the connection definition of the topology color. At this point, if the next power equipment state is the same, then the direct repetition of the same process downstream, whether the device is unidirectional or bidirectional, will be countercurrent to another power equipment.

The flow trend of the from and to currents has the possibility of recursion, which adopts two kinds of ideas in data structure: first "depth priority" and "breadth first".

In general, the "hop" of the power switch follows two recursive algorithms, in which the downstream process is called during the countercurrent process.

Figure 5.3 Off->on Conversion Flowchart (omitted) 5.4 power switch from on to Off

The state of the power switch is divided by the turn and the process is much more complicated than the 4.3 process.

When the power switch is ready to tick, first determine whether its state is on, if itself is already a sub-state, the operation will no longer continue, early end. Similarly, judging whether the power device is charged, look at the status of all the connecting lines with it, namely the from and to two directions of the powerline. Connection lines are not charged, indicating that both sides of the bus all lost power, or both sides of the gate closed, you can directly split the gate. The separation of any switch is mainly around the coupling area and the source area, and the other output switch or ground gate does not affect the circuit separation (except for illegal operation). 5.4.1 The current switch is the master switch on the Birdge:

Omitted. 5.4.2 Current switch is the switch of the bus input terminal:

Omitted. 5.4.3 Current switch is the switch of the bus output terminal:

Omitted. 5.4.4 The current switch is a different output switch or grounding gate:

Omitted.

Figure 5.4 Flowchart of On->off conversion (omitted) 5.5 dynamic topology validation

Omitted. 6 Summary

According to the usual topological relationship, the entire topology layout is finished by simply setting the properties of the power device object on the branch and bus line, as shown in Figure 3.4 drawing method. The whole algorithm is concise, does not depend on relational database, and does not depend on topological computation process.