Rman Common Backup RESTORE command rollup

Rman command
1. Independent command
Rman>shutdown Immediate
Rman>startup
Rman>backup format ' D:\backup\%d_%s.bak ' tablespace users;
2. Job Order
Rman>run {backup format ' d:\backup\ $d _%s.bak ' tablespace users;}
3. Run SQL command
Rman>sql ' alter system switch logfile ';
4. Run the storage script
Rman>run {execute script s1;}
5. Running Operating system commands
Rman>run {host "dir d:\backup";}
6. Run the Rman command
C:\rman target Sys/[email protected] nocatalog @c:\bak_users.cmd log A.log
Bak_users.cmd Example:
Backup format ' D:\backup\%d_%s.bak tablespace users;
SQL ' alter system archive log current ';

Configuring the Rman Environment (slightly)

Set up a backup set
1. Full database backup set
1), consistent backup (for Noarchivelog and Archivelog modes)
C:\rman target Sys/[email protected] Nocatalog
Rman>shutdown Immediate
Rman>startup Mout
Rman>backup database; If you back up to a different directory, backup database format = ' d:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ';
Rman>sql ' alter system archive log current ';
2), non-conforming backup (in open state)
Rman>backup database; If you back up to a different directory, backup database format = ' d:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ';
Rman>sql ' alter system archive log current ';
3), Exempt table space
Rman>configure exclude for Tablespace user03;
Rman>backup database; If you back up to a different directory, backup database format = ' d:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ';
Rman>sql ' alter system archive log current ';
2. Table Space Backup set
Rman>backup tablespace users format= ' d:\backup\%N_%f_%s.dbf ';
3. Data file backup set
Rman>backup datafile 5 format= ' d:\backup\%N_%f_%s.dbf ';
4. Control file backup Set
Rman>backup current Controlfile format= ' D:\backup\%d_%s.ctl ';
5. SPFile Backup Set
Rman>backup spfile format= ' C:\%d_%s.par ';
6. Archive log backup set (archive logs generated over the past day)
Rman>backup format= ' C:\%d_%s.arc ' archivelog from time= ' sysdate-1 ' until time= ' sysdate ';
7. Parallel Backup Set
Rman>configure Device type disk parallelism 3;
Rman>backup database format= ' c:\%d_%s.dbf ';
Rman>configure device type disk clear;
8. Build multiple backups
Rman>backup copied 3 tablespace users format= ' c:\1\%N_%s.dbf ', ' c:\2\%N_%s.dbf ', ' c:\3\%N_%s.dbf ';
9. Backup Backup Set
Rman>backup backupset format= ' C:\%d_%s.bak ';
10. Build multiple backup slices
Rman>configure Channel Device type SBT maxpiecesize 4G;
Rman>backup device Type SBT format '%d_%s_%p.dbf ' database;
11. Set up a compressed backup set
Rman>backup as compressed backupset tablespace users format= ' c:\%d_%s.dbf ';
12. Backing up data files and archive logs
Rman>backup format ' C:\%d_%s.bak ' tablespace users plus archivelog;
13. Specify the backup set tag
Rman>backup format= ' C:\%d_%s.bak ' tablespace users tag= ' users ';

Make an image copy
1. Create a copy of the data file image
Rman>backup as copy format= ' c:\df_5.dbf ' datafile 5; Or
Rman>copy datafile 5 to ' c:\df_5.dbf ';
2. Establish a copy of the control file image
Rman>backup as copy format= ' C:\demo.ctl ' current controlfile; Or
Rman>copy controlfile to ' c:\demo.ctl ';
3. Create a copy of the archived log image
Rman>backup as copy format= ' C:\arc10.log ' archivelog sequence 10; Or
Rman>copy archivelog ' c:\demo\archive\arc00020_012345.001 ' to ' c:\arc20.log ';
4. Create a copy of the image in parallel
Rman>configure Device type disk parallelism 3;
Rman>backup as Copy format = ' c:\df_%f.dbf ' datafile 5,6,7;
Rman>configure device type disk clear;
5. Specify the image copy token
Rman>backup as copy format= ' c:\df_%f.dbf ' datafile 5 tag=df_5; Or
Rman>copy datafile 5 to ' c:\df_%f.dbf ' tag=df_5;

Establish incremental and cumulative backups
Incremental backups can reduce backup time, and cumulative backups can reduce recovery time.
Example of incremental backup: Sunday level 0, Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday level 2, Wednesday level 1
Rman>backup Incremental Level 0 format= ' c:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ' tablespace users; Sunday
Rman>backup Incremental Level 2 format= ' c:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ' tablespace users; Monday
Rman>backup Incremental Level 2 format= ' c:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ' tablespace users; Tuesday
Rman>backup Incremental Level 1 format= ' c:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ' tablespace users; Wednesday
Rman>backup Incremental Level 2 format= ' c:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ' tablespace users; Thursday
Rman>backup Incremental Level 2 format= ' c:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ' tablespace users; Friday
Rman>backup Incremental Level 2 format= ' c:\backup\%d_%s.dbf ' tablespace users; Saturday
Rman Full Recovery
1. Restore the database
1), all data files are deleted
C:\rman target Sys/[email protected] Nocatalog
Rman>startup Force Mount
Rman> Run {
Restore databse;

Recover database;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
}
2) hardware failure on the disk where the data file resides
Rman> Run {
Startup force Mount;
Set newname for datafile 1 to ' c:\demo\system01.dbf ';
Set newname for datafile 2 to ' c:\demo\dundotbs01.dbf ';
Set newname for DataFile 3 to ' c:\demo\sysaux01.dbf ';
Set newname for datafile 4 to ' c:\demo\users01.dbf ';
Set newname for datafile 5 to ' c:\demo\example01.dbf ';
Set newname for datafile 6 to ' c:\demo\test0.dbf ';
Restore database;
Switch datafile all;
Recover database;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
}
2. Recover the data files of the system table space
1), the system Tablespace data file was mistakenly deleted
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
Restore DataFile 1;
Recover datafile 1;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
}
2), the disk on which the system Tablespace data file is located fails
Rman> Run {
Startup force Mount;
Set newname for datafile 1 to ' c:\demo\system01.dbf ';
Restore DataFile 1;
Switch DataFile 1;
Recover datafile 1;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
}
3. Accidental loss of data file after resuming shutdown in open state
1), data files are deleted
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 offline ';
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
Restore DataFile 4;
Recover DataFile 4;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 online ';
}
2), the disk where the data file is damaged
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 offline ';
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
Set newname for datafile 4 to ' c:\demo\user01.dbf ';
Restore DataFile 4;
Switch DataFile 4;
Recover DataFile 4;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 online ';
}
4. Accidental loss of data file in open state
1), data files were mistakenly deleted
Rman>run {
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 offline ';
Restore DataFile 4;
Recover DataFile 4;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 online ';
}
2), the disk where the data file is faulted
Rman>run {
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 offline ';
Set newname for datafile 4 to ' c:\demo\user01.dbf ';
Restore DataFile 4;
Switch DataFile 4;
Recover DataFile 4;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 4 online ';
}
5. Restore the data files that were not backed up in open state (no backup was made after creating the new data file)
1), data files are mistakenly
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 7 offline ';
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
Restore DataFile 7;
Recover DataFile 7;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 7 online ';
}
2), the disk where the data file is faulted
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 7 offline ';
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open ';
Set newname for datafile 7 to ' c:\demo\user04.dbf ';
Restore DataFile 7;
Switch DataFile 7;
Recover DataFile 7;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE datafile 7 online ';
}

6. Restore table Space
1), table space is deleted
Rman>run {
SQL ' alter TABLESPACE users offline for recover ';
Restore tablespace users;
Recover tablespace users;
SQL ' alter tablespace users online ';
}
2), the disk where the tablespace data file is faulted
Rman>run {
SQL ' alter TABLESPACE users offline for recover ';
Set newname for datafile 4 to ' c:\demo\user01.dbf ';
Restore tablespace users;
Switch tablespace users;
Recover tablespace users;
SQL ' alter tablespace users online ';
}
7. Data Block Media recovery
Rman>blockrecover Device Type disk datafile 5 block 20,21,100;

Rman not fully recovered
1. Basic Time Recovery
C:\set nls_date_format=yyyy-dd-mm Hh24:mi:ss
C:\rman target Sys/[email protected] Nocatalog
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
Set until Time= ' 2010-08-22 12:00:08 ';
Restore database;
Recover database;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open resetlogs;
}
2, based on SCN recovery
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
Set until scn=123456;
Restore database;
Recover database;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open resetlogs ';
}
3, based on the log serial number recovery
Rman>run {
Startup force Mount;
Set until seqence=10;
Restore database;
Recover database;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open resetlogs ';
}
4, backup-based control file recovery
C:\set nls_date_format=yyyy-dd-mm Hh24:mi:ss
C:\rman target Sys/[email protected] Nocatalog
Rman>startup Force Nomount;
Rman>set dbid=1113606269;
Rman>restore Controlfile from Autobackup maxseq 6;
Rman>alter database Mount;
Rman>run {
Set until Time= ' 2010-08-22 12:00:08 ';
Restore database;
Recover database;
SQL ' ALTER DATABASE open resetlogs;
}
After performing the above 4 incomplete recoveries, it is recommended that you delete all earlier backups and back up the database
Rman>run {
Delete noprompt backup;
Delete noprompt copy;
Backup Database format= ' C:\backup\%d_%s.bak ';
SQL ' alter system archive log current ';
}

Rman Maintenance Commands
Report
1. Reporting the physical structure of the target database
Rman>report schema;
2. Report data files that need to be backed up
1), report an incremental backup that requires a dump that exceeds a specific number of data files
Rman> report need backup incremental 3;
2), report data files that are not backed up for a specific number of days
Rman>report need backup days 3 tablespace users;
3), report data files that are less than the number of specific backups
Rman> report need backup redundancy 2 database;
4), report data files that are not backed up in the recovery time window
Rman> report need backup recovery windows of 3 days;
3. Reporting Stale backups
Rman>report obsolete redundancy 2;
4. Report Unrecoverable data files
Rman>report unrecoverable;
LIST
1. list data file backup sets
Rman>list Backup of database;
Rman>list Backup of tablespace users;
Rman>list Backup of datafile 4;
2. List control file backup sets
Rman>list Backup of Controlfile;

3. List archived log backup sets
Rman>list backup of Archivelog all;
4. List SPFile backup sets
Rman>list Backup of SPFile;
5. list data file image copy
rman>list copy of database;
Rman>list copy of tablespace users;
Rman>list copy of DataFile 4;
6. List control file image copy
Rman>list copy of Controlfile;
7. List archived Log image copies
Rman>list copy of Archivelog all;
8. List database copies
Rman>list incarnation of database;
Note that a new database copy is generated each time the database is opened with the Resetlogs option.
9. List information for backup set files
Rman>list Backupset 100;
Crosscheck
1. Check all backup Sets
Rman>crosscheck backup;
2, check the backup set of all data files
Rman>crosscheck Backup of database;
3, check the specific table space of the preparation
Rman>crosscheck backup of tablespace system;
4. Check backup sets for specific data files
Rman>crosscheck Backup of datafile 1;
5, check the backup set of the control file
Rman>crosscheck Backup of Controlfile;
6, check the backup set of SPFile
Rman> crosscheck Backup of SPFile;
7. Check the backup set of the archive log
Rman> crosscheck Backup of Archivelog sequence 40;
8. Check all image copies
rman> crosscheck copy;
9. Verify the image copy of all data files
rman> crosscheck copy of database;
10. Check the image copy of a specific tablespace
rman> crosscheck copy of tablespace users;
11. Check the image copy of the specific data file
rman> crosscheck copy of datafile 1;
12, check the image copy of the control file
rman> crosscheck copy of Controlfile;
13. Check the image copy of the archived log
rman> crosscheck copy of Archivelog sequence 44;

DELETE
1. Delete Stale backups
Delete obsolete; #提示
Delete NoPrompt obsolete; #不提示
2. Delete Expired backup set
Delete noprompt expired backup;
3. Delete Expired Copy
Delete noprompt expired copy;
4. Delete a specific backup set
Delete NoPrompt backupset 19;
5. Delete specific backup slices
Delete noprompt backuppiece ' C:\test\demo1.bak ';
6. Delete all backup sets
Delete noprompt backup; Or
Delete NoPrompt backupset;
7. Delete a specific image copy
Delete noprompt datafilecopy ' C:\test\demo.bak '; Delete a data file
Delete noprompt controlfilecopy ' c:\test\controlfile_bak.ctl '; Delete a control file
Delete noprompt archivelog ' C:\test\arc.bak '; Delete Archive Log
8. Delete all image replicas
Delete noprompt copy;
9. Delete the input object after backup
Backup Archivelog all delete input;
Backup backupset format= ' c:\test\%u.bak ' delete input;
Change
1. Change Backup Set Status
Change backupset unavailable;
2. Change image Copy Status
Change Datafilecopy ' C:\demo.bak ' unavailable;
Change Controlfilecopy ' C:\demo.bak ' unavailable;
Change Archivelog ' C:\demo.bak ' unavailable;
3. Establish long-term backup
Change backupset keep forver logs; Keep Backup set 100 persistent
Change backupset Keep until time ' sysdate+60 ' logs; Keep backup set 100 for 60 days
Change Backupset 156 nokeep; Exemption from backup set 100 retention period

CATALOG
1. Registered Copy
Catalog datafilecopy ' C:\user01.bak ';
2. Register Backup Tablets
Catalog backuppiece ' c:\demo_10.dbf ';
3. Register all backup files for a specific directory
Catalog start with ' C:\bak ';
4. Log off Backup records
Change datafilecopy ' C:\user01.bak ' uncatalog;
Change controlfilecopy ' C:\demo.ctl ' uncatalog;
Change backuppiece ' C:\demo_10.bak ' uncatalog;
Recovering Directory Management
Create a recovery directory
1. Create a Recovery directory table space
sql> Create Tablespace Rman_ts
2 datafile ' D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\db_1\train\rman.dbf '
3 size 15m;
The tablespace has been created.
2. Establish Recovery directory owner
Sql> create user Rman identified by Rman
2 default tablespace rman_ts;

The user has created.
3. Grant the Restore directory owner role
Sql> Grant Connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to Rman;
Authorization is successful.
4. Create a recovery directory
C:\rman catalog Rman/[email protected]
Rman>create Catalog;
5. Register the target database
Rman>connect target Sys/[email protected]
Rman>register database;
Rman>report schema;

Using Storage scripts
1. Create a storage script
C:\>rman catalog Rman/[email protected] target Sys/[email protected]
Rman>create script Bak_database {
Backup format= ' C:\temp\%d_%s.bak '
Database include current Controlfile
Plus archivelog;
SQL ' alter system archive log current ';
}
2. Run the script
(1), run the storage script at the Rman prompt
Rman>run {Execute script bak_database;}
(2), run the storage script at the command line
C:\rman catalog Rman/[email protected] target Sys/[email protected] script Bak_database
3. Display the contents of the storage script
Rman>print script bak_database;
4. Replace the storage script
Rman>replace script Bak_database {
Backup Database format= ' C:\temp\%d_%s.bak ';
}
5. Delete Storage Scripts
Rman>delete script bak_database;
6. List all storage scripts
Rman>list script names;

Maintaining the recovery Catalog
1. Re-sync the recovery directory
rman> Resync Catalog;
2. Unregister the target database
Rman>unregister database;
When the target database is unregistered, the Rman repository records that are older than the Controlfile_record_keep_time setup time are lost.
3. Upgrade the Recovery directory
C:\>rman catalog Rman/[email protected] target Sys/[email protected]
rman> upgrade Catalog;
rman> upgrade Catalog;
4. Delete Recovery Directory
C:\>rman catalog Rman/[email protected] target Sys/[email protected]
rman> Drop Catalog;
rman> Drop Catalog;
5. Recovering a database to an earlier database copy

Rman Common Backup RESTORE command rollup