Opening one: Server board
Server Board Overview
For the server, the stability is the first, the server must bear the high and low workload of the work requirements, and can not be as random as the desktop to restart, in order to improve the reliability of the general approach is the redundancy of the parts of the technology, and all this support falls on the motherboard shoulder. Let me take a look at some of the features of the server board:
1, first of all, the scalability of the server determines their special board type for the larger atx,eatx or WATX.
2, medium and high-end server boards generally support multiple processors, the CPU used is dedicated CPU.
3, the motherboard's chipset is also using a dedicated server/workstation chipset, such as Intel E7520, ServerWorks Gc-he, etc., but like the entry-level server boards, generally using high-end desktop chipsets (such as the Intel 875P chipset)
4, the server usually to expand the board (such as network card, SCSI card, etc.), so we usually find that the server board will have more PCI, Pci-x, PCI-E slots.
5, the server board also hosted the management function. In general, the server board will be integrated with a variety of sensors, used to detect a variety of hardware devices on the server, at the same time with the corresponding management software, you can remotely detect the server, so that the network administrator on the server system for timely and effective management.
6, in memory support. Because the server has to adapt for a long time, high-throughput high-speed data processing, so it can support up to more than 10 GB or even dozens of GB of memory capacity, and most support ECC memory to improve reliability (ECC memory is a kind of memory with automatic error correction function, because its superior performance makes the cost is very high).
7, storage device interface. Middle-and high-end server boards use SCSI interfaces, SATA interfaces rather than IDE interfaces, and RAID mode is supported to improve data processing capabilities and security.
8, in the display of equipment. The server is very different from the workstation, the server is not high on the display device, generally use the integrated graphics chipset, for example, in many server chipsets are integrated with the ATI Rage XL display chip, requiring a slightly higher standard AGP video card. And if it is a graphics workstation, it is generally selected high-end 3DLabs, ATI, such as graphics company's professional graphics card.
9, in the network interface. Server/Workstation boards are also different from desktop boards, and most server boards are equipped with dual NICs or even dual gigabit NICs to meet the different needs of the LAN and the Internet.
10, the last is the price of the server. General desktop boards are not the Sky 1, 2000, and the server board price from more than 1000 yuan of entry-level products to tens of thousands of yuan or even a hundred thousand of yuan of high-grade products have!
Recommended Brand: Taian, ultra-micro, Intel
Opening two: Server CPU
Server CPU Overview
Server is a network of important equipment, to accept less than dozens of people, to tens of thousands of people access, so the server has a large amount of rapid throughput, super stability, long time operation and so strict requirements. So the CPU is the computer's "brain", is the primary indicator of performance of the server.
At present, the server's CPU is still the CPU's instruction system to differentiate, usually divided into CISC-type CPU and RISC type CPU two categories, and later appeared a 64-bit vlim (Very long instruction Word long instruction set architecture) instruction system CPU.
First, CISC type CPU
CISC is an abbreviation for the English "Complex instruction set Computer", which means "complex instruction set", which refers to a series of CPUs produced by Intel (a naming specification for Intel CPUs) and their compatible CPUs (other vendors such as AMD, Via, etc., which is based on a PC (personal computer) architecture. This CPU is typically a 32-bit structure, so we also turn it into a IA-32 CPU. (Ia:intel Architecture,intel architecture). CISC-type CPU currently has the main Intel server CPU and AMD server CPU two categories.
(1) Intel's server CPU
(2) AMD's server CPU
Two, RISC type CPU
RISC is the abbreviation of "Reduced instruction set Computing" in English, meaning "simplified instruction set" in Chinese. It was developed on the basis of CISC (Complex instruction Set Computer) instruction system, and some people tested the CISC machine to show that the use frequency of various instructions was quite disparity, the most commonly used is some simple instructions, they only accounted for 20% of the total number of instructions, However, the frequency of the program appears to account for 80%. Complicated instruction system will inevitably increase the complexity of the microprocessor, so that the development of the processor time is long and the cost is high. and complex instructions require complex operations that will inevitably degrade the speed of the computer. For the above reasons, the the 1980s RISC CPU was born, as opposed to the CISC-type CPU, RISC-type CPU not only streamlined the instruction system, but also adopted a kind of called "Superscalar and Super Pipeline structure", Greatly increased parallel processing capability (parallel processing refers to a server with multiple CPUs processing simultaneously.) Parallel processing can greatly improve the data processing capacity of the server. Departmental, enterprise-level servers should support CPU parallel processing technology. In other words, the architecture in the same frequency, the use of RISC architecture CPU than the CISC architecture of the CPU performance is much higher, which is determined by the technical characteristics of the CPU. At present in the high-end server commonly used in this instruction system CPU, especially high-end servers are all using RISC instruction system CPU. RISC instruction system is more suitable for high-end server operating system UNIX, now Linux also belongs to the Unix-like operating system. RISC CPUs are incompatible with the software and hardware of Intel and AMD CPUs.
At present, in the middle-grade server using RISC instruction CPU mainly has the following categories:
(1) PowerPC processor
(2) SPARC Processors
(3) Pa-risc processor
(4) MIPS processor
(5) Alpha processor
From the current server development situation, the "small, clever, stable" as the characteristics of the IA architecture (CISC architecture) of the PC server with reliable performance, low price, has been more widely used. In the Internet and LAN areas, for file services, print services, communications services, Web services, e-mail services, database services, application services and other uses.
Recommended brands: Intel-xeon, Amd-opteron
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