Similarities and differences in common Linux distributions

Linux distributions, in nature, can be divided into commercial versions maintained by commercial companies and free releases maintained by the open source community.

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The commercial version is represented by Redhat, and the open source community version is represented by Debian and Ubuntu. These editions have different characteristics and play different roles in different fields of application.

CentOS, Ubuntu, Debian Three Linux are very good system, open source system, also pay for the commercial version and free version, the following simple comparison of these three systems. Here's a simple analysis of these different Linux distributions:

Ubuntu

Ubuntu has more and more fans in recent years, Ubuntu has a beautiful user interface, a complete package management system, strong software source support, rich technology community, Ubuntu also has good compatibility with most hardware, including the latest graphic graphics and so on. All this makes Ubuntu more and more popular in the direction of development. Simple, stable, easy-to-use system!

Ubuntu support for computer hardware is better than CentOS and Debian, the compatibility is strong, Ubuntu application is very many, but for the server system, personal feeling does not need a lot of various applications, need is stable, easy to operate, maintain a simple system. If you need to use the graphical interface on the server side, Ubuntu is a good choice, you need to note that the graphical interface occupies a very large amount of memory. This also determines that the best application area is the desktop operating system and not the server operating system. How do you want to have an immersive environment while learning Linux, then Ubuntu is good: it's only installed on your own computer and not on the server.

Centos

You will find that many of the domestic commercial companies deployed in the production environment are using the CentOS system and CentOS is a community re-release version compiled from the Rhel source code. CentOS Simple, command line under the humanization of doing a better, stable, with strong English documentation and development community support. and Redhat have the same origin. Although commercial support is not provided separately, it is often possible to find a clue from the Redhat. Compared to Debian, CentOS is slightly larger.

CentOS is a re-released version compiled from Redhat source code. CentOS removes many applications unrelated to server functionality, is simple but very stable, and command-line operations facilitate the management of systems and applications, as well as help documentation and community support. is a very mature Linux distribution.

Debian

In general, Debian as a server-friendly operating system, compared to Ubuntu, it is not too much fancy, more stable than Ubuntu, stability for the server system is a constant truth. The entire Debian system, as long as the application layer does not appear logical defects, basically impregnable, is a perennial system does not need to restart (of course, this is exaggerated points, but not exaggerated its stability). The entire system base of Debian is very small, not only stable, but also occupies little hard disk space and consumes less memory. However, due to the development of Debian, its help documents are slightly less than that of CentOS, and the technical data is less.

For small memory, Debian is preferred, Debian is preferred for VPS masters who are very familiar with Linux systems.

There are many Debian packages and a lot of bioinformatics tools.

Support for a long time, rarely hard to upgrade the large version.

If you use stable, you get good stability. If you use testing, you can get a newer package.
installation disk with less drive, directly installed system often less drive, and Package Manager configuration file, the default nothing (only installation CD as the source), need to manually add the source of the network, the system installation interface slightly wonderful, not friendly to the novice.

Compare the following for Rhel (RedHat Enterprise Linux) and CentOS

RedHat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is the gold standard corporate distribution. It is updated every five years or so, and has a great advantage in system stability, foresight and security. Whenever a new major release, such as 5.x or the recent 6.x, all versions and code will remain unchanged, only security issues or major bugs, such as backdoor, port and other issues, will be released by the release of new sub-version to fix.

CentOS is the open source version of the Rhel release, which is usually released shortly after the release of Redhat. The reason we use CentOS is that the standard support services for Rhel distributions are very expensive, about $800 per server, which is a cost that must be controlled for many of our dozens of or even hundreds of servers.

The Rhel/centos system has two potential problems.

First, once the major version has been identified, other content will not be changed except for security and critical failures. While this is good for stability, it is bad for many services. MySQL and PHP services, for example, are heavily developed and extensively modified during the five-year Centos/rhel major release cycle. For example, MySQL5.0 is the version that is used by default for the current Rhel/centos major version, but currently MySQL has been updated to version 5.1 and 5.5.

Fortunately, this problem was easily solved by the Yum Package Manager. So far, the main software, such as the actual components of the current Rhel/centos, including the kernel and all the tools, still comes from the release, but those additional software such as Nginx,apache,php,java and MySQL, etc. from the updated software sources such as Fedora Or get the updated version directly from the developer such as MySQL. Here we have our own dedicated installation image to fully automate all of these things.

Second, the release of CentOS will lag behind the release of Redhat, including critical patches and fixes. This is particularly noticeable in the release cycle of Rhel 6.x. But according to our experience, there's nothing to worry about, and it's never going to be a problem for us.

Most Linux developers use the desktop version of Ubuntu, and understandably, they are more inclined to use the same system when developing their production, and can use many interesting tools. But overall, we still believe that Rhel/centos is a better deployment platform and that more than 10 customers have successfully turned to CentOS as a production environment with no problems, but this is still a daunting task.

In the system's choice, belongs to the Novice, the first choice CentOS, is not CentOS is better than Debian and Ubuntu, it is stable, occupies less resources, the network can easily search the installation configuration of the document, its own Help document is also very powerful (my favorite);

If you are a master of Linux, Master of the realm generally choose Debian (very suitable for server);

While Ubuntu, the system is free, it occupies a higher level of resources than the previous two systems (novice, developers like the version);

RHEL system administrator is required.

There are also a series of Linux and FreeBSD, UNIX and other systems such as SuSE, Arch Linxu, Gentoo, Slackware and so on, not too much to introduce here.

For beginners, it is recommended to use CentOS or Ubuntu.

This article is from the "Ink" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://jinyudong.blog.51cto.com/10990408/1916332

Similarities and differences in common Linux distributions