Simple Introduction to Logical Thinking (2nd edition) Read Note two

Simple Introduction to Logical Thinking (2nd edition) Read Note two

Reading this week is the third chapter of the simple introduction to logical thinking, which means that the first part of the book has been read.

Chapter III, the Virtues of faith

Belief and negative belief is a kind of psychological attitude when people accept a thing, which is the cognitive attitude to things. Because we are in the study of logical thinking, there is a premise: "With the normal situation and the speaker is sincere", so if someone does not respond to a thing, we can think that this is a kind of neither believe, nor doubt the attitude.

There are many advantages and disadvantages of the belief, in the book is mainly introduced the following several:

1. Accuracy

A good faith is an accurate expression of truth, the same true belief has the highest degree of accuracy, whereas false beliefs have the highest degree of inaccuracy.

2. True and False

The belief is absolute in the true and false question, although true and false, but this is not the degree of the problem, it must be opposite, not true or false.

3. Rationality

A belief is justified when and only if it has sufficient support. Similarly, a concept, a belief is unreasonable, but also has the absolute opposite of the non-establishment of support. Rationality is the most necessary inference in these merits, that is to say, the only basis of belief rationality is reasoning. Knowing that this belief is based on the concepts involved is true.

These are the advantages of a single belief, and there are some advantages that a group of beliefs (at least two) can have.

4. Consistency

If faith is consistent, then in the logical possible world, it is logically compatible and logically possible, with no contradiction in faith and faith. And faith is inconsistent, when and only if its members cannot collectively be true.
A contradiction between a proposition and a proposition is often something that can be contradictory between a single proposition and a whole set of propositions.
In contrast to other advantages, consistency is not exactly equal to accuracy, and rationality is not identical. Consistency (merit) and inconsistency (disadvantage) can be converted between, by careful thinking, to eliminate the source of inconsistency, can be modified beliefs set.

5. Conservative

What is conservatism? That is, the belief is consistent with our present message, which is a virtue of a belief, but if it becomes dogmatic, it is a disadvantage.

6. Can be modified

Logically, as long as there is the above accuracy, rationality, consistency ... , it is possible to fix it. But if the belief is easy to be modified or often modified, it is easy to have conflicting beliefs at the same time true, or here the "true" and "for ... True "The scope of the true" is equal, then the disadvantage of extreme relativism is committed.

7. Rationality

We always say to be rational, more rational. Rationality is definitely a part of logical thinking, and it is conditional on:
Only thinking:

1. Conscious consideration at the moment

2. Able to provide evidence or justification to support that belief

3. Cannot find the belief does not meet any of the above advantages
   

Summarize

Some people say that this kind of logical thinking training material is not used, I do not know how to answer, everyone's situation is not the same, this is a learning mentality of the problem. Sometimes the unconscious will feel: "Oh, it should be a bit more logical ...", I think this is one of the useful places, always in the unconscious of the constraints of their own, regulate themselves, slowly will certainly change.

Simple Introduction to Logical Thinking (2nd edition) Read Note two