Simple Linux Command Line notes: ls

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• Parameters
• Option
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Displays information about one or more files.

Ls [Options] [File-list]

 

Parameters

By default,LsList file information in alphabetical order of file names,File-listCan be any file or directory

WhenFile-listWhen multiple directories are included,LsThe directory name will be displayed, not the subdirectories and sub-Files

WhenFile-listWhen it is a common file,LsThe file information is displayed.

 

Option

-A: displays the list of all file names, including hidden files (the file name starts with a period)

-A is similar to-a, but does not list directory items such as. And.

-L list more information for each file

-M indicates the file name separated by commas (,). The width of the file list is the same as that of the screen.

-H select an appropriate unit from K (kilobytes), m (megabytes), and g (gigabytes) to display the file size

-R: List Directory hierarchies in reverse order

-R recursively lists sub-directory content

-T display files in the order of the last modification time

-U displays files in the order of the last access time

-X Display the file list by row (by column by default)

-X displays files in the order of file extensions. files without extension names are listed first.

-One Line displays a file

-D: Only displays the directory name.

-F this option displays a slash (/) after each directory, an asterisk (*) after each executable file, and a symbol @ after each symbolic link @

 

Example Ls

$LsA. Out demo1.java hello. c pink.CPPTest.txt workbin demo. JavaInstall.ShSu.ShTxt
 

File names are listed alphabetically and vertically arranged

 

Ls-x

 
$Ls-Xa. out bin demo1.java demo. Java hello. cInstall.ShPink.CPPSu.ShTest.txt TXT work
 

List file names in alphabetical order and arrange them horizontally

 

Ls-F

 
$Ls-Fa. Out* Demo1.java hello. c pink.CPPTest.txt work/Bin/Demo. JavaInstall.Sh*Su.Sh* TXT @
 

A slash (/) is displayed after the directory, an asterisk (*) is displayed after the executable file, and @ is displayed after the symbolic link @

 

Ls-l

$ Ls - L total usage  8  Drwxrwxr -X 2 Siu4096 January 7   20 : 00  Bin -Rwxrwxr-x 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 00   Install . Sh -RW-r -- 1 Siu 0 January7   20 : 06 Pink. CPP -RW-r -- 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 01  Test.txt lrwxrwxrwx  1 Siu 8 January 7   20 : 01 TXT-> Test.txt drwxrwxr -X 2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 02 Work

Use the long list method to list file names, that is, detailed information.

 

Ls-lH

$Ls-Total LH usage 57 m-RW -------1Siu 326 K December25 16:50Iartwork.Zip-RW -------1Siu 54 m December31 22:41Jtregex3_jb51.7z-RW -------1Siu2.9 mJanuary4 21:10Mboo.Zip
 

Use a proper unit to display the file size. Here I caught a few large files to check the total usage of 57 MB.

 

Ls-

$Ls-A... awtdemo. java. SWP BinInstall.ShPink.CPPTest.txt TXT work
 

List all files, including hidden files. In this example, "." indicates the current directory. "indicates the upper-level directory. (this is the case in Linux. Ignore this option)

 

Ls-Al

$ Ls - Total Al usage  28  Drwxr -XR-x 4 Siu 4096 January 7   20 :16  . Drwxr -XR-x 51 Siu 4096 January 7   14 : 09  .. -RW ------- 1 Siu 12288 December 12   14 : 22  . Awtdemo. java. swpdrwxrwxr -X2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 00  Bin -Rwxrwxr-x 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 00   Install . Sh -RW-r -- 1 Siu0 January 7   20 : 06 Pink. CPP -RW-r -- 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 01  Test.txt lrwxrwxrwx  1 Siu 8 January 7  20 : 01 TXT-> Test.txt drwxrwxr -X 2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 02 Work

Use a long list to list all objects

 

Ls-ral

$ Ls - Total ral usage  28  Drwxrwxr -X2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 02  Worklrwxrwxrwx  1 Siu 8 January 7   20 : 01 TXT-> Test.txt -RW-r -- 1 Siu 0 January7   20 : 01  Test.txt -RW-r -- 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 06 Pink. CPP -Rwxrwxr-x 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 :00   Install . Sh  Drwxrwxr -X 2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 00  Bin -RW ------- 1 Siu 12288 December 12   14 : 22 . Awtdemo. java. swpdrwxr -XR-x 51 Siu 4096 January 7   14 : 09  .. Drwxr -XR-x 4 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 16 .

Lists all objects in a long list, but returns the reverse alphabetical order.

 

Ls-Tl

$Ls - Total TL usage  12 -RW-r -- 1 Siu 5 January 7   20 : 27  Demo. cdrwxrwxr -X 2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 02 Worklrwxrwxrwx  1 Siu 8 January 7   20 : 01 TXT-> Test.txt -RW-r -- 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 01  Test.txt -Rwxrwxr-x 1 Siu0 January 7   20 : 00   Install . Sh  Drwxrwxr -X 2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 00 Bin

Sort by file modification time. The last modified file information is at the top of the list.

 

Ls-RTL

$ Ls - Total RTL usage  12  Drwxrwxr -X 2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 00  Bin -Rwxrwxr-x 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 00   Install . Sh -RW-r -- 1 Siu 0 January 7   20 : 01  Test.txt lrwxrwxrwx  1 Siu 8 January 7   20 : 01 TXT-> Test.txt drwxrwxr -X 2 Siu 4096 January 7   20 : 02  Work -RW-r -- 1 Siu 5 January 7   20 : 27 Demo. c

Sort by file modification time. The last modified file information is at the bottom of the list.

 

Ls directory

 
$LsBina.txt B .txt c.txt
 

List contents in the directory. Bin is a directory.

 

Ls-DL directory

 
$Ls-DL bindrwxrwxr-X2Siu4096January7 20:41Bin
 

List bin directory details in a long list

 

Ls-r directory

 
$Ls-R Binbin: a.txt B .txt c.txtDirBin/Dir: D.txt e.txt
 

Recursively list all objects in the bin directory

 

Ls-l t *

$Ls-L T *-RW-r --1Siu0January7 20:01Test.txt lrwxrwxrwx1Siu8January7 20:01TXT-> test.txt
 

List all files starting with T

Tips

1. parameters can be used separately or together. The effects of LS-Al and LS-a-l are the same.

2. ls can be followed by various wildcards, various directories, common files, and various device files ...... Rely on, various messy ......