Small white Learning windows third

One, TCP/IP protocol
1, TCP/IP communication protocol is the most complete and widely supported communication protocol, it can make different network architectures, different operating systems of the computer communication, is the Internet Standard communication protocol
2. Three elements of communication between host and host
IP addresses (IP address)
Subnet mask (subnet mask)
IP routing (IP router)

Second, IP address
1. Function: The network address used to identify a node
2, Composition: 32 bits, in 4 decimal numbers to denote, between use. Separated
Network bit + host bit
3. Classification:
A 1 ~ 127 Net + Master + Master + Master
B 128 ~ 191 Net + Net + Master + Master
C 192 ~ 223 Net + Net + Net + Master
D 224 ~ 239 Multicast (multicast)
E 240 ~ 254 Scientific research
4. Default Subnet mask
Class A 255.0.0.0
Class B 255.255.0.0
Class C 255.255.255.0
5. Gateway
is the "gateway" to a network connected to another network.
6. Public IP address and private IP address
Public address, also known as the public address, through which direct access to the Internet, it is within the scope of the WAN.
Private address, also known as the Special Network address, specifically for the internal use of the organization, it is within the scope of the LAN, out of the local area network is unable to access the Internet.
Private address range:
Class A 10.0.0.1 ~ 10.255.255.254
Class B 172.16.0.1 ~ 172.31.255.254
Class C 192.168.0.1 ~ 192.168.255.254

III. Basic Environment settings
1. TCP/IP Settings
Static
Dynamic
2. View configuration information for IP addresses
Start | Control Panel | Network and Sharing Center | Click the View Status button to the right of local Area Connection | Click the details or start | Command Prompt | Run Ipconfig or
Ipconfig/all
3, alternate configuration of IP address
When you choose to obtain an IP address automatically, an alternate configuration is added, and the standby configuration is automatically enabled when the computer fails to obtain parameters such as an IP address from the DHCP server.
Alternate configurations are available in two ways:
1) Private IP address: 169.254.0.1-169.254.255.254, subnet mask is 255.255.0.0
2) User manual configuration:
4. Ping command to test network connectivity
Ping 127.0.0.1
Perform loopback testing
Verifying that the TCP/IP configuration is correct
5. Enable or disable the firewall
Start | Control Panel | Windows Firewall | Click the Change Settings button
6. Set the computer name and join the workgroup
Right-click-Computer-Properties-Advanced system settings-computer name and workgroup name-change-
Note: The computer name must be unique on the network, even if it is in a different workgroup. You need to restart the computer after you change the computer name to take effect.

Small white Learning windows third