Small White Linux Learning Tour (ii)

First, the Linux system structure

Linux is an inverted tree structure
Everything in Linux is a file.
These files are at the top of the system directory "/"/is the root directory
/directory Below is a level two directory these directories are automatically created when the system is installed
The role of the secondary directory
/bin binary executable file is a system command
/sbin System Management Command storage location
/boot boot partition, responsible for system boot
/dev Device Management files
/etc most system administration files
Home directory for normal users
/lib 32-bit system library file storage location
/LIB64 64-bit system library file storage location
/media System temporary Device mount point
/MNT System temporary Device mount point
/run System temporary Device mount point
/OPT third-party software installation location
/proc System Information
/root Super User home Directory
/srv,/var System Data
/sys system Management, mainly about the kernel
/tmp system temporary file storage location
/usr System user-related information data and user-defined software storage location

Ii. addressing the file

Absolute path
File in the real location of the system, the file name begins with "/"
Relative path
The file relative to the current location of the name of a shorthand, the name does not start with/, and the name will automatically add the value of the PWD display

III. Management of documents

1.touch creating files or modifying file timestamps

Touch File Creation File

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2. mkdir Building a Directory

mkdir Directory Creation
-P Parent Directory does not exist automatically established

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3.RM Delete

Rm-f forcibly removed without prompting
-R Delete Directory

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4. Cat|head|tail View in File

Cat|head|tail File Content View command

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5. Vim Text mode edit file

Vim filename enters the command mode in addition to the directory or file

Command mode cannot edit the file if you want to edit the file to enter insert mode
Press "I" to enter insert mode
If you are finished editing, press "ESC" to eject the insert mode and enter ": Wq" to save the exit

Vim filename If the file name does not exist, it will be created automatically

Vim no Action object opens directly, after editing the file to: Wq filename

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6. CD Switch working directory

CD directory switch working directory to the specified directory

CD-Switch working directory to previous directory

CD ~ Switch to your home directory
CD ~usernmae switch to the specified user home directory

Cd.. Go to the parent directory of the current directory

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7. LS lists directory or file information

LS If there is no target behind then the default target is the current directory
LS direcory|filename list file or directory contents
ls-d direcotry List the directory itself
Ls-l Filename|dorectory lists the properties of the contents of a file or directory
Ls-ld directory lists the properties of the catalog itself
LS-A displays all content in the directory, including the "." Hidden files at the beginning
Ls-r to display content in a directory

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8.CP file copy

CP is the process of creating a new file

CP file File1 file2. directory to copy file File1 file2 to Directory
CP file test establishes the test file template
Cp-r Directory Direcotry1 Replicating directories

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9.MV Move or rename

The MV of the same disk is renamed, and the MV of different disks is the copy-delete process

MV file file1 direcotry move file file1 into directory
MV presence file does not exist file rename file
MV Westos/linux. Move Linux in Westos to the current directory. Represents the current directory

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Four, the regular expression

* Match 0 to any character
？ Match a single character
[[: Alpha:]] matches a single letter
[[: Lower:]] matches a single lowercase letter
[[: Upper:]] matches a single uppercase letter
[[:d Igit:]] matches a single number
[[: Alnum:]] matches a single number or letter
[[:p UNCT:]] match a single symbol
[[: Space:]] match a single space

{} indicates a nonexistent or existing

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{A.. F} a-f
{1,3,5} 135
{A,c,e} a C E
{1..3} {A.. C} 1a 2a 3a 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 3c

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[] Indicates the existence of the
[A-c] AA BB CC
[a-c] AA or BB or C
[1-3] 1 or 2 or 3
[145] 1 or 4 or 5
[^abc]| [!ABC] except A and B and besides C

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~                                        Current User home directory
~username                        specified user home directory
~+                                       current directory
~-                                       directory before current directory

. Current directory
.. Upper level of current directory

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Small White Linux Learning Tour (ii)