Snmputil is used to view SNMP information.

In order to allow readers who cannot get the routing and switching experiment environment to learn and understand SNMP network management, I will introduce an SNMP Network Management System in Win2000 in this section, with proper configuration, we can learn SNMP network management on a computer.

To learn SNMP Network Management in Windows 2000, two prerequisites are required: 1. install and configure the SNMP server of window s 2000, which is the proxy process we introduced earlier; 2. Obtain the network management tool snmptuil.exe under the command line, which is a software in Microsoft Windows 2000 resource tool and a management process in the network management system.

1Install and configure the SNMP Server 

Open "Control Panel-> Add/delete programs", select "Add/delete Windows components", and then select "management and monitoring tools" in the pop-up "Windows components ", click "details". In the displayed "management and monitoring tools" dialog box, select "Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP ", click "Next" to install the SNMP server.

After the installation is successful, we can see that the SNMP service has been started in "Control Panel-> management tools-> service". Double-click "SNMP Service" to configure its properties, generally, we can use the default system configuration. Remember that the group name is public by default.

SNMP in Windows 2000 also provides the trap service.

2Use an SNMP Management site 

To reduce the number of snmps' learning points, we chose the snmptuil.exe software to show you how a complete network management workstation works.

Snmputil is a command line software. The syntax is as follows:
Usage: snmputil [GET | getnext | walk] Agent community OID [oId...] snmputil
Trap

The agent indicates the IP address of the Agent process, the Community indicates the group name, And the oId indicates the ID of the MIB object.

Example:

1) View the system information of the Local Computer (IP Address: 192.168.0.3) 

By checking the MIB object of the system group, we know that the MIB object corresponding to the system information is. 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1 (see system group object). We use the get parameter to query: C:/> snmputil get 192.168.0.3.
Public. 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
Variable = system. sysdescr.0
Value = string hardware: x86 family 15 Model 2 stepping 7 at/at compatible
-
Software: Windows 2000 version 5.1 (build 2600 uniprocessor free)

Public is the group name on 192.168.0.3, And. 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 is the object instance. Note that a vertex "." Must be added before the Object ID, and a "0" must be added later ". If you do not add 0 at the end of the Object ID, an error occurs when you use the get parameter to query the Object ID. From the query results, we can see the operating system version and CPU type.

2) Query the duration of a computer's continuous boot.

C:/> snmputil get 192.168.0.3 public. 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0
Variable = system. sysuptime.0
Value = timeticks 447614.

If we do not add 0 after the Object ID, we can use the getnext parameter to get the same effect:

C:/> snmputil getnext 192.168.0.3 public. 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3
Variable = system. sysuptime.0
Value = timeticks 476123.

3) Query the contacts on the computer.

C:/> snmputil get 192.168.0.3 public. 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.4.0
Variable = system. syscontact.0
Value = string Administrator

The preceding section briefly describes how to use snmputil to query proxy processes. It may be inconvenient for you to use it in the command line. However, one advantage of the command line is that it can help you actively check MIB objects, deepen understanding of SNMP network management.

4) use walk to query all running processes on the device:

C:/> snmputil walk 192.168.0.3 public. 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2
Variable = host. hrswrun. hrswruntable. hrswrunentry. hrswrunname.1
Value = string system idle Process
Variable = host. hrswrun. hrswruntable. hrswrunentry. hrswrunname.4
Value = String System
Variable = host. hrswrun. hrswruntable. hrswrunentry. hrswrunname.292
Value = string snmputil.exe
Variable = host. hrswrun. hrswruntable. hrswrunentry. hrswrunname.308
Value = string ravtimer.exe
Variable = host. hrswrun. hrswruntable. hrswrunentry. hrswrunname.336
Value = string ravmon.exe

Due to the length constraints, I will not list all processes. you can experiment on your computer to enhance your perceptual knowledge.

5) Query the user list on the computer

C:/> snmputil walk 192.168.0.3 public. 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25.1.1
Variable = .iso.org. DOD. Internet. Private. policises.
LanManager. lanmgr-2.server.
Svusertable. svuserentry. svusername.4.117.115.101.114
Value = string user
Variable = .iso.org. DOD. Internet. Private. policises.
LanManager. lanmgr-2.server.
Svusertable. svuserentry. svusername.5.71.117.101.115.116
Value = string guest
Variable = .iso.org. DOD. Internet. Private. policises.
LanManager. lanmgr-2.server.svUserTable.svUserEntry.
Svusername.13.65.100.109.105.110. 105.115.116.114.97.116.111.114
Value = string Administrator

We can know that the computer has three users: User, guest, and administrator.

Snmputil also has a trap parameter, which is mainly used for trap capturing. It can accept information sent from the Agent process. If we enter snmputil trap under the command line and press enter, and then use the wrong group name to access the proxy process, the report sent by the proxy process will be received.

There are a total of 175 objects in mibii, and each object has its own meaning. We can only view MIB to know their respective functions. MIB objects are the core content of SNMP network management. Only by understanding the meaning of MIB objects can we know how to control SNMP network management.

This article only gives a brief introduction to SNMP network management. If you want to learn more, you should read a special SNMP network management book. In this article, the author introduced the use of snmputil.exe. In all fairness, this tool is excellent in learning SNMP network management, but it is unrealistic to use it in daily network management, in practice, I recommend using Cisco's ciscoworks2000 or solarwinds for network management. Their interfaces are friendly and powerful, but they are also relatively complicated to use, if you are interested, you may wish to learn how to use it.

Knowledge

Domain Name System DNS 

On the Internet, people generally do not directly use a binary IP address (such as 202.112.105.5) to access hosts, servers, and other network resources. Instead of a binary address, the address is represented by an ascii code (www.bupt.edu.cn ). However, the Internet node device only recognizes binary addresses. Therefore, the Internet must provide a translation mechanism that supports the ASCII ing between the address represented by ASCII code and the binary address. This service is provided by the domain name system.

SMTP

Email e-mail is one of the most widely used applications of the Internet. The email system can be divided into user agent (UA) and message transmission agent (MTA. The message transmission system (MTS) is a message transmission system (MTS ), simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the protocol for communication between two MTA.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

On the user interface provided by the browser, the user clicks the webpage connection to send a request to the server. The server returns multiple types of media displayed on the browser. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used to support the interaction process) protocol, which is an application layer protocol, application and distributed structure (distributed) and collaborative hypermedia information system.

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

Effective management is required for all types of communication networks to run efficiently and stably. For TCP/IP networks, the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) it is the best candidate for its Network Management Protocol. In addition, for non-TCP/IP networks, the SNMP management system is also competent.