Software configuration _unix Linux for step-by-step learning of Linux

Linux Configuration

Here, the configured object is not the kernel, but the software. As for the configuration of the network, mainly in the installation system is already basically completed, you can also enter the GUI interface from the menu select Liloconf to configure.

Like Windows, you can install applications from CDs and floppy disks on Linux systems, but instead, it needs to use the command mount to log on to the CD drive, the floppy drive. Moreover, the software is mostly compressed, so you need to know how to decompress. Finally, you must configure and compile to run. The following are described in four ways:

First, Mount Login

Linux floppy drive device with special file/dev/fd0, file system is MSDOS, so to log in under the command, read the contents of the floppy disk:

# mount-t Msdos/dev/fd0/mnt/floppy
# Cd/mnt/floppy
Similarly, type the following command to read the disc:
# mount-t Iso9660/dev/hdb/mnt/cdrom
# Cd/mnt/cdrom
Then, use the CP command to copy the required software to the system.
Exit the floppy drive and the optical drive with the Umount command. Note that you cannot use this command in its directory, but you should first CD to another directory, and then use: Umount/mnt/cdrom.
　　
Second, the installation of software

For Linux software is usually terminated with. gz or. tar or. tar.gz. The former is compressed by gzip, and the latter is archived first with tar, and is compressed with gzip.

1, to the end of the. GZ for compressed files, with the command: gzip-d filename to extract the file in the current directory, but there is no. gz.

2, at the end of. Tar for archive files, with commands: TAR-XVF filename to expand, generated files and source files in the same directory, but less. Tar.

3. tar.gz end of the file most common, can be directly with the command: GZIP-CD filename | Tar XFV-To install.

In general, the first item of this type of file is a directory, so the above command creates this directory and all the files exist under this directory. If it is a special case, you can use the command: TAR-TVF filename | More to view the first item of the file. If it is not a directory, first create a directory, put the file under this directory, in the command: TAR-XVF filename to install.

After the above steps, will generate readme and install and other documents. VI to carefully read these files to build in the Linux-related parts, more specifically to configure. The general Steps are: (1)./config, (2) make install, (3) make. The main changes in the first step, after which you need parameters, visible into the command to select:./config--help.
　　
Three, examples of practice the author has configured Apache (Apache server), php3 two software.

First download the software for Linux apache.tar.gz, php3.tar.gz from the Internet.

1, because apache.tar.gz is greater than 1.44M, so the author in Center_5 Msdos on the telnet command to log on to Linux, by putting it upload.

2, the author put the two software under the/USR/SRC directory, with the command GZIP-CD apache.tar.gz (php3.tar.gz) | Tar XFV-To install. This will see two directories: apache_1.3.6 and php-3.0.7.

3, in the first directory, you will see very important documents: README, INSTALL. If this is the GUI interface, you can open two xterm, one for careful reading, and one for configuring according to the prompts for the file.

4, in the second directory, will also quickly find the file: INSTALL, INSTALL. DSO, README. Qnx. The steps are similar to 3. Since these two files are interrelated, you must first configure the former.

5, after the configuration, into the/apache_1.3.6/conf/httpd.conf. In the file, understand its comments, delete or add some options before the "#". After you save the file, execute the command/usr/src/apache_1.3.6/bin/apachectl start, open HTTP, and then browse the Web page in Netscape communication.

Experience in the study of the one months, the author is facing a new operating system, the vast majority of operations through their own type of command to achieve, so as to depth to a certain level of understanding the operating system kernel.

1, understand some of the basic UNIX commands;
2, familiar with vi text editing;
3, know how to write on Linux, Unix, compiled C, C + +, Java programs;
4, further understanding of the network principle, hands-on configuration of the network application software, so also clear the general steps of software Installation.
5, after all, today for Linux application software is few, and Redhat Linux does not support Chinese, so it is not completely out of windows. Therefore, should play Linux is a very good network server operating system advantages, and avoid weaknesses.

Due to the lack of knowledge about the operating system, it is not possible to modify, develop the kernel, and stay on the basis of general understanding and basic operation. Because the author study Linux is to first on the PC to understand Unix, this is the main purpose. Of course, this period of study is carried out around this purpose.