Software testing technology and its process

The software tests are divided into static and dynamic tests from the perspective of whether the software being tested is required.
Static testing means that the tested program is not running on the machine, but instead employs manual detection and computer-assisted static analysis
means to detect the program, the main methods include manual testing and computer-aided static analysis. Relative dynamic testing,
Static testing can be done earlier. The troubleshooting and analysis functions of static analysis are not substituted by other methods, and static sub-
Analyze the problems found in the document. At present, static testing has been used as an automated, major code validation method. But
Static tests do not detect the actual execution of the program and cannot get the results of the program's execution.
Dynamic testing is the actual running of the program, enter the appropriate test cases, to determine whether the execution results meet the requirements,
Thus, the correctness, reliability and validity of the program are verified. Testing in general means dynamic testing. To make
Testing found more errors, need to use some effective methods: One is the black box test, that is, the function of testing products;
One is the white box test, which is to test the internal structure and process of the product. Dynamic testing is a frequently used test method,
It is an effective test method in unit test, integration test, System test and acceptance test.
However, the dynamic test can not find the document problem, must wait for the program code to be done, found that the problem is much later, a
Once the problem is discovered, it must be redesigned and re-coded, which inevitably increases the cost of bad quality.
The software test is divided into black box test and white box test from the point of view of the internal structure of the system and the concrete implementation algorithm.
Black box testing, also known as functional testing or data-driven testing. Black-Box testing is the function that a known product should have, testing to see if each feature is working properly. When testing, regardless of the internal structure and internal characteristics of the program, the tester in the program interface test, it only checks whether the program function in accordance with the requirements of the specification of the normal use, the program can properly receive the input number saw and produce the correct output information, and maintain the integrity of the external information. The "black Box" method focuses on the external structure of the program, regardless of the internal logic structure, testing the software interface and software functions. The "black Box" method is an exhaustive input test, in which all possible inputs are used as test cases in order to detect all errors in the program in this way. In fact, there are an infinite number of test cases where people are not only testing all legitimate inputs, but also testing those that are illegal but possible.
White-Box testing, also known as structural testing or logic-driven testing. White box testing is a known product internal work process, through testing to detect whether the internal action of the product according to the specifications of the normal, mainly for software validation. The White box method thoroughly understands the internal logic structure of the program and tests all logical paths. The "white Box" method is a poor lift path test. When using this scenario, the tester must examine the internal structure of the program, starting with the logic of the checker and drawing the test data. The number of independent paths through the program is astronomical.    But even if each path is tested there may still be errors, because the exhaustive path test must not detect that the program violates the design specification, that the program itself is a wrong program. Gray box testing, is really between the black box test and white box test, gray box test focus on the output of the correctness of the input, but also pay attention to internal performance, but this concern is not as detailed and complete as the white box, but through a number of representational phenomena, events, signs to determine the internal operating state. Sometimes the output is correct, but the internal is actually wrong, this situation is very much, if every time through the white box test to operate, the efficiency will be very low, so need to take such a gray box method. The grey box test combines the features of the black box test with the White box test box. It considers the client side, the specific system knowledge and the operating environment. It evaluates the design of the application software in the collaborative environment of the system components.

Software testing technology and its process