Some common file and directory operations of the Python OS module

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Python's OS modules encapsulate common file and directory operations, and this article lists only a few common methods and more ways to view official documents.

The following are some common uses:

Method	Description
Os.mkdir	Create a Directory
Os.rmdir	Delete Directory
Os.rename	Renaming
Os.remove	deleting files
Os.getcwd	Get Current work Path
Os.walk	Traverse Directory
Os.path.join	Connection directory and file name
Os.path.split	Split file name and directory
Os.path.abspath	Get absolute path
Os.path.dirname	Get path
Os.path.basename	Get the file name or folder name
Os.path.splitext	Detach file name and extension
Os.path.isfile	Determines whether the given path is a file
Os.path.isdir	Determine if the given path is a directory

Example

The following example of the directory structure for reference, working directory is /Users/ethan/coding/python .

Users/ethan└── coding    └── python        ├── hello.py    - 文件        └── web         - 目录

Take a look at the example:

• Os.path.abspath: Gets the absolute path to the file or directory

1 $ pwd2/users/ethan/coding/python3 $ python4>>>ImportOs#Remember to import the OS module5>>> Os.path.abspath ('hello.py')6 '/users/ethan/coding/python/hello.py'7>>> Os.path.abspath ('Web')8 '/users/ethan/coding/python/web'9>>> Os.path.abspath ('.')#absolute path to the current directoryTen '/users/ethan/coding/python'

• Os.path.dirname: Get the path to a file or folder

1>>> Os.path.dirname ('/users/ethan/coding/python/hello.py')2 '/users/ethan/coding/python'3>>> Os.path.dirname ('/users/ethan/coding/python/')4 '/users/ethan/coding/python'5>>> Os.path.dirname ('/users/ethan/coding/python')6 '/users/ethan/coding'

• Os.path.basename: Gets the file name or folder name

1>>> Os.path.basename ('/users/ethan/coding/python/hello.py')2 'hello.py'3>>> Os.path.basename ('/users/ethan/coding/python/')4 "'5>>> Os.path.basename ('/users/ethan/coding/python')6 'python'

• Os.path.splitext: Detach file name and extension

1>>> Os.path.splitext ('/users/ethan/coding/python/hello.py')2('/users/ethan/coding/python/hello','. PY')3>>> Os.path.splitext ('/users/ethan/coding/python')4('/users/ethan/coding/python',"')5>>> Os.path.splitext ('/users/ethan/coding/python/')6('/users/ethan/coding/python/',"')

• Os.path.split: Separating directory from file name

1>>> Os.path.split ('/users/ethan/coding/python/hello.py')2('/users/ethan/coding/python','hello.py')3>>> Os.path.split ('/users/ethan/coding/python/')4('/users/ethan/coding/python',"')5>>> Os.path.split ('/users/ethan/coding/python')6('/users/ethan/coding','python')

• Os.path.isfile/os.path.isdir

1>>> Os.path.isfile ('/users/ethan/coding/python/hello.py')2 True3>>> Os.path.isdir ('/users/ethan/coding/python/')4 True5>>> Os.path.isdir ('/users/ethan/coding/python')6 True7>>> Os.path.isdir ('/users/ethan/coding/python/hello.py')8False

• Os.walk

Os.walk is a common module for traversing a directory that returns a Ganso with 3 elements: (Dirpath, Dirnames, filenames). Dirpath returns all the absolute paths in the directory as string strings; Dirnames returns the folder name under each absolute path in list form, Filesnames returns all file names under that path as a list.

1>>> forRoot, dirs, filesinchOs.walk ('/users/ethan/coding'):2...PrintRoot3...Printdirs4...PrintFiles5 ...6/users/ethan/Coding7['python']8 []9/users/ethan/coding/pythonTen['web2'] One['hello.py'] A/users/ethan/coding/python/web2 - [] -[]

Some common file and directory operations of the Python OS module