The Master:master database stores instance-scoped metadata information, server configuration, and all database information and initialization information in the instance.
The Resource:resource database is a hidden, read-only database that stores definitions of all system objects. When querying a system object in a database, it is in the SYS schema of the current database, but is actually defined in the resource database.
Model: As the name suggests, the model database is used as a template for creating new databases, and each new database created is created by a copy of model. Therefore, you can modify the modifications that he has reached to the initialized database.
The TEMPDB:TEMPDB database is where SQL Server stores temporary data, such as worksheets, sort spaces. Temporary table storage location Also in tempdb note that every time that you restart an instance of SQL Server, the database is deleted and recreated by the model copy.
The MSDB:MSDB database, known as SQL Server Agent, is where the service stores data, and SQL Server Agent is responsible for automating operations, including jobs, schedules, and alerts that are also responsible for replication services.
SQL Server System Database