Stool (Debian) -- very big, very convenient? (1) -- install Debian from the hard disk

Today, we finally installed the well-known stool.

It is actually quite simple to install from the hard disk, if you have installed grub.
I used ubuntu7.04 in the past. Because I manually installed GTK in the source code, some dependent packages may be changed, which caused a small problem in the desktop system natilus after the system is automatically upgraded. Later it gets worse until the entire desktop crashes.
Therefore, use Debian instead.

In this way, grub is available on my machine, which makes it very convenient to install Debian on the hard disk.
First, three files:
1、initrd.gz
2. vmlinuz
3, debian-40r2-i386-CD-1.iso (this is the latest release of Debian, if you are not using this version, may not be the same name)

The first two files I provided here (http://files.cnblogs.com/soli/initrd.gz_vmlinuz.zip) are also easily searchable online.
The third file can be uploaded to or downloaded from the official website or image website. Here, only an official link is provided.
Http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/4.0_r2/i386/iso-cd/debian-40r2-i386-CD-1.iso

Next, you can install Debian from the hard disk in three steps.

1. Put the above three files under the root path of an existing partition. For example, the root directory under the drive letter of windows.
2. modify the configuration file menu. lst (/boot/GRUB/menu. lst) of grub and add content similar to the following at the end of the file: Title install Debian
Kernel (hd0,6)/Vmlinuz
Initrd (hd0,6)/Initrd.gz

The first line is the title displayed when grub is started and the Operating System Selection interface is displayed.
The second line is the path of the Second file.
The third line is the path of the first file above.

(Hd0, 6) is the partition where the file is located: 0 in hd0 indicates the first hard disk and 6 indicates the sixth partition. If you are not here, modify the corresponding number.

3. Restart the machine and select "Install Debian" on the grub operating system page ".

In this case, Debian installation is started, and the rest is the same as the installation from the CD.

Next, adjust Debian to make it more comfortable to use.

1. Let yourself use sudo
By default, Debian does not include the common users created during installation in/etc/sudoers. Therefore, although you have entered your password, you still cannot use the sudo command, the prompt "XXX is not in the sudoers file. this incident will be reported. ". XXX is your user name.
Add the following content to/etc/sudoers: Xxx all=(All) All

XXX is your user name.

Ordinary users do not have the write permission for this file. What should I do?
A) First Su, convert to the root account, and then edit the file;
B) run the cmddo command. The Debian command is not installed by default, so use the first method.

Here is a detailed articleArticleIt is worth noting that:
Http://linux.vbird.org/linux_basic/0410accountmanager.php#userswitch

2. Install Vim
By default, Debian installs the tiny version of VI, which is quite uncomfortable to use. At first I thought my keyboard was not recognized. Sudo Apt-Get install Vim

3. Install gvim
Do you think Vim is not enough? Install gvim.
However, the following command does not seem to work: Sudo Apt-Get install gvim

I have not taken care of this. Make up later.

4. Enable Debian to automatically mount Windows partitions and display Chinese characters normally
Edit/etc/fstab and add the following content: / Dev / Hda3 / Media / Win_c auto umask = 0 , Iocharset = Utf8 0 0
/ Dev / Hda5 / Media / Win_d auto umask = 0 , Iocharset = Utf8 0 0
/ Dev / Hda6 / Media / Win_e auto umask = 0 , Iocharset = Utf8 0 0

You may need to modify the content of the first two columns as needed.
The first column is the device, the second column is the mount point, and the third column is the file system. Generally, auto enables the system to automatically detect the device. If not, specify vfat or NTFS. The fourth column is the Mount parameter: umask = 0, which ensures that normal users have write permissions on weindows partitions. You can restrict the permission of specified users to change partitions. For details, see man 8 mount, or seek help from the Internet;Iocharset=Utf8 enables the system to display Chinese characters normally. At the beginning, I usedIocharset=Cp936, or garbled characters.

5. Install Firefox
I am used to Firefox and can share the same configuration file, including bookmarks, cookies, and saved passwords, in both Linux and Windows systems. The article you see when browsing a website in Linux is still available in windows after you add the bookmarks. This kind of sharing between Linux and Windows is really wonderful.
Install: Sudo Apt-Get install Firefox

It was suddenly found that Firefox has another name, iceweasel ). The reason is about licenes. If you are interested, you can search for it.

6. Configure Firefox to share the configuration file in Linux and Windows.

Edit file ~ /. Mozilla/Firefox/profiles. ini: [General]
Startwithlastprofile=1

[profile0]
name = default
isrelative = 0
path = /Media/win_c/Documents \ and \ Settings/Administrator/Application \ data/Mozilla/Firefox/profiles/hhc2n048. default
default = 1

it mainly refers to the path setting, which should point to the configuration folder path of Firefox in your windows, generally:
C: \ Documents and Settings/Administrator/Application Data/Mozilla/Firefox/profiles/hhc2n048. default
the blue part may be the place you want to modify. administrator should change to your account name in windows, hhc2n048 is a random string, you need to go to the corresponding directory to see what the string is.

This should be done, but I still encountered a small problem, that is, when starting iceweasel for the first time, the following occurs: Iceweasel is already running, but is not responding. To open a new window, you must
First close the existing iceweaselProcess, Or restart your system.

But then I got myself ready. During this period, I restarted the system several times, started both Linux and Windows, and used Firefox in windows. Maybe you need to do the same thing.

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I will arrive here today, and I will try to add more content to this article.
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Well, we found that Debian had a lot of work tails for us, and we had to make it easy to use it.
For example, Debian does not take over from us for automatic mounting of Hard Disk Partitions. Why? Why must I have the user wipe his ass again?
Last bit of complaints.