Technical Innovation of Optical Fiber Access Network

The optical fiber access network has become the mainstream of the access network technology, and its characteristics and value have also been favored by many users. So I have studied some innovative technologies of the optical fiber access network, I would like to share it with you here and hope it will be useful to you. At present, the world's optical fiber copper withdrawal has become a trend in the Construction of optical fiber access networks. The FTTx-based optical fiber access network based on PON technology not only needs to carry services with higher bandwidth, but also carries the great ideal of telecom operators in the HD era for fixed network restoration. Under the general trend of network convergence and business convergence, FTTx has experienced revolutionary technological innovation in terms of architecture, performance, business bearer, and O & M to adapt to the "Uniform" Operation Construction, future-oriented and automated green optical fiber access networks.

Multi-Service bearer capability
With the restructuring of operators, China's three basic telecom operators have implemented full-service operations. As the basic bearer network, the access network needs to carry voice, data, video, and even mobile base station return services. The complex historical reasons make the traditional access network form a "chimney" network structure of "One service construction and one optical fiber access network, this greatly increases the network construction and operation costs of operators, while the introduction of optical fiber access networks, its "large capacity, high access bandwidth, and multi-service QoS support capability" feature makes it possible to evolve the access network to a unified, integrated, and efficient bearer platform. For personal access, FTTx can provide a high-bandwidth HD video experience and meet the needs of enterprise users for high service quality assurance, high reliability, and high security, FTTx provides high-precision clock transmission and high-reliability access for mobile base station return services.

Large Capacity and wide coverage
Simplifying the network hierarchy and flattening the network is of great significance for the access networks with the largest number of nodes. At present, the construction method of "large capacity, few bureaus" has gradually become the mainstream method of optical fiber access network. "Large Capacity, small bureau" means that the number of users covered by the OLT increases, and new requirements are raised for the features of the OLT system capacity, backboard bandwidth, port density, and coverage distance, at present, there are large-capacity OLT devices in the industry, including 960G switching capacity, 40G bus, 8 PON ports, 10 Gbps uplink ports, and 60KM long-distance PON technology.

Multi-scenario access
In order to increase the rate of access services for users and adapt to the needs of the future broadband market and full-service market competition, the FTTx construction model of optical fiber access network has become the mainstream construction model of optical fiber access network. It is a very complicated issue to see where fiber cables are going. You need to consider your bandwidth needs, existing access media, access point selection, data center, power supply, and O & M, regulatory Policies and many other factors. Therefore, carriers need an integrated and full-scenario FTTx solution that can meet the requirements of CO, FTTC, FTTB, and FTTH, FTTO and FTTM can also provide copper, P2P, and P2MP access.

High reliability
As the OLT capacity increases, the number of covered users increases, and it also carries Enterprise access, mobile bearer, and other services. The FTTx network reliability requirements are also increasing. For PON devices, it is necessary to provide redundancy protection for important components of the OLT equipment (such as power supply board, main control board, upstream interface board, and even user interface board). In terms of networking protection, for important customers or key businesses, the OLT provides TypeB and C protection on the line and upstream network layer protection to avoid spof and achieve reliable access. The end-to-end redundancy protection solution at the board, line, and network layers enables failover within 50 ms, providing users with a always-Online High-reliability business experience.

Automated deployment, O & M
With the advancement of optical copper withdrawal, the remote access nodes are getting closer to users. The number of nodes is dozens or hundreds of times higher, with diversified scenarios and more equipment types, as a result, the activation, configuration, and upgrade of devices are complicated. At the same time, the remote devices exit the data center, and the equipment running environment is poor and the failure rate increases. The equipment distribution is wide and the on-site troubleshooting workload is heavy. To address these problems, traditional access devices cannot meet the requirements of FTTx network deployment and O & M. They only implement plug-and-play for remote devices, test-free, and automatic service distribution, A series of automated deployment and O & M functions such as remote automatic upgrade, automatic fault diagnosis, and automatic configuration of equipment can make large-scale deployment of FTTx networks possible.

Green
Energy conservation and emission reduction have become a hot topic in social sustainable development. Building a sustainable green broadband network has become one of the important social responsibilities of telecom operators and an important way to increase profits. Optical fiber replacement for copper cables is itself a solution for saving energy and reducing consumption. In addition, all aspects of the network need green design to build a green end-to-end network.

As mentioned above, the advantages of optical fiber large capacity and long-distance communication still need to be achieved with the ultra-large capacity OLT. Currently, the largest capacity OLT in the industry has reached the T-bit capacity, and a single frame can support a maximum of 10 thousand users, the ultra-large capacity means that the OLT can be put in place in the central data center in one step. In combination with the advantages of Optical Fiber distance, the OLT can truly reduce a large number of node data centers, thus significantly reducing the rental cost of the data center and the overall power consumption. At the same time, the work that originally needed to go out to the site for maintenance will be completed in the central IDC, saving the trouble of staff movement and saving the resulting energy consumption.

FTTB in China will be one of the mainstream construction models. The promotion of FTTB will further bring access nodes closer to end users, so more communication devices will appear in the corridor of the community. Because corridor applications are closer to residents, there is usually no good heat dissipation condition. Communication devices usually have a large amount of heat dissipation. For effective heat dissipation, they are usually equipped with a big-leaf fan. However, the operation of the large page fan will produce continuous noise pollution, affecting the normal life of residents. In addition, consultation shows that the probability of device repair due to fan damage on the corridor is 20%. Small troubles bring about big problems. Sending people, leaving cars, and returning to repair all bring unnecessary resource consumption to the society. Currently, no fan is designed for corridor applications. The benefit of fan-less design is that noise pollution is directly eliminated. Secondly, it directly avoids a series of problems caused by device repair due to fan damage, and saves energy. The average power consumption of each fan is 5 W for two fans per device. If 0.1 million fans are used across the network, the whole network can save nearly 4.5 million kilowatt-hours.

Under the general trend of network convergence, multi-function, high integration, large capacity, high bandwidth, wide coverage, and green energy conservation have become the basic features of devices, especially for access layer devices deployed in massive volumes, these features directly affect the operator's network architecture, deployment plan, and even investment plan. As a leader in the Age of IP and optical fiber access networks, Huawei has become the world's leading FTTx solution provider for the most commercial projects among the world's leading carriers, it provides users with new access capabilities for high-speed Internet and triple-play services.

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