Technology of Ethernet access in intelligent residential area

With the rapid development of information technology, our daily life has been gradually integrated into the network world. From the early 90 's, the more developed countries such as Europe and America have put forward the concept of "smart home" (Smart House). Intelligent buildings have begun to move into the smart residential community to enter the family. In China, with the popularization of broadband access network technology and the continuous improvement of the degree of commercialization of housing, the intelligent function of housing becomes more urgent, and the intelligent building gradually expands to the residential district. Ministry of Construction survey and design department and the Ministry of Construction Housing Industry Office has begun to jointly organize the implementation of the national residential District Intelligent Technology Demonstration project, and in 1999 issued the "National Housing Community Intelligent Technology Demonstration Project construction work outline." Families in modern society are beginning to pursue the information, security, comfort and convenience brought about by the intelligence of dwelling house. The system structure of intelligent residential district pays more attention to the realization and individualized demand of household in safety, comfort of living environment, convenience of community service, community management, network communication, etc.
Basic concept and function of intelligent community
In our country in 1997, the "National residential District Intelligent System demonstration project construction key points and technical guidance", the design of residential quarter put forward the following requirements: A high degree of security, comfortable living environment, convenient means of communication, integrated information services and family intelligence management.
Smart community will eventually be reflected in the use of computer networks, information technology and control technology, such as automatic control and information interaction management, establish a community service and management Integration System composed of property management and Information Service Center, communication access Network and family intelligent system, to realize comprehensive, real-time and effective receiving, transmitting and Collection and monitoring. Intelligent Community Information System provides operators and households with comprehensive solutions to realize the intelligence and informatization of residential district. It mainly involves the family information service, the housing automation, the Community public service and the property Management service and so on several aspects
The basic function configuration of the Intelligent Residential district application system mainly includes the following aspects:
Information and communication system: provide users with voice communication, video broadcasting, broadband information services;
Security system: To provide community perimeter alarm system, residents of indoor alarm and other alarm systems;
Construction Equipment Monitoring system: the main water supply and drainage monitoring system and elevators, lighting and other equipment monitoring;
Property Management system: To realize the three-meter remote meter reading, fees and other community properties.
The Intelligent Community Information system can be divided into two parts of information network subsystem and control network subsystem from function.
The Information network subsystem is composed of data system, voice system, CATV system, on the one hand realizes the comprehensive access of data, voice and image, on the other hand provides the transmission channel for the control network subsystem, its transmission way is flexible, can be FTTB +lan, ADSL, HFC, can also be apon or wireless.
The control network subsystem can use the information network subsystem to realize the transmission of all kinds of control signals, and complete the functions of peripheral management and family intelligent management and control. Application of Ethernet access technology in intelligent community
At present, the broadband access technology mainly has ADSL, HFC, Ethernet three kinds of technology. ADSL technology makes full use of the original telephone line resources, can transmit voice at the same time, provide uplink 1.5mb/s, downlink 8mb/s data transmission. HFC technology makes full use of the resources of CATV network, and can provide the uplink 10mb/s and downlink 36MB/S data transmission while transmitting TV program. Ethernet technology uses five types of lines to provide uplink 10mb/s, downlink 10mb/s data transmission. Because Ethernet technology is not like ADSL and HFC has obvious industry barriers (telecommunications using ADSL technology, radio and television using HFC technology), access threshold restrictions, and mature and reliable, simple construction, low-cost. With the speed of the construction of broadband intelligent community in China, more and more operators begin to adopt Fttb+lan mode, that is, using Ethernet + twisted-pair (UTP) integrated wiring to build the community broadband network. Since many household intelligent electrical Appliances provide Ethernet interface, the intelligent management and control of household appliances can be realized through Ethernet. In the new community, more and more real estate developers use Ethernet + twisted-pair (UTP) integrated wiring to build the community broadband network.
1 Ethernet Access Technology

Ethernet access usually uses two-layer Ethernet switch, it works on the data link layer, providing data flow control, transmission error processing, transmission media access control functions. It can connect multiple LAN segments to form a larger LAN. Ethernet switch can set up a number of different point-to-point dedicated channels between ports, it adopts bandwidth exclusive mode, which greatly reduces the possibility of network congestion and improves the transmission efficiency of the network significantly. Its characteristics are:
In a network consisting of an Ethernet switch, any two nodes can establish a dedicated channel through an Ethernet switch, during which the dedicated channel is exclusively communicated.
Using VLAN technology of virtual LAN, the network can be divided into several smaller independent subnets according to the requirements of the users, and the efficiency and security of the network are improved by isolating the broadcast storm.
Extend the coverage of the network, expanding the network diameter.
Multiple LAN interconnection can be achieved through Ethernet switches.
Residential access directly to individual users, the requirement to be able to build a community network at the lowest possible price, and to the network as a supporting platform, such as security management, property management, user interconnection, online shopping, video on demand and many other community intelligence services. Therefore, the network should be a network with high bandwidth, high reliability, low cost of construction and maintenance. Ethernet with its good expansion performance, simple construction and low price advantages can fully meet the above requirements. With the popular traditional LAN mode of Ethernet different from abroad, intelligent residential area Ethernet access is a broadband access mode with Chinese characteristics, with the following characteristics:
User isolation: To protect the security of user data in the community, isolate the broadcast messages with personal information, such as ARP, DHCP messages, etc., to prevent the attack of critical equipment. Therefore, the network should ensure that the frames of a unicast address can be received only by the specified user. Frames for broadcast addresses should be prevented from being received by other users, avoid MAC/IP address counterfeiting, and prevent certain malicious broadcast packets from affecting the user's normal communications.
User management: Users must register the account, through the operator of the user authentication, authorization, to connect to the Internet or Community application server. Eliminate illegal users access to the network, occupy network resources, affect the use of legitimate users, and according to the user's attributes to enable users to enjoy different service levels and the corresponding rights. At the same time in the communication of the billing management.
Bandwidth management and QoS guarantee: The cell Ethernet has the bandwidth control ability, namely guarantees the user lowest access rate, limits the user maximum access rate. For the need to carry out voice, video multicast, such as high bandwidth requirements of the business, can provide business QoS guarantee.
Centralized management and maintenance: The District Ethernet has centralized management function, the Community center can monitor the network operation and the user to the network usage condition, avoids the user because of the mistake operation or the malicious attack to the network normal operation influence, can discover and deal with the problem in time. The intelligence of the community mainly embodies in the family interactive information broadband, security automation and property management intelligence and so on. Using Ethernet technology to construct the Community Intelligent network can realize the use of a network to connect the household terminals of each household, to achieve a full function, less investment, easy installation and maintenance, easy to unified management and monitoring.