The art of assembly language--the correctness of the idea (II.)

Iv. programming language applications in the U.S. market

The only information I have in hand is the article published on page 65th in May 1983 by the American Journal of COMPUTER, which discusses 362 software development tools at the time, stored in a "relational database", and analyzes the use of the tools in the database.
This article lists 34 programming languages, as well as a variety of other utilities, which are reproduced as part of the programming language.
┌─────────┬──┬─────────┬──┐
│ programming Languages │ Quantity │ programming language │ Quantity │
├─────────┼──┼─────────┼──┤
│fortran│110│cobol│41│
│jovial│15│structured fortran│10│
│assembly│8│basic│5│
│cics│4│object Code input│4│
│pl/1│3│iftran│3│
│srtran│3│pascal│3│
│structured cobol│3│ada│3│
│compass│2│ratfor│2│
│lisp│2│c│2│
│dmatran│2│memory dump│2│
│bal│1│smal/80│1│
│pcl│1│scobol│1│
│apl│1│hal/s│1│
│chill│1│algol│1│
│snobol│1│jcvs│1│
│csl│1│modula│1│
│mefia│1│cms-2│1│
└─────────┴──┴─────────┴──┘
After seven years of market choice, C is now the most important system tool, Pascal replaces COBOL as a development tool for commercial software. BASIC is still a companion for students and amateurs, and only the combined language is still around the original level. In addition to a few system programs, such as the IBM BIOS (Basic Input Output Services Primary Interrupt Service program) and DOS (disk operating system), there are not many users.
This phenomenon has led to a great prejudice, salty think that the United States and technology ahead of the choice of software development tools, they must have a unique vision. The school teaching, the system company application, does not follow, merely.
The United States is a business-oriented, using the means to update equipment each year to accelerate product improvement. Therefore, they attach importance to the efficiency of hardware, and the cost of programming, but the characteristics of the programming language itself, not receive due attention.
It is undeniable that at present we are in a very backward position on the software. If at this critical moment, we can not see the truth, delusion parody, the consequences of the uncertain.
I believe that only the use of combination language, vigorously develop a variety of applications, the most low-grade micro-computer performance to the extreme. In this way, we can give full play to the advantages of the numbers and promote high technology standards.

Performance comparisons for various languages

In order to understand the advantages and disadvantages of various common computer language performance, we selected five kinds of test objects, the following table is a variety of statistical data obtained from the test. Table with a base, the efficiency of the high, the value of the relative increase.
In appendix I and II, we enumerate the original programs, the techniques used, and the details of the various tests, respectively, and explain them. The main goal is to understand the techniques of programming writing and the means of pursuing efficiency.
The metrics we tested were two, one for the scope of the various programming languages themselves, and one for the differences between programming languages. Based on the analysis of time and space efficiency, we find that there are great differences between programming languages. The same language, the skill of programming, is also significantly different. As to the scope of application of programming language, it is not possible to draw a reliable conclusion because of limited materials.
We selected two topics, one is the dot-matrix graphics processing, will be a 24x24 lattice shape, about, up and down each magnified one times, to get the 48x48 font. This kind of dot-matrix processing, there are many higher order language is not competent, so had to in the commonly used language, selected five kinds. The other is sort, the general language can handle, but the efficiency is far apart.
┌─┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐
││ Language Categories │ Executive Speed │ Footprint │ production time │ Universal Machine │ Application Restrictions │
├─┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││assembly│1.0│1.0│2.1│ is limited to machine type │ Unlimited │
│ Map ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││turbo c│7.2│3.2│1.4│ No Limit │ Unlimited │
│-shaped ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││pascal│6.8│8.1│1.4│ │ Business Application │
│ Office ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││fortran│8.0│6.9│1.0│ │ Scientific Calculation │
│ Daniel ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││basic│720.0│8.1│1.0│ No Limit │ Limited │
├─┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││assembly│1.0│1.0│10.0│ is limited to machine type │ Unlimited │
│ Pai ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││c│3.0│3.0│1.5│ Limited │ Unlimited │
│ Preface ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││pascal│6.0│6.0│2.0│ No Limit │ general application │
│ Office ├────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┤
││fortran│8.0│7.5│3.0│ │ Scientific Calculation │