The design of TCP/IP and ATM

Design principles for high-speed network TCP/IP and atm <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "Urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"/>

Introduction to the first chapter

ATM Asynchronous Delivery mode (asynchronous Transfer mode)

IP Internetwork Protocol (Internet Protocol)

QoS Quality (Quality of service)

IDN Integrated Digital Network (integrated Digital Network)

The use of digital computer-controlled switches and digital transmission technology, although still using circuit switching mode.

Integration refers to the use of digital technology in both exchange and transmission.

ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network (integrated Service Digital Network)

It has a wide range of geographical coverage of the telephone network and digital data networks of the combination of the capacity of the integrated Digital Network IDN.

Integration refers not only to the combination of digital exchange and digital transmission, but also to the transmission and exchange of digitized voice and various types of data traffic on the same digital network.

UNI User network interface (user-network Interface)

Frame Relay is a high speed packet switching format for use in higher-speed networks, which can support up to 2Mbps of data rates.

ip-based Interconnection Network. The following four technologies have played a key role in the development of the Internet:

TCP and IP it combines the interconnection network route function with the End-to-end control function. A key point in the design of this protocol is that it is divided into two protocols: the IP protocol responsible for interconnection routing and Message transmission and the TCP protocol responsible for reliable end-to-end transmission. For applications that do not require reliable delivery functionality, you can use the more efficient UDP User Datagram Protocol (user Datagram Protocol) on top of the IP protocol. Now for real-time communication, the RTP Real-time Transport protocol (real-time transport Protocol) is usually used over IP.

Dynamic Routing Dynamic route selection completes two key functions. One is that it allows for dynamic discovery of routes, so that end-to-end systems and routers do not have to configure all End-to-end routing beforehand and can be reconfigured in the event of a network topology change. The second is to adjust the routing when encountering network congestion and failure, so the network load can be balanced effectively.

The concept of packet switching for ip-based interconnection, including End-to-end protocol and dynamic route selection, is first proposed for packet switched networks. For wide-area data networks, packet technology is still the dominant technology.

Ethernet Ethernet plays a dominant role in local networking.

OSI Open Systems Interconnection (open Systems interconnection)

ISA Integrated Business Architecture (Integrated Services architecture). ISA requires upgrading the router hardware to support real-time traffic, and it also includes a series of new protocols:

IPV6 The new version of this IP was originally designed to augment the Internet address space, but it provides some of the features that are critical to ISA.

RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol RSVP (Resource Reservation protocol) allows users to reserve resources on the Internet and specify traffic requirements for the network, as reflected in throughput and latency characteristics.

The RTP real-time transport protocol (Real-time transport Protocol) provides a mechanism for transmitting images, sounds, and other real-time traffic on the Internet, through which real-time traffic can be properly recovered at the destination.

Multicast routing Protocol In many cases, multimedia and other real-time traffic are delivered simultaneously to multiple destinations-that is, multicast (multicast).

Using these new protocols, the ISA-based interconnection network can deal with the sudden traffic of the system, while simultaneously processing multimedia and real-time traffic.

ATM Network

With the successful networking of ATM, several key features already exist:

The internal command , developed by CCITT for IDN and ISDN, SS7, is available for resource management on an ATM-based network. SS7 includes mechanisms for defining, establishing, and revoking logical connections to manage network resources.

external Command this refers to the user network interface signal of an ATM network, which includes mechanisms for establishing and revoking connections. This protocol allows users to define their own traffic characteristics and require the network to complete services at a specific level of QoS.

Physical Layer Specification ATM can run at a rate of hundreds of megabits per second or higher. In order to support such a high data rate, strict physical layer transport protocols must be developed. The most important thing in the physical layer is the synchronous digital SDH (synchronous Digital Hierarchy) protocol developed by ITU-T; the equivalent form in the United States is the synchronous Optical network Sonet (synchronous

Optical network). The standard for transferring ATM layer data to the sdh/sonet layer has been worked out.

ATM fit with ATM is a common delivery service that can be used to support multiple data transfer services and high-level protocols. To support a high-level protocol, the key is to have an ATM adaptation layer AAL (ATM adaptation Layer) map various high-level protocols and services to the ATM layer.

the first part of protocol and network basic knowledge

2nd Chapter Protocol and TCP/IP protocol family

TCP/IP is an internet-based concept that is the framework for developing a set of computer communication standards.

Perform typical communication tasks including:

1, the source system must activate the direct data communication channel or the identity of the target system to inform the communication network;

2. This source system must confirm that the target system is ready to receive data;

3. The file transfer program running on this source system must confirm that the file management system on the destination system is ready to receive and store the file for this particular user;

4. If the file format of the source and destination systems is incompatible, then one of the file systems must be responsible for completing the conversion function of the file format.

Of course, communication involves both parties, so there must be the same hierarchical set of features in both systems. Communication between the two systems is accomplished through communication between the peers (peer) layers in the two systems. < not completed stay >