The computer is composed of hardware and software which is indispensable.
How to achieve within?
First I'm going to tell you two conditions: a circuit that can perform a specific function, a program
Then, can complete the specific function of the circuit: basically digital circuit and analog circuit mixing, digital circuit through the use of current voltage to control the components of the off and on (off is 0, open is 1), and then you can have a certain function of the circuit with these 0 and one control; analog circuit: mainly amplification, These amplification circuits, which are also controlled, are used to make small signals, such as the sound of your voice being received by the microphone, and the music being played.
Then, the program, no matter what the program, is simply to tell those circuits how to work, how to complete it? For example, I give you 10 capacitors, we know that the capacitor can charge, storage, and then, charging the power of the expression as 1, not charging the expression of 0, and then we let these capacitors at the same time discharge out (each capacitor is connected to the circuit), then, there is no electricity storage power out, the circuit it is connected will not work, And the capacitance of the electricity was put out, and the electrical circuit that connected it was triggered by the electric power put on it, and the circuit began to work .... Well, the program is eventually stored (or otherwise) in the computer, 1 means there is electricity, 0 means no electricity.
The program has, there is no control of things, these capacitors are not able to discharge their own. So, to a cpu,cpu, everyone is talking about his frequency, 3 a few Hz how about the CPU, frequency to it do? Well, the frequency to him to scan those capacitors, each scan to some capacitance, these capacitors control the circuit according to the prior capacitance has no electricity to determine whether the work, and these capacitors have no electricity is the manifestation of the program.
So, to combine some circuits with specific functions, using a large capacitance matrix to store the program (this is an example, actually a FET or a magnetic field), and then use a CPU to scan the matrix to output the control signal and then let those circuits work as we wish.
Of course, it's not over yet, and those circuits work by giving back some signals to the CPU, allowing the CPU to adjust accordingly.
In addition, in the CPU also has instruction set (program) They are cured unchanged, is some basic instructions, but also by scanning to let the most basic circuit to complete those basic instructions.
So, in the end, functionality becomes incredibly powerful.
The machine language is converted into a current pulse signal, and the internal circuit of the computer starts the corresponding function according to the signal power on or off. How did it come true?