The soft exam is just around the corner, with no pressure on questions in the afternoon!

The software designer examination is about to begin the day after tomorrow. Based on my experience in reviewing and analyzing real questions over the years, I would like to share my experiences and experiences in the afternoon.

Looking at the real questions from to 11 years, it is not difficult to find that the exam focuses more and more on concepts and basic software design skills. Therefore, the exam questions are not very difficult. As long as you are calm and careful, there is basically no big problem.

The first question in the afternoon is the data flow diagram. Let's start with it! After investigation and analysis, it is found that many people cannot get full marks on this question. It is found that many people do not lack the ability to solve this problem, but lack the methods and skills to solve this question.

1. Characteristics of candidates in solving problems

1. No overall view: Do it with questions, and there is no overall control over the questions.

2. quick success: Read the question once and start to do it.If you want to read the question once, you can give it a question.

3. When reading a question, do not mark it and think about it.

4. It is a waste of time to modify the suspected side.

5.Careless: The answer format is ignored and the score should not be lost.

2. Solutions and skills

1. First, you must understand the essentials of data flow diagram design.

Note the following three items:

(1) from the external, from the top down, layer by layer refinement, improve refinement.

(2) maintain a balance between the parent and subgraphs.

(3) maintain data conservation.

2. Solutions.

(1) Data Balancing principles.

The data balancing principles are divided into two aspects:

① In the layered data flow diagram, the parent and subgraphs must be balanced. That is to say, the input and output data streams processed in the parent graph must be the same as the input and output data streams of the subgraphs in the number and name.

② Another aspect of data balancing is that each processing must have an input data stream and an output data stream, and the data in one processing of all output data streams must be directly obtained from the input data stream, or the data generated by the processing.

(2) Several details that need special attention.

① Each data stream must have a proper name.

② The data flow to the file, which indicates writing data, and the data flow to the outbound file indicates reading the file. In the entire data flow diagram, each file must have both read and write data streams. However, in a certain subgraph, only read and write data streams or write data streams are not read.

③ In the process of gradual refinement, if a file appears for the first time only related to one processing, and the file is a processed internal file, the file does not need to be drawn in the layer graph, it can be drawn in the detailed graph of the processing.

3. Skills in solving problems.

(1) reading skills. The first time I read the question quickly, I had a basic understanding of the knowledge points or transactions involved in the question, marked the object and storage file, and even marked the data stream. This step focuses on the problem, it is not difficult to understand the problem. Let's take a look at the problem for the second time.

(2) to have a general concept, it cannot be determined because of a point conformity, especially the data object.

(3) Pay attention to the speed of solving the problem. Generally, it is the best to solve the problem within 20 minutes.

(4) In the process of solving the problem, each data stream can find the corresponding statement in [description.

(5)Review it later. Do not make any doubts or modifications while doing so. In this case, you will bear the wrong time and have more errors.

The above method is also suitable for database design, the second question.

The third question is UML. This question is generally very simple. You can simply read the question carefully and look at the diagram.

The fourth question is that many people have headaches.AlgorithmQuestion. Many people think of the algorithm header as big, let alone correct the question. In fact, the algorithm is not as difficult as you think! Although a solid foundation and clear logic thinking are required to learn algorithms well, the algorithms used in the soft exam are not that difficult. Do not conflict with algorithms first. Do not think about algorithms that are too difficult. I won't wait. If you think that way, you're done.

No matter what questions you encounter during the exam, you must treat them with a normal mind. In recent years, algorithms have been tested in combination with C. It is easier to get more points, because the null values in the question can basically find the answer to the original question. Therefore, read carefully.Code. Even if you don't understand it at all, it doesn't matter. There must be similar code before and after the blank space. As long as you look at the pictures and pictures, you can write a few blank lines.

In addition, algorithm questions are often asked about the time complexity. To solve the time complexity, find the circular structure of the Code. For a layer of loops, it is generally n. If two layers of nesting are the square or N of N multiplied by a variable, this is basically the rule. Of course, you should not use this method as soon as it comes up. This method can be used only when you actually don't.

As for the design pattern, this is not particularly difficult. First, let's look at the diagram he gave to clarify the general relationship and understand the relationship between classes, what dependencies, combinations, and aggregation. Then, analyze the code based on the question. If he leaves a blank field in front of an interface, then fill in InterfaceIf the abstract class is empty, write it.AbstractIf there is an extends class between the class and the class, write implements between the class and the interface, and so on.

In short, the overall strategy of afternoon questions is to gradually refine the overall process. Relax and calm down. We need to strategically despise the enemy and tactically attach importance to the enemy. Finally, I wish you a smooth test!