The true feelings and skills of poetry

The true feelings and skills of poetry

poetry is your true feelings, that is to say. The famous poets of all ages have emphasized this point. The creation principle of Chinese classical poetry is "poetry, singing and writing". If there is no true feelings in the poem, How to say, how to say?
Liu Xie in the "Wen Xin Diao long, Zong Jing" article, has put forward the article "Six Righteousness", and "sentiment" led.
"Loh Feng Cihua" Yue: "True word is the word bone." Love is True, Kjnwo, will be good, and easy to unscripted. "
Wang Guowei in the "Human Cihua" in the outset: "The word to the state of the most." There is a state of self-made high lattice, own famous. ...... The environment not exclusively the scene also. Emotions, but also one of the hearts of the realm. Therefore can photograph the scenery, the true sentiment person, said has the realm. Otherwise, there is no realm. "
Goethe said, "Nothing is more frightening than an imaginative imagination." "Goethe is imaginative, but he believes that imagination should be based on the experience of life, emphasizing the need for sentient beings." France's famous writer Diderot more directly said: "No feelings of this quality, any style can not impress people." "
Contemporary literary critics in the review of our classical works, but also put the ideological content in the prominent position. We commend Li Bai, Du Fu, in addition to their works of superb artistry, more importantly, there is a moving inner emotion. Li Bai's "Quiet Night thinking" all over without a flowery rhetoric, but can become a masterpiece, is because of its strong and true homesickness; he Zhizhang's "home to the puppet book", but also handy, no modification of the place, and its touching place is the author in the "Little family left the eldest brother back" this particular environment into the feelings.
literature is more realistic, and poetry seems to be more severe. Because poetry is a few lines, like a handful spring, nature can not be the slightest false scum. Of course, the truth does not mean naturalistic, mechanically Erice, on the contrary, poetry and these phenomena are incompatible. Poetry more need to emphasize skills, this is just like looking at how people often look at how to wear what the next eye, reading poetry must first have artistic feelings such as musical sense, rhythm, sound harmony, color collocation and so on (about the skill problem will be in the next article on my understanding, no longer repeat).
noteworthy is, from some of the original site of poetry, there is a considerable part of the Xuezhong, in the poetry of the colorful, obsessed with the skill of playing tricks, confusing, keen to create strange and strange sentences, not by skill as a means, but in turn, let the content of the skills of the layout, to play tricks for the Wiles, To be not understood as advertised, away from life as a fashion, resulting in the reversal of content and form.
Remember a poet said: "In the process of creation, we should try to avoid the learned and advanced, against the kind of poetry of the hard-pressed to obtain." "But many of Xuezhong's works are obtained in this way, giving a mirage-like, flashy feeling."
Why is this happening? We think there are several reasons: first, some xuezhong one-sided pursuit of the so-called poetic skills, the work is a number of flowery rhetoric, which comes from the true feelings, the second is a few xuezhong the poem deliberately elongated, as if the poetry is short to show the author's "Sparkling", a point of emotion mixed with nine points of water, so that people read Third, some xuezhong show off knowledge, Xuan Munsu Yao talent, I would like to put their knowledge of an ancient brain stuffed into poetry, so that people as into the grocery store, YOUYANJIANGCU, needles, everything, it is difficult to make the taste of the character out of the work; Blindly imitate or make up hard to make up, naturally no true feelings, this is "test-making, poetry less jiapin" truth; five is some xuezhong not pay attention to life, lack of life experience, behind closed doors, June not even though the United States but difficult to see the "Shepherd Fife", "fishing Ong" also often appear in poetry? It is hard to write something like this.
So how can you write a masterpiece full of truth? There are three essential articles:
first, to have a life. The so-called "Kung Fu in the poem", "The word is not better than words to seek words." More contact with reality, more in-depth life, more observation, more accumulation. If the poem is likened to xuezhong carefully cultivated flowers, that life is to cultivate the soil of flowers, there will be good soil to have good flowers, life deep and shallow, accumulate more and less, observation of the coarse and fine, determine the true and false poetry, good and bad. The first open landscape poetry faction Xie Lingyun has "pond health spring grass, garden willow change songbirds" of the famous, the author not only noticed the change of the trees and flowers, even the spring tree-birds of the quiet changes have also been observed.
second, be inspired. Poetry creation comes from the life, but is not the simple reproduction of the life scene, but the high generalization of real life and sublimation, which need xuezhong in the deep life, observing life, at the same time, good at capturing passionate things, good at capturing the moment of feeling, "thinking, One Go" (Lu Xun), we may call the capture of inspiration, That is what people often say such as "clicked", "genius", "Evans Fountain" and so on. But the inspiration is different from "cleverness", the inspiration also comes from the life, has left the life practice and the knowledge accumulation, just like the microcomputer power outage, the spring water cut off, the inspiration also cannot discuss.
third, there must be passion. A good poem needs the truth, but not the common feeling, the general feeling, but the passion. Poetry is the spark of real life in the author's heart, writing poetry is a kind of spiritual creation, no passion is impossible. The ancients said poem to "Love, Shinlai, God", the same is said to have passion for creation. Li Bai "Dou wine poem Hundreds", is to find passion, Shidao Heng empty room wall seek couplets, is also to find passion. Of course, if poetry is only for the sake of laughter, it is another matter.

poetry must have artistic appeal, to be able to attract readers, in addition to the truth, there is a technical problem. Italian critic Tasso, in the art of poetry, said: "I am interested in writing ... of each poet, should pay attention to three things, that is, choose the subject matter, so that it can accept the poet's efforts to pursue the most perfect form, give the subject in this form, with the most delicate, most suitable decoration, the theme dress up. "I think this is the skill of poetry creation, about two aspects can be summed up:
one is to seek a piece, that is, the overall design of poetry. Including subject matter, content, layout, level and so on.
second, the decoration, that is, the artistic design of poetry. Including sentence, Word, choose (which several Chinese character combination more beautiful), distinguish the tone (which several Chinese characters with more beautiful), rhyme (of course there is no rhyme), rhythm, melody and so on.
When it comes to skill, it is particularly clear to me that Ba Jin, who met with Yugoslav writers in the early 80 's, said: "I advocate that the highest skill in literature is skill-free, not to be drawn by skill." The author thinks that this is a very good way to explain the dialectics of art, to reveal the law of artistic creation and the law of aesthetics, and to summarize and visualize the experience of traditional creation.
In fact, in the creation of Chinese poetry and even the whole art creation, there are two kinds of aesthetic pursuit, that is, the beauty of "Fishong" and "The Beauty of", and think the latter is higher but difficult to reach the realm. The beauty of "Fishong" is the beauty of plain, nature, simplicity and simplicity, which is "without skill", which is widely used in the whole art creation and appreciation. For example:
Litaibai on poetry: "Clear water out of Lotus, natural to carve." ("After the Lang the night Lang Yi flow of old travel book conceived Jiangxiave a good slaughter")
Xie Zhen said: "The nature of the wonderful people, Seiko second." ("Four Ming Li Poetry")
" le kee le theory" Advocates music: "Great joy will be easy, the gift will be simple."
dong Qichang on Painting: "The work is inferior to the humble", "the light wins the work". ("Zen Meditation Room essay")
Huang Tingjian's on the book: "Where the book is more clumsy than clever", "keep the Real to China", "quality is better than the text." ("Valley Old Man electrosurgical")
Li Yu on the drama: "Can and shallow see only, Fang is the article master." ("The leisure occasional send")
Yao Nai's paper: "The context of the article, if better than plain, wrong words, there are natural generators." (Book with Wang Tiefe)
All this tells us that the beauty of art lies in form, not in form, and without beauty in form, but only in form. As the French master Rodin said, "The real art is to ignore art." "Wang Zhihuan of the Stork House", no flowery rhetoric, no use of metaphor, personification, symbolism and any other skills, but we have from the plain to enjoy the beauty and profound enlightenment.
Therefore, we say that the poem creation originates from Xuezhong to the life experience eruption, but is not the skill performance, after all "paddle". The Song Dynasty poet Lu you in his old age review of his creation, deep emotion to his son said: "I beginner poetry Day, but to work algae painting." The middle age begins to realize, gradually if the peep grand "," Ru fruit wants to study the poem, the time is outside the poem ". ("The Delirium of the child")
However, "no skill" is not a skill, true reality also requires superb artistic skills to express. The so-called "no skill", is to be in the poetry creation, the use of skills to fit the content, to do not trace the "into", the natural, the skills should not highlight their own, but to highlight the content, and content integration. Liu Yuxi once the poem of Bai Juyi: "Ying people jin Consumption no traces, immortal clothes discarded knife ruler." ("Hanlin White 22 Bachelor of 100 poems for the Answer") poetry will be like a craftsman Cheng cut off the face of the ying people on the nose of the white soil without hurting the nose as natural.
Of course, this "no skill" realm, no advanced artistic accomplishment, no superb observation and performance, no perseverance pursuit, no tireless efforts are not up to. As the Ancients said: "Poetry is not ancient and modern, only made dull difficult." (Mei Yaochen "read Shao not suspect poem Volume") Lu Xun once aimed at some young people want to get the "secret" of writing, said: "If you want to say there is, but also just and the head of the reverse: there is true meaning, to whitewash, less affectation, do not show off." ("Naqiangbeidiao Group Toven Secret") Gorky also told young writers: "You young people, always in the pursuit of ' form ' to torture themselves, ... This is a very useless job. " ("Literary Letters"), all of which are to warn us not to misuse skills. We would like to share with fellow Xuezhong: With the truth, write true meaning, not fashionable, not show off skills.
a xuezhong may ask: How can you say no to practice? Haha, do not hear "in the voice of authority to talk about what you can not do, there is no easier than this," the discussion of the poetry of the book has 100, but the creation of only one poem; Teachers of eloquence can be seen everywhere, but there is almost no eloquent home ". (Voltaire "on Epic")

(2006)

The true feelings and skills of poetry