Time & amp; datetime and random in common Python modules, and time in python modules

Time & datetime and random in common Python modules, and time in python modules

This section outlines:

I. Module introduction:

Module, which implements a set of code for a specific function with a single worker code.

Similar to functional programming and process-oriented programming, functional programming completes a function. Other code can be called to provide code reusability and code coupling. For a complex function, multiple functions may be required.

(Functions can also be in different. py files). A set of code consisting of n. py files is called a module.

For example, OS is a system-related module, and file is a file-related module.

There are three modules:

① Custom Module

② Built-in standard module (also known as standard library)

③ Open-source module

Ii. time & datetime Module

1 import time 2 import datetime 3 4 print (time. clock () # returns the processor time. 5 print (time) has been deprecated since 3.3. process_time () # returns the processor time. 6 print (time. time () # returns the current system timestamp 7 print (time. ctime () # output Tue Jan 26 18:23:48 2016, current system time 8 print (time. ctime (time. time ()-86640) # convert the timestamp to the string format 9 print (time. gmtime (time. time ()-86640) # convert the timestamp to the struct_time format 10 print (time. localtime (time. time ()-86640) # converts the timestamp to struct_time format, but returns the local time 11 print (time. mktime (time. localtime () # and time. the localtime () function is opposite. struct_time format is converted back to timestamp format 12 # time. sleep (4) # sleep13 print (time. strftime ("% Y-% m-% d % H: % M: % S", time. gmtime () # convert struct_time format to the specified string format 14 print (time. strptime ("2016-01-28", "% Y-% m-% d") # convert the string format to struct_time format 15 16 # datetime module17 18 print (datetime. date. today () # output format 2016-01-2619 print (datetime. date. fromtimestamp (time. time ()-864400) # convert the timestamp to the date format 20 current_time = datetime. datetime. now () #21 print (current_time) # output 19:04:30. 33593522 print (current_time.timetuple () # returns the struct_time format 23 24 # datetime. replace ([year [, month [, day [, hour [, minute [, second [, microsecond [, tzinfo]) 25 print (current_time.replace (, 12) # output 19:06:24. 074900, returns the current time, but the specified value will be replaced with 26 27 str_to_date = datetime. datetime. strptime ("21/11/06", "% d/% m/% y % H: % M") # convert string to date format 28 new_date = datetime. datetime. now () + datetime. timedelta (days = 10) # add 10 days 29 new_date = datetime. datetime. now () + datetime. timedelta (days =-10) # Minus now 10 days 30 new_date = datetime. datetime. now () + datetime. timedelta (hours =-10) # Minus 10 hours now 31 new_date = datetime. datetime. now () + datetime. timedelta (seconds = 120) # more than now + 120s32 print (new_date)

The format is as follows:

Directive	Meaning	Notes
%a	Locale's abbreviated weekday name.
%A	Locale's full weekday name.
%b	Locale's abbreviated month name.
%B	Locale's full month name.
%c	Locale's appropriate date and time representation.
%d	Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31].
%H	Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23].
%I	Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12].
%j	Day of the year as a decimal number [001,366].
%m	Month as a decimal number [01,12].
%M	Minute as a decimal number [].
%p	Locale's equivalent of either AM or PM.	(1)
%S	Second as a decimal number [].	(2)
%U	Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number []. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0.	(3)
%w	Weekday as a decimal number [0 (Sunday), 6].
%W	Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number []. All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0.	(3)
%x	Locale's appropriate date representation.
%X	Locale's appropriate time representation.
%y	Year without century as a decimal number [].
%Y	Year with century as a decimal number.
%z	Time zone offset indicating a positive or negative time difference from UTC/GMT of the form + HHMM or-HHMM, Where H represents decimal hour digits and M represents decimal minute digits [-23:59, + 23:59].
%Z	Time zone name (no characters if no time zone exists ).
%%	A literal'%'Character.

Ii. random Module

1. Random Number

Eg:

1 import random2 print random.random()3 print random.randint(1,2)4 print random.randrange(1,10)

2. Generate a random Verification Code

Eg:

 1 import random 2 checkcode = '' 3 for i in range(4): 4     current = random.randrange(0,4) 5     if current != i: 6         temp = chr(random.randint(65,90)) 7     else: 8         temp = random.randint(0,9) 9     checkcode += str(temp)10 print checkcode