Tips for using commands in Ubuntu

Tips are intended to be simple and practical, so as to avoid being too complicated and difficult to remember, and to keep updating

1. When the system cannot boot, the grub command line configfile command may be used. In the grub terminal: configfile/boot/GRUB/grub. cfg
2. log on to the Super User gui (non-direct logon ). First, set the password for the root user in the user and group (or execute sudo passwd root on the terminal), select "Others" during GUI logon, type root, and then enter the password.
3. Open and edit all the root folders on the normal user interface. Sudo gnome-Open folder directory.
4. font installation. Copy the font to the font directory and run the following command:
Sudo mkfontscale
Sudo mkfontdir
Sudo FC-Cache-FV
5. Disable ubuntu9.10 touchpad (expired after restart): sudo modprobe-r psmouse
6. After ubuntu9.10 is plugged into the headset, the speaker still has sound: Unplug the headset and re-plug it again. If not, install gnome-alsamixer to adjust it.
7. Back up the partition table. Dd If =/dev/hda of =/XXX/MBR. Back BS = 512 COUNT = 1
8. Extract the boot information. Dd If =/dev/sdax of =/XXX/Y. lnx BS = 512 COUNT = 1 (Y. lnx is available in Windows)
9. Examples of menu. lst used for hard disk installation:
Title install Ubuntu
Root (hd0, 0) # Some netizens Use Find -- Set-root/{downloaded image file name}. ISO
Kernel/vmlinuz boot = Casper iso-Scan/filename =/{downloaded image file name}. ISO

Initrd/initrd. LZ
10. Add common icons to the desktop:
Open a window in gconf-editor, open apps-Nautilus-desktop in sequence, and check your options on the right. Remove the check box next to volumes visible to avoid displaying the attached hard disk partition.
11. System cleanup:
Sudo apt-Get autoclean clear old version Cache
Sudo apt-Get clean all software caches
Sudo apt-Get autoremove
12. Delete the old kernel:
Uname-A: The current kernel is displayed. You cannot delete it.
Sudo apt-Get remove -- purge Linux-image-version-generic delete old Kernel
13. Add the source of the virtual disc:
Sudo Mount-T iso9660-o loop XXX. ISO/Media/CDROM
Command:
Sudo apt-CDROM-m-D/CDROM add
Sudo apt-Get update
Sudo apt-Get dist-Upgrade
Add a CD Source:
Sudo Mount/dev/CDROM
Sudo apt-CDROM-m-D/CDROM add
Sudo apt-Get update
Sudo apt-Get upgrade
14. Add the PPS plug-in to the movie player:
Sudo add-Apt-repository PPA: portis25/CNAV add source.
Use the new software package manager to select totem-PPS tag and install
Open the movie player, edit the plug-in, and check the PPStream browser.
15. Terminal terminate the current running program: Ctrl + C; return to logon status Ctrl + D, and exit the virtual terminal
16. Several useful keyboard commands:
Alt + F1 open the application menu on the upper panel, and Press ESC to exit; Alt + F4 to close the current window; Alt + F9 to minimize the current window; Alt + F10 to maximize the current window; alt + Space key open the current window menu; Alt + F5 restore the original size of the window; Alt + capture the screen to capture the current window; CTRL + ALT + switch the work area to the work area in the specified direction; CTRL + ALT + D minimize all windows and restore again; Alt + TAB switch between windows
17. Small software recommendation (search from the new ground)
Pingus, a group of cute little penguins, special fun games
Avant window navigator, very fashionable
Screenlets can add many desktop gadgets

Master of Optimization in Ubuntu: Ubuntu-tweak

18. How to convert Ubuntu livecd to Sudo-I on the terminal.

19. Shortcut Keys for the terminal (Bash by default:

CTR + a move the cursor to the beginning; CTR + e move the cursor to the end; CTR + u delete all input before the cursor; up the key to find the previous commands that have just been lost; the middle mouse button is equivalent to Pasting;

20. To begin.