Types of interfaces supported by routers (1)

Interface Type

The types of interfaces supported by the vro reflect the versatility of the vro. Common interfaces include: common serial interfaces are converted to RS232 DTE/DCE interfaces, V.35 DTE/DCE interfaces, X.21 DTE/DCE interfaces, RS449 DTE/DCE interfaces, and EIA530 DTE interfaces through cables) 10 M Ethernet interface, Fast Ethernet interface, 10/100 adaptive Ethernet interface, Gigabit Ethernet interface, ATM interface 2 M, 25 M, 155 M, 633M, etc), POS interfaces 155 M, 622M, etc.), card ring interfaces, FDDI interfaces, E1/T1 interfaces, E3/T3 interfaces, and ISDN interfaces.

Number of available user Slots

This indicator refers to the number of slots that can be used by users except CPU board, clock Board, and other necessary system board and/or dedicated slot of system board in a modular router. The maximum number of ports supported by the vro is calculated based on this indicator and the port density of the user board.

CPU

CPU is the heart of a router, both in the Middle-end router and in the high-end router. In low-end and Middle-end routers, the CPU is responsible for exchanging route information, querying route tables, and forwarding data packets. In the preceding vro, the CPU capability directly affects the router's throughput route table query time) and the route computing capability affects the network route convergence time ). In high-end routers, packet forwarding and look-up are usually completed by the ASIC chip, and the CPU only implements the routing protocol, computing routes, and distribution route tables. Due to the development of technology, many work in routers can be implemented by hardware dedicated chips ). The CPU performance does not fully reflect the router performance. The performance of a vro。 is determined by indicators such as the throughput, latency, and route computing capability of the vro.

Memory

A vro may contain multiple types of memory, such as Flash and DRAM. The memory is used for storage configuration, router operating system, and routing protocol software. In the middle and low-end routers, the route table may be stored in the memory. Generally, the larger the vro memory, the better, the lower the price ). However, similar to CPU capabilities, the memory does not directly reflect the performance and capabilities of the router. Because efficient algorithms and excellent software may greatly save memory.

Port Density

This indicator reflects the integration of vro production. Because the vro volume is different, this indicator should be equivalent to the number of ports per inch in the rack. However, for the sake of intuition and convenience, the maximum number of ports supported by the router can be used.

Route information protocol (RIP)

RIP is a distance vector-based routing protocol, which usually uses the number of hops as the Metering Standard. RIP is an internal gateway protocol. Due to its simple implementation, RIP is the most widely used routing protocol. This Protocol is slow to converge and is generally used in small-sized networks. The RIP Protocol is defined in RFC 1058.

Policy Routing Mode

In addition to using the destination address as the basis for route selection, the router can also select a path for data packets based on the TOS field, source, and destination port number high-level application protocol. Policy routing can implement traffic engineering to a certain extent, so that different service quality streams, data voices of different types, and FTP can go through different paths.

Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP)

DVMRP is a multicast routing protocol based on distance vectors, which is basically developed based on RIP. DVMRP uses IGMP to exchange routes with neighbors

Full-duplex line rate forwarding capability

The most basic and important function of a router is packet forwarding. Forwarding packets at the same port rate is the greatest test of the router packet forwarding capability. Full-duplex line rate Forwarding is based on the minimum packet length Ethernet 64 bytes and POS port 40 bytes. The minimum packet interval complies with the protocol.) bidirectional transmission on the router port does not cause packet loss. This indicator is an important indicator of vro performance.